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This report describes the High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) initiative of the Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology. This program is supportive of and coordinated with the National Information Infrastructure Initiative. Now halfway through its 5-year effort, the HPCC program counts among its achievements more than a dozen high-performance computing centers in operation nationwide. Traffic on federally funded networks and the number of local and regional networks connected to these centers continues to double each year. Teams of researchers have made substantial progress in adapting software for use on high-performance computer systems; and the base of researchers, educators, and students trained in HPCC technologies has grown substantially. The five HPCC program components in operation at present are: (1) scalable computing systems ranging from affordable workstations to large-scale high-performance systems; (2) the National Research and Education Network; (3) the Advanced Software Technology and Algorithms program; (4) the Information Infrastructure Technology and Applications program; and (5) the Basic Research and Human Resources program. Components of each are reviewed. Twenty-five tables present program information, with 72 illustrations. (SLD)

This hearing before the Senate Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space focuses on S. 272, the High-Performance Computing and Communications Act of 1991, a bill that provides for a coordinated federal research and development program to ensure continued U.S. leadership in this area. Performance computing is defined as representing the leading edge of technological advancement in computing. This report includes the text of S. 272 as well as opening statements presented by Senators Gore, Pressler, Kasten, and Robb, and by the Chairman, Senator Hollings. Also included are statements from Allan D. Bromley, Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy; Tracey Gray, president of marketing, government systems division, US Sprint Communications Co.; Malvin H. Kalos, director of the Cornell Theory Center; Donald Langenberg, chancellor of the University of Maryland system; David C. Nagel, vice president of advanced technology, Apple Computer, Inc.; and John S. Wold, executive director, Lilly research laboratories, Eli Lilly and Co., who was accompanied by Riaz Abdulla, manager of a high-performance computing program. Additional articles, letters, and statements are included from the American Library Association; the Association of Research Libraries; Jack L. Brock, Jr., Director of the Government Information and Financial Management Issues, Information Management Division, Government Accounting Office (GAO); the Computing Research Association; John Patrick Crecine, president of the Georgia Institute of Technology; and Kenneth M. King, president of EDUCOM. (DB)

Includes bibliographical references

HPCC Information On Line 97 (NASA High Performance Computing and Communications)

The federal High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) program was created to accelerate the development of future generations of high performance computers and networks and the use of these resources in the federal government and throughout the American economy. This report describes the HPCC program which is developing computing, communications, and software technologies for the 21st Century. The HPCC program will provide key parts of the technological foundation for the National Information Infrastructure. The program is organized into the following five components: High Performance Computing Systems (HPCS); National Research and Education Network (NREN); Advanced Software Technology and Algorithms (ASTA); Information Infrastructure Technology and Applications (IITA); and Basic Research and Human Resources (BRHR). The report is divided into four sections: executive summary; program accomplishments and plans; high performance living today and tomorrow; and the HPCC program in summary. A glossary of terms and a list of contacts are included. (JLB)

The federal High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) program was created to accelerate the development of future generations of high performance computers and networks and the use of these resources in the federal government and throughout the American economy. This report describes the HPCC program which is developing computing, communications, and software technologies for the 21st Century. The HPCC program will provide key parts of the technological foundation for the National Information Infrastructure. The program is organized into the following five components: High Performance Computing Systems (HPCS); National Research and Education Network (NREN); Advanced Software Technology and Algorithms (ASTA); Information Infrastructure Technology and Applications (IITA); and Basic Research and Human Resources (BRHR). The report is divided into four sections: executive summary; program accomplishments and plans; high performance living today and tomorrow; and the HPCC program in summary. A glossary of terms and a list of contacts are included. (JLB)

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's HPCC program is part of a new Presidential initiative aimed at producing a 1000-fold increase in supercomputing speed and a 1(X)-fold improvement in available communications capability by 1997. As more advanced technologies are developed under the HPCC program, they will be used to solve NASA's 'Grand Challenge' problems, which include improving the design and simulation of advanced aerospace vehicles, allowing people at remote locations to communicate more effectively and share information, increasing scientists' abilities to model the Earth's climate and forecast global environmental trends, and improving the development of advanced spacecraft. NASA's HPCC program is organized into three projects which are unique to the agency's mission: the Computational Aerosciences (CAS) project, the Earth and Space Sciences (ESS) project, and the Remote Exploration and Experimentation (REE) project. An additional project, the Basic Research and Human Resources (BRHR) project, exists to promote long term research in computer science and engineering and to increase the pool of trained personnel in a variety of scientific disciplines. This document presents an overview of the objectives and organization of these projects, as well as summaries of early accomplishments and the significance, status, and plans for individual research and development programs within each project. Areas of emphasis include benchmarking, testbeds, software and simulation methods.

The United States finds itself at a very important strategic juncture. Technological leadership, once the hallmark of American industrial might, is continuing to erode, and with it industrial productivity and personal standards of living. The success of America's trading partners, particularly Japan, coupled with the potential threat posed by a united Europe, has heightened interest in the formulation of a strategic, long-term, and highly focused national industrial policy. In that regard, the High-Performance Computing Act and the High-Performance Computing and Communications Initiative, while directly responding to threats to technological leadership, indirectly offers a paradigm for the formulation and execution of industrial policy. This research specifically looks at the high-performance domestic and international computer industry, addresses the requirements for continued government research and development spending, offers specific recommendations for improving government and industry cooperative efforts (consortia) and examines how future government policy could be better focused to improve productivity and increase national wealth.

Includes bibliographical references

In 1991 the Federal Government initiated the multiagency High Performance Computing and Communications program (HPCC) to further the development of U.S. supercomputer technology and high-speed computer network technology. This overview by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) concentrates on obstacles that might prevent the growth of the high-performance computing and data communications industries. The market for supercomputers, relative to that of other technologies, is small. The main obstacle to the rise of large commercial markets for HPCC-developed technology is that cheaper workstations may preempt further growth of the supercomputer market as a whole. In addition, an economic inertia may occur, as conventional supercomputers, working well, become difficult to dislodge in the marketplace. The National Research and Educational Network (NREN) is central to the HPCC program. The ways in which Internet is becoming the core of a national data network promise well for HPCC in the future, but HPCC technology might be precluded from having a substantial effect on the current markets if demand for high-speed communications does not emerge as envisaged by HPCC leaders. Cost considerations and policy directions for HPCC are discussed. Five tables, six figures, and one box illustrate the discussion. Three appendixes discuss HPCC technology spinoffs and speed calculations. (SLD)

A review of the High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) program is provided in vugraph format. The goals and objectives of this federal program are as follows: extend U.S. leadership in high performance computing and computer communications; disseminate the technologies to speed innovation and to serve national goals; and spur gains in industrial competitiveness by making high performance computing integral to design and production.

The House Armed Services Committee asked the GAO (General Accounting Office) to examine the HPCC (High Performance Computing and Communications) program in terms of: (1) the effectiveness of the program's management structure in setting goals and measuring progress, and (2) how extensively private industry has been involved in the planning and execution of this program. The HPCC program aims to accelerate the research and development of high performance computers and networks and promote the use of those resources in both the federal government and the private sector. The administration is now broadening the role of the HPCC program in developing new technology in support of the NII (National Information Infrastructure), and industry participation is crucial for the creation of new products and services for the NII. The GAO recommended that the HPCC program develop a detailed technical agenda as a framework for guiding the government's investment in HPCC research. The HPCC budgets are developed without formal guidelines, and a more standardized method for spending could broaden industry support for the program. Private sector participation could be promoted by inviting industry representatives to collaborate on the development of program plans. The Assistant to the President for Science and Technology (Science Advisor) concurred with the GAO's findings and also recommended that a private sector advisory board be established. (DGM)

This hearing explores how the High Performance Computing and Communications Program (HPCC) relates to the technology needs of industry. Testimony and prepared statements from the following witnesses on future effects of computing and networking technologies on their companies are included: (1) F. Brett Berlin, president, Brett Berlin Associates, accompanied by David R. Audley, managing director, Prudential Securities; (2) Peter R. Bridenbaugh, executive vice president, science, engineering, environment, safety and health, Aluminum Co. of America; (3) Paul E. Rubbert, unit chief, aerodynamics research, Boeing Commercial Airplane Group; (4) W. Donald Frazer, vice president, Massively Parallel Products, Oracle Corp; and (5) Marvin G. Bloomquist, manager, information technology, Mobil Exploration and Producing Technical Center. (JLB)

This report presents the United States research and development program for 1993 for high performance computing and computer communications (HPCC) networks. The first of four chapters presents the program goals and an overview of the federal government's emphasis on high performance computing as an important factor in the nation's scientific and technological advancement, economic strength, and national security. Needs and benefits, program description, goals, strategy, and the program management approach are discussed in this chapter. Chapter two describes HPCC program components, including High Performance Computing Systems (HPCS), Advanced Software Technology and Algorithms (ASTA), the National Research and Education Network (NREN), and Basic Research and Human Resources (BRHR). Program development and agency budgets are addressed in chapter three, which includes discussions of program planning, evaluation criteria, agency budgets, and descriptions of programs of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the National Science Foundation, the Department of Energy, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Institutes of Health, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology. Chapter four, "Grand Challenge and Supporting Technology Case Studies," provides examples of high performance computing and computer communications technologies designed to represent the diversity and significance of application areas. Included are Magnetic Recording Technology, Rational Drug Design, High Speed Civil Transports, Catalysis, Fuel Combustion, Ocean Modeling, Ozone Depletion, Digital Anatomy, Air Pollution, Design of Protein Structures, Venus Imaging, and Technology Links Research to Education. A glossary of terms concludes the report. (DB)

This report offers advice on the strengths and weaknesses of the High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) initiative, one of five presidential initiatives launched in 1992 and coordinated by the Federal Coordinating Council for Science, Engineering, and Technology. The HPCC program has the following objectives: (1) to extend U.S. technological leadership in high performance computing and communications; (2) to provide wide dissemination and application of the technologies; and (3) to spur gains in U.S. productivity and industrial competitiveness. Because of the importance of the HPCC initiative to the national well-being, the President's Council of Advisors in Science and Technology (PCAST) established a special panel to advise PCAST on the strengths and weaknesses of the program. The Panel's observations and recommendations relating to four central issues: the program strategy; balance among technology, applications, and infrastructure; program management; and program vision make up the main body of this report. (ALF)

The objective of this research is to design a class of scalable interconnection networks to support arbitrary multicast communications in highly parallel computing systems. In particular, the project was concentrated on (1) designing routing strategies for multicast networks and developing a network simulator to simulate multicast networks under routing control strategies; (2) deriving necessary and sufficient conditions under which multicast networks are nonblocking; (3) establishing analytical models for the performance of multicast networks; (4) studying self-routing scheme for multicast communication; (5) studying efficient multicast communication in optical networks, and determining rearrangeable and nonblocking conditions in optical multicast networks. (6) studying efficient multicast communication (as well as general collective communication) in both electronic and optical networks Over the finding period, a number of important results were obtained and these results were reported in 22 journal papers, 1 book chapter, 6 patents (granted or pending), and 30 conference papers. The most important results of this project are summarized in the final progress report and all publications are also listed (attached).

This document presents witness testimony and supplemental materials from a Congressional hearing called to evaluate the progress of the High Performance Computing and Communications program in light of budget requests, to examine the appropriate role for the government in such a project, and to see demonstrations of the World Wide Web and related technologies. It features opening statements by Senator Conrad Burns and by Senator Ernest Hollings, as well as prepared statements by Senator Larry Pressler, by Senator John D. Rockefeller IV, and by Senator Ted Stevens. Witnesses include: (1) John Toole, National Coordinating Office for High Performance Computing and Communications; (2) Bill Burrall, Moundsville Junior High, Moundsville (West Virginia); (3) Dr. Richard Gowen, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology; and (4) Steven Running, School of Forestry, University of Montana (Missoula). An appendix features transcriptions of John Toole's dialogues with Senators Pressler and Burns. (BEW)

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration's HPCC program is part of a new Presidential initiative aimed at producing a 1000-fold increase in supercomputing speed and a 100-fold improvement in available communications capability by 1997. As more advanced technologies are developed under the HPCC program, they will be used to solve NASA's 'Grand Challenge' problems, which include improving the design and simulation of advanced aerospace vehicles, allowing people at remote locations to communicate more effectively and share information, increasing scientist's abilities to model the Earth's climate and forecast global environmental trends, and improving the development of advanced spacecraft. NASA's HPCC program is organized into three projects which are unique to the agency's mission: the Computational Aerosciences (CAS) project, the Earth and Space Sciences (ESS) project, and the Remote Exploration and Experimentation (REE) project. An additional project, the Basic Research and Human Resources (BRHR) project exists to promote long term research in computer science and engineering and to increase the pool of trained personnel in a variety of scientific disciplines. This document presents an overview of the objectives and organization of these projects as well as summaries of individual research and development programs within each project.

Archive-It Partner 350: National Library of Medicine - Collection 8137: NLM Collaboratory for High Performance Computing and Communications

This document reports to Congress on the progress that the Department of Energy has made in 1992 toward achieving the goals of the High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) program. Its second purpose is to provide a picture of the many programs administered by the Office of Scientific Computing under the auspices of the HPCC program. These include work on the development of high-performance computing systems, the Advanced Software Technology and Algorithms (ASTA) program, the National Research and Education Network (NREN), and the Basic Research and Human Resources (BRHR) program. In accordance with the HPCC Act of 1991, the Department of Energy has established two collaborative consortia at Los Alamos (New Mexico) and Oak Ridge (Tennessee) to work on identified"Grand Challenge" problems in a number of areas. Six figures are included. (SLD)

This report, profusely illustrated with color photographs and other graphics, elaborates on the Department of Energy (DOE) research program in High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC). The DOE is one of seven agency programs within the Federal Research and Development Program working on HPCC. The DOE HPCC program emphasizes research in four areas: (1) HPCC Systems--evaluate advanced architectures for large-scale scientific and engineering applications; (2) Advanced Software Technology and Algorithms--research computational methods, algorithms, and tools; develop large-scale data handling techniques; establish HPCC research centers; and exploit extensive teaming among scientists and engineers, applied mathematicians, and computer scientists; (3) National Research and Education Network--research and develop high-speed computer networking technologies through a multiagency cooperative effort; and (4) Basic Research and Human Resources--encourage research partnerships between national laboratories, industry, and universities; support computational mathematics and computer science research; establish research and educational programs in computational science; and enhance K through 12 education. The stated goals of the DOE HPCC program are to support the economic competitiveness and productivity of the United States, accelerate the application of HPCC technology to the solution of scientific and engineering problems, and enhance U.S leadership in research, development, and deployment of HPCC technologies. A number of examples of DOE HPCC operations are provided, including the MatVu matrix visualization computer software package; Global Ocean Model; Molecular Dynamics Simulations; Pion Propagator; Three-Dimensional Tokamak Modeling; MediaView, a system for multimedia communication; and the CASA testbed, a wide-area, very high speed communication network that enables a number of collaborating agencies to work with geographically dispersed supercomputing resources. (DB)

This report, profusely illustrated with color photographs and other graphics, elaborates on the Department of Energy (DOE) research program in High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC). The DOE is one of seven agency programs within the Federal Research and Development Program working on HPCC. The DOE HPCC program emphasizes research in four areas: (1) HPCC Systems--evaluate advanced architectures for large-scale scientific and engineering applications; (2) Advanced Software Technology and Algorithms--research computational methods, algorithms, and tools; develop large-scale data handling techniques; establish HPCC research centers; and exploit extensive teaming among scientists and engineers, applied mathematicians, and computer scientists; (3) National Research and Education Network--research and develop high-speed computer networking technologies through a multiagency cooperative effort; and (4) Basic Research and Human Resources--encourage research partnerships between national laboratories, industry, and universities; support computational mathematics and computer science research; establish research and educational programs in computational science; and enhance K through 12 education. The stated goals of the DOE HPCC program are to support the economic competitiveness and productivity of the United States, accelerate the application of HPCC technology to the solution of scientific and engineering problems, and enhance U.S leadership in research, development, and deployment of HPCC technologies. A number of examples of DOE HPCC operations are provided, including the MatVu matrix visualization computer software package; Global Ocean Model; Molecular Dynamics Simulations; Pion Propagator; Three-Dimensional Tokamak Modeling; MediaView, a system for multimedia communication; and the CASA testbed, a wide-area, very high speed communication network that enables a number of collaborating agencies to work with geographically dispersed supercomputing resources. (DB)

This report presents a review of the High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) Program, which has as its goal the acceleration of the commercial availability and utilization of the next generation of high performance computers and networks in order to: (1) extend U.S. technological leadership in high performance computing and computer communications; (2) provide wide dissemination and application of the technologies both to speed the pace of innovation and to serve the national economy, national security, education, and the global environment; and (3) spur gains in U.S. productivity and industrial competitiveness by making high performance computing and networking technologies an integral part of the design and production process. An executive summary, which opens the report, is followed by four chapters: (1) Program Goals and Overview (program description, needs and benefits, and program execution strategy); (2) HPCC Program Components (High Performance Computing Systems, Advanced Software Technology and Algorithms, the National Research and Education Network--NREN--and Basic Research and Human Resources); (3) Program Development and Agency Budgets (program planning, evaluation criteria, and agency program descriptions for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Department of Energy, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Science Foundation, National Institute for Standards and Technology, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Library of Medicine; and (4) Grand Challenge and Supporting Technology Case Studies (forecasting severe weather events, the study of cancer genes, predicting new superconductors, air pollution, aerospace vehicle design, energy conservation and turbulent combustion, microsystems design and packaging, the earth's biosphere, high speed networks, and education using the NREN. Eight figures and a glossary are included. (DB)

This report presents a review of the High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) Program, which has as its goal the acceleration of the commercial availability and utilization of the next generation of high performance computers and networks in order to: (1) extend U.S. technological leadership in high performance computing and computer communications; (2) provide wide dissemination and application of the technologies both to speed the pace of innovation and to serve the national economy, national security, education, and the global environment; and (3) spur gains in U.S. productivity and industrial competitiveness by making high performance computing and networking technologies an integral part of the design and production process. An executive summary, which opens the report, is followed by four chapters: (1) Program Goals and Overview (program description, needs and benefits, and program execution strategy); (2) HPCC Program Components (High Performance Computing Systems, Advanced Software Technology and Algorithms, the National Research and Education Network--NREN--and Basic Research and Human Resources); (3) Program Development and Agency Budgets (program planning, evaluation criteria, and agency program descriptions for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Department of Energy, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Science Foundation, National Institute for Standards and Technology, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Library of Medicine; and (4) Grand Challenge and Supporting Technology Case Studies (forecasting severe weather events, the study of cancer genes, predicting new superconductors, air pollution, aerospace vehicle design, energy conservation and turbulent combustion, microsystems design and packaging, the earth's biosphere, high speed networks, and education using the NREN. Eight figures and a glossary are included. (DB)

This report presents a review of the High Performance Computing and Communications (HPCC) Program, which has as its goal the acceleration of the commercial availability and utilization of the next generation of high performance computers and networks in order to: (1) extend U.S. technological leadership in high performance computing and computer communications; (2) provide wide dissemination and application of the technologies both to speed the pace of innovation and to serve the national economy, national security, education, and the global environment; and (3) spur gains in U.S. productivity and industrial competitiveness by making high performance computing and networking technologies an integral part of the design and production process. An executive summary, which opens the report, is followed by four chapters: (1) Program Goals and Overview (program description, needs and benefits, and program execution strategy); (2) HPCC Program Components (High Performance Computing Systems, Advanced Software Technology and Algorithms, the National Research and Education Network--NREN--and Basic Research and Human Resources); (3) Program Development and Agency Budgets (program planning, evaluation criteria, and agency program descriptions for the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Department of Energy, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, National Science Foundation, National Institute for Standards and Technology, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Environmental Protection Agency, and the National Library of Medicine; and (4) Grand Challenge and Supporting Technology Case Studies (forecasting severe weather events, the study of cancer genes, predicting new superconductors, air pollution, aerospace vehicle design, energy conservation and turbulent combustion, microsystems design and packaging, the earth's biosphere, high speed networks, and education using the NREN. Eight figures and a glossary are included. (DB)