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196 p. 30 cm

196 p. 30 cm

196 p. 30 cm

Book digitized by Google from the library of the University of California and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

Book digitized by Google from the library of the University of California and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

Unit One introduces the student to Mapping, Charting, and Geodesy. Basic concepts and principles are presented that will be applied during the remainder of the course. The subjects to be covered include: Earth modeling; Coordinate systems; and Techniques of mapping, charting, and geodesy. All of these areas are part of the science of geodesy, which is defined by the three principal subjects with which it is concerned: The size and shape of the earth; The relative location of points on or near the surface of the earth; and The earth's gravity field. The first two areas are referred to as geometric geodesy; the third is physical geodesy. The geometric and physical (or gravitational) aspects of geodesy are closely related to one another, since the physical surface of the earth does not deviate greatly from an equipotential surface of the gravity field. The material of Unit One is organized into three chapters, each examining geodesy from a different point of view: Geometric geodesy (Chapter Two) -- including material on relevant aspects of cartography and surveying; Physical geodesy (Chapter Three); and Satellite geodesy (Chapter Four) -- emphasizing the unique contributions to geodesy resulting from the use of earth satellites.

Currently used methods of computational physical geodesy are compared with respect to their efficiency during production runs on a computer. These methods include: (1) Least Squares adjustment with respect to spherical harmonics; (2) Surface layers, buried masses and related methods; (3) Least squares collocation; (4) Representation of the potential by spline functions; and (5) Explicit integral formulas. As an alternative, the feasibility of applying the finite element method to the fundamental problems of physical geodesy is investigated. The methods listed under (1)-(4) can be dramatically speeded up if the distribution of data and weights satisfies certain symmetry-requirements which are rather stringent. Method (5) relies altogether on a special type and distribution of data. In the absence of data homogeneity and regularity, the finite element method is asymptotically superior with respect to computational efficiency. Let N denote the number of parameters necessary to describe the variation of the potential on the reference surface. The computational effort associated with methods (1)-(4) grows proportional to N cubed. That one resulting from finite elements grows proportional to N to the 3/2 power. The constants of proportionality are, however, unfavorable for the finite element method. Hence its superiority comes through only for large values of N, which, in case of a global solution, corresponds to data averaged over 2 deg x 2 deg blocks. (Author)

This document provides a lecture course outline for a full-year introduction to military geodesy and geospace science. Throughout the presentation a military perspective is maintained which links mapping, charting, and geodesy (MC&G) issues with modern defense requirements. Elementary preparation is assumed in the subjects of general physics, mechanics, chemistry, astronautics, and linear system theory. The student should also be familiar with differential equations, analytic geometry, and linear algebra. Some acquaintance with vector calculus is useful but not essential. The topics covered are intended to provide conceptual rather than working knowledge. Ideally, the student completing this course will have attained a broad understanding of the MC&G field and will be able to develop specialized expertise quickly when required.

This document provides a lecture course outline for a full-year introduction to military geodesy and geospace science. Throughout the presentation a military perspective is maintained which links mapping, charting, and geodesy (MC&G) issues with modern defense requirements. Elementary preparation is assumed in the subjects of general physics, mechanics, chemistry, astronautics, and linear system theory. The student should also be familiar with differential equations, analytic geometry, and linear algebra. Some acquaintance with vector calculus is useful but not essential. The topics covered are intended to provide conceptual rather than working knowledge. Ideally, the student completing this course will have attained a broad understanding of the MC&G field and will be able to develop specialized expertise quickly when required.

The first production release of the Digital Nautical Chart (DNC) was a significant improvement over the previous prototypes. However, several key areas are still either incomplete or not addressed in the DNC. The Environment thematic layer still is not present in the DNC and environment data from the paper charts is omitted. DNC accuracies are not clearly stated. Feature labels do not follow the feature they describe, as on the paper charts. There is no standard symbology for the DNC, but there is one for the paper charts. The method of updating and correcting the DNC is not discussed. In addition, data errors between the product specification and the actual database are' noted. Issues raised by reviews of DNC prototypes 2 and 3, but not yet addressed, are restated. (MM)

The first production release of the Digital Nautical Chart (DNC) was a significant improvement over the previous prototypes. However, several key areas are still either incomplete or not addressed in the DNC. The Environment thematic layer still is not present in the DNC and environment data from the paper charts is omitted. DNC accuracies are not clearly stated. Feature labels do not follow the feature they describe, as on the paper charts. There is no standard symbology for the DNC, but there is one for the paper charts. The method of updating and correcting the DNC is not discussed. In addition, data errors between the product specification and the actual database are' noted. Issues raised by reviews of DNC prototypes 2 and 3, but not yet addressed, are restated. (MM)

Source: Digital Library of India Scanning Centre: C-DAC, Noida Source Library: Central Library, Bits- Pilani Date Accessioned: 6/22/2015 16:17 The Digital Library of India was a project under the auspices of the Government of India.

GeoDesy FSO GD series manual v1.5a

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GeoDesy FSO GeoData20 v1.2 series manual

The causes and effects of diurnal polar motion are described. An algorithm is developed for modeling the effects on very long baseline interferometry observables. Five years of radio-frequency very long baseline interferometry data from stations in Massachusetts, California, and Sweden are analyzed for diurnal polar motion. It is found that the effect is larger than predicted by McClure. Corrections to the standard nutation series caused by the deformability of the earth have a significant effect on the estimated diurnal polar motion scaling factor and the post-fit residual scatter. Simulations of high precision very long baseline interferometry experiments taking into account both measurement uncertainty and modeled errors are described.

Features of the JPL VLBI modeling and estimation software "MODEST" are reviewed. Its main advantages include thoroughly documented model physics, portability, and detailed error modeling. Two unique models are included: modeling of source structure and modeling of both spatial and temporal correlations in tropospheric delay noise. History of the code parallels the development of the astrometric and geodetic VLBI technique and the software retains many of the models implemented during its advancement. The code has been traceably maintained since the early 1980s, and will continue to be updated with recent IERS standards. Scripts are being developed to facilitate user-friendly data processing in the era of e-VLBI.

Features of the JPL VLBI modeling and estimation software "MODEST" are reviewed. Its main advantages include thoroughly documented model physics, portability, and detailed error modeling. Two unique models are included: modeling of source structure and modeling of both spatial and temporal correlations in tropospheric delay noise. History of the code parallels the development of the astrometric and geodetic VLBI technique and the software retains many of the models implemented during its advancement. The code has been traceably maintained since the early 1980s, and will continue to be updated with recent IERS standards. Scripts are being developed to facilitate user-friendly data processing in the era of e-VLBI.

Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) Mitigation at Goddard Geophysical and Astronomical Observatory (GGAO) has been addressed in three different ways by NASA's Space Geodesy Project (SGP); masks, blockers, and filters. All of these techniques will be employed at the GGAO, to mitigate the RFI consequences to the Very Long Baseline Interferometer.

The Tactical Ocean Data-Level 3 (TOD3) Performance Specification offers a definition of the content and format for this emerging standard Mapping, Chanting, & Geodesy (MC&G) product. As a vector-type product, TOD3 is designed to portray seafloor configuration, particularly in shallow water areas between 20 meters and 200 meters, along with non-submarine contacts data in a manner suitable for supporting subsurface navigation. TOD3 design is based upon the need for using it in conjunction with the Digital Nautical Chart (DNC) data for providing complete navigation information. This report presents a technical review of the TOD3 as evaluated by the Naval Digital MC&G Analysis Program at Stennis Space Center.

This document provides a lecture course outline for a full-year introduction to military geodesy and geospace science. Throughout the presentation a military perspective is maintained which links mapping, charting, and geodesy (MC&G) issues with modern defense requirements. Elementary preparation is assumed in the subjects of general physics, mechanics, chemistry, astronautics, and linear system theory. The student should also be familiar with differential equations, analytic geometry, and linear algebra. Some acquaintance with vector calculus is useful but not essential. The topics covered are intended to provide conceptual rather than working knowledge. Ideally, the student completing this course will have attained a broad understanding of the MC&G field and will be able to develop specialized expertise quickly when required.

The general terrestrial mapping, charting, and geodesy (MC&G) problem can best be formulated as the problem of generating a metric description of the earth and its physical properties -- a description in which relative positions within and on the surface of the earth are accurately described, the figure of the earth is accurately portrayed, and the gravitational, magnetic, and spin properties of the earth are fully represented in quantitative terms. Broader and more comprehensive definitions of the MC&G problem might be found within the domain of the planetological sciences, but the concept of quantitative metric relationships resulting from actual measurement processes will always be central to the definition. In the context of modern weapon systems, MC&G applications tend to concentrate in the areas of relative position determination on the surface of the earth and quantitative characterization of the terrestrial gravity field. The classical long-range artillery problem, for example, requires highly accurate knowledge of gun and target locations with respect to a common datum in a well-defined local coordinate system, together with approximate characterization of the gravity field, if a reliable one-shot hit capability is required. Practical constraints on achieving this capability, due partly to gun/target relative location limitations and partly to non-geodetic problems in the aiming process, lead to a multiple-shot, shoot-sense-correct philosophy that persists to this day.

The general terrestrial mapping, charting, and geodesy (MC&G) problem can best be formulated as the problem of generating a metric description of the earth and its physical properties -- a description in which relative positions within and on the surface of the earth are accurately described, the figure of the earth is accurately portrayed, and the gravitational, magnetic, and spin properties of the earth are fully represented in quantitative terms. Broader and more comprehensive definitions of the MC&G problem might be found within the domain of the planetological sciences, but the concept of quantitative metric relationships resulting from actual measurement processes will always be central to the definition. In the context of modern weapon systems, MC&G applications tend to concentrate in the areas of relative position determination on the surface of the earth and quantitative characterization of the terrestrial gravity field. The classical long-range artillery problem, for example, requires highly accurate knowledge of gun and target locations with respect to a common datum in a well-defined local coordinate system, together with approximate characterization of the gravity field, if a reliable one-shot hit capability is required. Practical constraints on achieving this capability, due partly to gun/target relative location limitations and partly to non-geodetic problems in the aiming process, lead to a multiple-shot, shoot-sense-correct philosophy that persists to this day.

Fourier transforms are efficient and convenient for analyzing local gravity data, but the accuracy of Fourier methods is restricted by the flat-earth approximation. In this paper, the theory of matched asymptotic (inner and outer) expansions is used to develop improved flat-earth approximations, determine regions of convergence, and match global (round-earth) and local (flat-earth) gravity models. Accurate solutions in the terms of Fourier transforms are given for the integrals of Poisson, Stokes, and Vening Meinesz. The new theory provides an error analysis of flat-earth algorithms and a systematic procedure for improving their accuracy. (Author)

Book digitized by Google from the library of the University of Michigan and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

This paper is in the public domain in USA. Metadata comes from the CrossRef API, see full record in the source URL below.

Book digitized by Google from the library of the New York Public Library and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

Book digitized by Google from the library of the New York Public Library and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

This paper is in the public domain in USA. Metadata comes from the CrossRef API, see full record in the source URL below.

During the time period of December 1970 to September 1971 an International Satllite Geodesy Experiment (ISAGEX) was conducted. Over fifty optical and laser tracking stations participated in the data gathering portion of this experiment. Data from some of the stations had not been previously available for dynamical orbit computations. With the recent availability of new data from the Astrosoviet, East European and other optical stations, orbital analyses were conducted to insure compatibility with the previously available laser data. These data have also been analyzed using dynamical orbital techniques for the estimation of estimation of geocentric coordinates for six camera stations (for Astrosoviet, two East European). Thirteen arcs of GEOS-1 and 2 observations between two and four days in length were used. The uncertainty in these new station values is considered to be about 20 meters in each coordinate. Adjustments to the previously available values were generally a few hundred meters. With these geocentric coordinates these data will now be used to supplement earth physics investigations during the ISAGEX.

We consider the possibility of the detection of a chameleon effect by an earth orbiting satellite such as LAGEOS, and possible constraints that might be placed on chameleon model parameters. Approximate constraints presented here result from using a simple monopole approximation for the gravitational field of the earth, along with results from the Khoury-Weltman chameleon model, solar system constraints obtained from the Cassini mission, and parameter bounds obtained from the LAGEOS satellite. It is furthermore suggested that a comparison of ground-based and space-based multipole moments of the geopotential could reveal a possible chameleon effect.

This paper is in the public domain in USA. Metadata comes from the CrossRef API, see full record in the source URL below.

Document number CIA-RDP78-05927A000100210005-1 declassified and released through the CIA's CREST database. Previously available only on four computers located outside of Washington D.C., the Agency was successfully pressured into putting the files online as a result of a MuckRock lawsuit and the efforts of Emma Best. The metadata was collected by Data.World, and the files are now being archived and made text searchable by the Internet Archive.

Document number CIA-RDP79-01009A000900030004-6 declassified and released through the CIA's CREST database. Previously available only on four computers located outside of Washington D.C., the Agency was successfully pressured into putting the files online as a result of a MuckRock lawsuit and the efforts of Emma Best. The metadata was collected by Data.World, and the files are now being archived and made text searchable by the Internet Archive.

Document number CIA-RDP79B01709A000500010037-7 declassified and released through the CIA's CREST database. Previously available only on four computers located outside of Washington D.C., the Agency was successfully pressured into putting the files online as a result of a MuckRock lawsuit and the efforts of Emma Best. The metadata was collected by Data.World, and the files are now being archived and made text searchable by the Internet Archive.

Geodesy FSO GD-P1000E1000 TP/MM user manual

Geodesy FSO GD-P1000E1000 TP/MM user manual

Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

Book digitized by Google and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

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Book digitized by Google from the library of Harvard University and uploaded to the Internet Archive by user tpb.

xi, 368 p. 24 cm

xi, 368 p. 24 cm

This volume of reports is the 2000 Annual Report of the International Very Long Base Interferometry (VLBI) Service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS). The individual reports were contributed by VLBI groups in the international geodetic and astrometric community who constitute the permanent components of IVS. The IVS 2000 Annual Report documents the work of the IVS components for the period March 1, 1999 (the official inauguration date of IVS) through December 31, 2000. The reports document changes, activities, and progress of the IVS. The entire contents of this Annual Report also appear on the IVS web site at http://ivscc.gsfc.nasa.gov/publications/ar2000. This book and the web site are organized as follows: (1) The first section contains general information about IVS, a map showing the location of the components, information about the Directing Board members, and the report of the IVS Chair; (2) The second section of Special Reports contains a status report of the IVS Working Group on GPS phase center mapping, a reproduction of the resolution making IVS a Service of the International Astronomical Union (IAU), and a reprint of the VLBI Standard Interface (VSI); (3) The next seven sections hold the component reports from the Coordinators, Network Stations, Operation Centers, Correlators, Data Centers, Analysis Centers, and Technology Development Centers; and (4) The last section includes reference information about IVS: the Terms of Reference, the lists of Member and Affiliated organizations, the IVS Associate Member list, a complete list of IVS components, the list of institutions contributing to this report, and a list of acronyms. The 2000 Annual Report demonstrates the vitality of the IVS and the outstanding progress we have made during our first 22 months.