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Spatial visualization skills are essential and fundamental to studying STEM subjects, and sketching is an effective way to practice those skills. One significant challenge of supporting practice using sketching questions is the vast number of possible mistakes, making it time-consuming for instructors to provide customized and actionable feedback to students. The same challenge persists for computer programs as well. This paper introduces a clustering model designed to categorize sketching answers based on the severity and characteristics of their mistakes. The model is designed to be used by a computer-based training platform to provide customized, actionable formative feedback to students in real-time. The promising results also suggest a new and comprehensive set of evaluation criteria to assess a student's performance on sketching questions. As a broader contribution, our work is a proof-of-concept for a modeling approach to automatically evaluate and provide formative feedback on complex free-hand sketches using abstract features that may be generalized to a variety of disciplines that involve the creation of technical drawings. [For the full proceedings, see ED607784.]

1Boy Crusoe

By Allan Eric

Also published as" A Yankee Crusoe" . A 15 year old hard working and studious farm boy finds the lure of adventure on the seas as a merchant seaman more than he can resist. This is his story. " I was born in a little town in the State of Maine, near the close of the Civil War. My boyhood life did not differ materially from that of the average farmer's son in the remote country districts of New England--except, perhaps, that I read more and thought more. Hard work on the rugged soil, two terms each year in the little yellow country schoolhouse, a day's fishing now and then filled the early years of my life full to over-flowing. " What he gets is enough excitement and adventure to overflow his wildest dreams. How he experiences disaster and uses his wits and knowledge to overcome every problem makes for a great read. - Summary by Phil Chenevert