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Research was conducted to provide educational researchers with a choice of pairwise multiple comparison procedures (P-MCPs) to use with single group repeated measures designs. The following were studied through two Monte Carlo (MC) simulations: (1) The T procedure of J. W. Tukey (1953); (2) a modification of Tukey's T (G. Keppel, 1973); (3) the Dunn-Bonferroni procedure (DB); (4) the sequentially rejective Bonferroni procedure (J. P. Shaffer, 1986) (SB); (5) Hayter's modification of Fisher's Least Significant Difference Test (A. J. Hayter, 1986) (FH); (6) a modified range procedure combining others (SRW); (7) a multiple range procedure based on Ryan-Welsch critical values (MRW) (T. A. Ryan and R. E. Welsch); (8) E. Peritz's (1970) procedure (P); and (9) Welsch's step-up procedure (W). The first MC study was exploratory and was based on variance-covariance matrices that were created so as to conform to different sphericity values. Power in this study was examined for a fixed set of mean differences. The second MC study, based on the results of the first, used variance-covariance matrices found in 100 real repeated measures data sets. Based on study results, the stepwise tests SB, FH, SRW, MRW, and P and the T and W are not recommended, but the DB procedure is recommended for use with single group repeated measures data. (Contains 5 tables, 10 figures, and 34 references.) (SLD)

1Boy Crusoe

By Allan Eric

Also published as" A Yankee Crusoe" . A 15 year old hard working and studious farm boy finds the lure of adventure on the seas as a merchant seaman more than he can resist. This is his story. " I was born in a little town in the State of Maine, near the close of the Civil War. My boyhood life did not differ materially from that of the average farmer's son in the remote country districts of New England--except, perhaps, that I read more and thought more. Hard work on the rugged soil, two terms each year in the little yellow country schoolhouse, a day's fishing now and then filled the early years of my life full to over-flowing. " What he gets is enough excitement and adventure to overflow his wildest dreams. How he experiences disaster and uses his wits and knowledge to overcome every problem makes for a great read. - Summary by Phil Chenevert