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From the view of schema-transfer theory, the use of schemata with their several functions gives an explanation for the facilitative effect of prior knowledge on learning processes. This report gives a theoretical exploration of the concept of schemata, underlying schema theories, and functions of schemata to indicate the importance of schema theories in the context of an ongoing research project on prior knowledge state. A schema is a fundamental element on which all information processing depends, a data structure for representing generic concepts stored in memory. Embedded in the unit in addition to the knowledge itself is information about how the knowledge is to be used. The prior knowledge state has a central role in all schema theories. The starting point for constructing a representation is what the learner already knows. It seems obvious that the student's schemata or knowledge structures will give concrete information about their prior knowledge state. Seven figures illustrate the discussion. (Contains 87 references.) (SLD)

1Boy Crusoe

By Allan Eric

Also published as" A Yankee Crusoe" . A 15 year old hard working and studious farm boy finds the lure of adventure on the seas as a merchant seaman more than he can resist. This is his story. " I was born in a little town in the State of Maine, near the close of the Civil War. My boyhood life did not differ materially from that of the average farmer's son in the remote country districts of New England--except, perhaps, that I read more and thought more. Hard work on the rugged soil, two terms each year in the little yellow country schoolhouse, a day's fishing now and then filled the early years of my life full to over-flowing. " What he gets is enough excitement and adventure to overflow his wildest dreams. How he experiences disaster and uses his wits and knowledge to overcome every problem makes for a great read. - Summary by Phil Chenevert