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Qualitative measures were developed within a Principal-Teacher Interaction (PTI) study by the Research and Development Center for Teacher Education, University of Texas at Austin, concerning the role of the principal and process of change as it occurs in school settings. Methodologies for data collection and analysis included quantitative measures of individual and group responses to change and qualitative dimensions concerning a sense of the context, interactions, and social meanings underlying the quantitative responses. These qualitative measures interpret and organize data to represent existing reality within a site and contribute to theory across sites. Qualitative methods can include coding of change action interventions, listing of effects, levels of use of an innovation, and configuration and concerns data. Qualitative information can be focused by using intervention mapping of planned action, antecedent mapping of how change evolved, critical incident maps and time lines, and "reality checks" by cross-site discussions involving "site expert" researchers and district representatives. These techniques provide a means for interpretation, cross verification, and validation of phenomena present in the data. (CM)

1Boy Crusoe

By Allan Eric

Also published as" A Yankee Crusoe" . A 15 year old hard working and studious farm boy finds the lure of adventure on the seas as a merchant seaman more than he can resist. This is his story. " I was born in a little town in the State of Maine, near the close of the Civil War. My boyhood life did not differ materially from that of the average farmer's son in the remote country districts of New England--except, perhaps, that I read more and thought more. Hard work on the rugged soil, two terms each year in the little yellow country schoolhouse, a day's fishing now and then filled the early years of my life full to over-flowing. " What he gets is enough excitement and adventure to overflow his wildest dreams. How he experiences disaster and uses his wits and knowledge to overcome every problem makes for a great read. - Summary by Phil Chenevert