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Designed initially as a way of understanding the often anomalous rhetoric of movement leaders, the Requirements-Problems-Strategies (RPS) framework for analyzing the rhetoric of social movements has been applied in recent years to analyses of other collective rhetoric and leadership roles in collectivities. RPS has also been used in conjunction with other communication theories (particularly K. Burke's pentad) to identify and account for the patterns of rhetoric unique to particular movements and the events in the life of a movement. Emphasized by the RPS approach are the cross pressures and constraints that inhere in the organizational roles of leaders of collectivities. The studies used to illustrate RPS include the following: (1) E. W. Mechling's study of 1960s free clinics and the creation of a theory of the rhetoric of counterinstitutional movement organizations (CIMOs), (2) L. M. Griffin's model of the stages of development in a social movement and the history of a movement's rhetoric, (3) G. Shive's study of rhetoric during a transitional period in a movement's history (the Chinese Communists during their United Front period from 1935 to 1942, for example), and (4) K. Reynolds's study of patterns of rhetorical invention, which focused on the ideological rhetoric of ordained Catholic revolutionaries in Latin America. (RL)

1Boy Crusoe

By Allan Eric

Also published as" A Yankee Crusoe" . A 15 year old hard working and studious farm boy finds the lure of adventure on the seas as a merchant seaman more than he can resist. This is his story. " I was born in a little town in the State of Maine, near the close of the Civil War. My boyhood life did not differ materially from that of the average farmer's son in the remote country districts of New England--except, perhaps, that I read more and thought more. Hard work on the rugged soil, two terms each year in the little yellow country schoolhouse, a day's fishing now and then filled the early years of my life full to over-flowing. " What he gets is enough excitement and adventure to overflow his wildest dreams. How he experiences disaster and uses his wits and knowledge to overcome every problem makes for a great read. - Summary by Phil Chenevert