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In this study, we have utilized glioma patients along with two unique murine glioma models: RCAS glioma model and Gl261 model to study various lineages of BMDCs during different stages of glial tumors. Importantly, we identified the unique the population VEGFR2+MDSCs in both patients and mice, which might be used as a surrogate marker for glioma diagnosis and prognosis in future. We have validated the changes of myeloid lineage and endothelial lineages during the progression of gliomas, and We observed the increased population of myeloid derived suppressor cells and endothelial progenitor cells in murine glioma models. We have created inducible VEGFR2 knockout system in glioma bearing mice. Taking advantage of this transgenetic model, we demonstrated that bone marrow derived VEGFR2 signaling plays an important role in myeloid differentiation, and infiltration into tumor tissues. Deficiency of VEGFR2 in BMDCs led to impairment of tumor associated myeloid cells and delayed progression of low-grade glioma. All of these findings may have implications to suppress the switch of low-grade to high-grade transformation, and predict the long-term survival.