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We developed combined run-time and compile-time analyses for enforcing trace based safety properties in higher order and Object Oriented programs, called trace effect analysis. Traces are the ordered sequence of events generated by programs. A wide variety of interesting language safety mechanisms can be expressed as trace properties, such as access control, resource usage protocols, and context sensitive flow analysis. Consequently, our analyses provide a uniform framework for automatically enforcing a large class of safety properties, which can be specialized for particular applications. Formal type theory underlies most of these analyses. We have also developed new program logics for defining access control policies. Based on temporal logics, they allow for the specification and verifiable enforcement of sophisticated security policies, and are especially useful in distributed contexts.