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On 26 December 2004 at 6.58 hours (Sri Lanka Time), a massive earthquake with its epicentre outside the coast of Sumatra generated a series of gigantic waves, tsunamis. At 8.35 hours the waves reached the eastern and southern coastline of Sri Lanka, crushing hundreds of villages and towns, killing and maiming tens of thousands of people within seconds. When the waves pulled back, and the ocean calmed down, local people came running to the scene to help. In the first couple of days after the disaster the survivors and their helpers had to manage largely on their own. When the professional experts arrived, most of them without any prior knowledge about the country, they took full command over the situation, brushing aside the local communities and their indigenous emergency systems. At this stage, those who were meant to die had already succumbed, and most of the wounded had received assistance from friends and neighbours.

7-9pmLethbridge Public Library Theatre Gallery In 2006-2009, a wretched place for a construction worker in Indonesia was to be on a \"humanitarian\" tsunami reconstruction project in Aceh, Sumatra. Instead of receiving benefits from the largest, most generously-funded humanitarian operation in history, tens of thousands of Javanese construction workers were arguably victims of human trafficking and falsely recruited for exploitative use and/or involuntary labour, under conditions defined as \"human trafficking\" or \"modern slavery.\" The social disaster throughout Aceh and Java was borne mostly by Javanese laborers, some of whom died in Aceh because of abuse. The speaker will contend that disproportionate numbers of trafficked victims were from larger projects managed by Red Cross, U.N., development banks and NGO's. The more remote a project site was, the more likely workers would be trapped and would eventually walk or hitchhike trying to escape. Witnesses have testified in every affected community visited, that many or most Javanese workers were unpaid, hungry and had to escape to find other work or ways to get home. Arguably, Red Cross, UN and the NGO's ought to have known that they were complicit in the trafficking of slave labour.Speaker: Virgil GrandfieldVirgil Grandfield grew up in Texas and achieved degrees in Political Science at the University of Lethbridge (1992) and Journalism at Concordia in Montreal (1993). In the mid 90s, he started the first Canadian educational consulting agency in Mexico and in 1999 after Hurricane Mitch, began a career in the humanitarian field of work in Central America. Grandfield became a Canadian Red Cross delegate after working as part of the Blood Reserve flood response in 2002 and was deployed to Aceh, Indonesia in 2006 to work as Information Delegate for the tsunami operation of the International Red Cross. Returning to Aceh in 2007, Grandfield recognized the human trafficking and resigned as Canadian Red Cross delegate in 2008, to advocate for the \"modern slavery\" workers and their families, seeking justice from those relief agencies which used and abandoned them in Aceh.

7-9pmLethbridge Public Library Theatre Gallery In 2006-2009, a wretched place for a construction worker in Indonesia was to be on a \"humanitarian\" tsunami reconstruction project in Aceh, Sumatra. Instead of receiving benefits from the largest, most generously-funded humanitarian operation in history, tens of thousands of Javanese construction workers were arguably victims of human trafficking and falsely recruited for exploitative use and/or involuntary labour, under conditions defined as \"human trafficking\" or \"modern slavery.\" The social disaster throughout Aceh and Java was borne mostly by Javanese laborers, some of whom died in Aceh because of abuse. The speaker will contend that disproportionate numbers of trafficked victims were from larger projects managed by Red Cross, U.N., development banks and NGO's. The more remote a project site was, the more likely workers would be trapped and would eventually walk or hitchhike trying to escape. Witnesses have testified in every affected community visited, that many or most Javanese workers were unpaid, hungry and had to escape to find other work or ways to get home. Arguably, Red Cross, UN and the NGO's ought to have known that they were complicit in the trafficking of slave labour.Speaker: Virgil GrandfieldVirgil Grandfield grew up in Texas and achieved degrees in Political Science at the University of Lethbridge (1992) and Journalism at Concordia in Montreal (1993). In the mid 90s, he started the first Canadian educational consulting agency in Mexico and in 1999 after Hurricane Mitch, began a career in the humanitarian field of work in Central America. Grandfield became a Canadian Red Cross delegate after working as part of the Blood Reserve flood response in 2002 and was deployed to Aceh, Indonesia in 2006 to work as Information Delegate for the tsunami operation of the International Red Cross. Returning to Aceh in 2007, Grandfield recognized the human trafficking and resigned as Canadian Red Cross delegate in 2008, to advocate for the \"modern slavery\" workers and their families, seeking justice from those relief agencies which used and abandoned them in Aceh.

Title: 【JICA Chair】Japan’s Experience in Peaceful State-Building and Post-War⧸Disaster Reconstruction(Dst) Published on: 2023-08-15 Original video URL: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UxAVyzC0io8

7-9pmLethbridge Public Library Theatre Gallery In 2006-2009, a wretched place for a construction worker in Indonesia was to be on a \"humanitarian\" tsunami reconstruction project in Aceh, Sumatra. Instead of receiving benefits from the largest, most generously-funded humanitarian operation in history, tens of thousands of Javanese construction workers were arguably victims of human trafficking and falsely recruited for exploitative use and/or involuntary labour, under conditions defined as \"human trafficking\" or \"modern slavery.\" The social disaster throughout Aceh and Java was borne mostly by Javanese laborers, some of whom died in Aceh because of abuse. The speaker will contend that disproportionate numbers of trafficked victims were from larger projects managed by Red Cross, U.N., development banks and NGO's. The more remote a project site was, the more likely workers would be trapped and would eventually walk or hitchhike trying to escape. Witnesses have testified in every affected community visited, that many or most Javanese workers were unpaid, hungry and had to escape to find other work or ways to get home. Arguably, Red Cross, UN and the NGO's ought to have known that they were complicit in the trafficking of slave labour.Speaker: Virgil GrandfieldVirgil Grandfield grew up in Texas and achieved degrees in Political Science at the University of Lethbridge (1992) and Journalism at Concordia in Montreal (1993). In the mid 90s, he started the first Canadian educational consulting agency in Mexico and in 1999 after Hurricane Mitch, began a career in the humanitarian field of work in Central America. Grandfield became a Canadian Red Cross delegate after working as part of the Blood Reserve flood response in 2002 and was deployed to Aceh, Indonesia in 2006 to work as Information Delegate for the tsunami operation of the International Red Cross. Returning to Aceh in 2007, Grandfield recognized the human trafficking and resigned as Canadian Red Cross delegate in 2008, to advocate for the \"modern slavery\" workers and their families, seeking justice from those relief agencies which used and abandoned them in Aceh.

7-9pmLethbridge Public Library Theatre Gallery In 2006-2009, a wretched place for a construction worker in Indonesia was to be on a \"humanitarian\" tsunami reconstruction project in Aceh, Sumatra. Instead of receiving benefits from the largest, most generously-funded humanitarian operation in history, tens of thousands of Javanese construction workers were arguably victims of human trafficking and falsely recruited for exploitative use and/or involuntary labour, under conditions defined as \"human trafficking\" or \"modern slavery.\" The social disaster throughout Aceh and Java was borne mostly by Javanese laborers, some of whom died in Aceh because of abuse. The speaker will contend that disproportionate numbers of trafficked victims were from larger projects managed by Red Cross, U.N., development banks and NGO's. The more remote a project site was, the more likely workers would be trapped and would eventually walk or hitchhike trying to escape. Witnesses have testified in every affected community visited, that many or most Javanese workers were unpaid, hungry and had to escape to find other work or ways to get home. Arguably, Red Cross, UN and the NGO's ought to have known that they were complicit in the trafficking of slave labour.Speaker: Virgil GrandfieldVirgil Grandfield grew up in Texas and achieved degrees in Political Science at the University of Lethbridge (1992) and Journalism at Concordia in Montreal (1993). In the mid 90s, he started the first Canadian educational consulting agency in Mexico and in 1999 after Hurricane Mitch, began a career in the humanitarian field of work in Central America. Grandfield became a Canadian Red Cross delegate after working as part of the Blood Reserve flood response in 2002 and was deployed to Aceh, Indonesia in 2006 to work as Information Delegate for the tsunami operation of the International Red Cross. Returning to Aceh in 2007, Grandfield recognized the human trafficking and resigned as Canadian Red Cross delegate in 2008, to advocate for the \"modern slavery\" workers and their families, seeking justice from those relief agencies which used and abandoned them in Aceh.

7-9pmLethbridge Public Library Theatre Gallery In 2006-2009, a wretched place for a construction worker in Indonesia was to be on a \"humanitarian\" tsunami reconstruction project in Aceh, Sumatra. Instead of receiving benefits from the largest, most generously-funded humanitarian operation in history, tens of thousands of Javanese construction workers were arguably victims of human trafficking and falsely recruited for exploitative use and/or involuntary labour, under conditions defined as \"human trafficking\" or \"modern slavery.\" The social disaster throughout Aceh and Java was borne mostly by Javanese laborers, some of whom died in Aceh because of abuse. The speaker will contend that disproportionate numbers of trafficked victims were from larger projects managed by Red Cross, U.N., development banks and NGO's. The more remote a project site was, the more likely workers would be trapped and would eventually walk or hitchhike trying to escape. Witnesses have testified in every affected community visited, that many or most Javanese workers were unpaid, hungry and had to escape to find other work or ways to get home. Arguably, Red Cross, UN and the NGO's ought to have known that they were complicit in the trafficking of slave labour.Speaker: Virgil GrandfieldVirgil Grandfield grew up in Texas and achieved degrees in Political Science at the University of Lethbridge (1992) and Journalism at Concordia in Montreal (1993). In the mid 90s, he started the first Canadian educational consulting agency in Mexico and in 1999 after Hurricane Mitch, began a career in the humanitarian field of work in Central America. Grandfield became a Canadian Red Cross delegate after working as part of the Blood Reserve flood response in 2002 and was deployed to Aceh, Indonesia in 2006 to work as Information Delegate for the tsunami operation of the International Red Cross. Returning to Aceh in 2007, Grandfield recognized the human trafficking and resigned as Canadian Red Cross delegate in 2008, to advocate for the \"modern slavery\" workers and their families, seeking justice from those relief agencies which used and abandoned them in Aceh.

7-9pmLethbridge Public Library Theatre Gallery In 2006-2009, a wretched place for a construction worker in Indonesia was to be on a \"humanitarian\" tsunami reconstruction project in Aceh, Sumatra. Instead of receiving benefits from the largest, most generously-funded humanitarian operation in history, tens of thousands of Javanese construction workers were arguably victims of human trafficking and falsely recruited for exploitative use and/or involuntary labour, under conditions defined as \"human trafficking\" or \"modern slavery.\" The social disaster throughout Aceh and Java was borne mostly by Javanese laborers, some of whom died in Aceh because of abuse. The speaker will contend that disproportionate numbers of trafficked victims were from larger projects managed by Red Cross, U.N., development banks and NGO's. The more remote a project site was, the more likely workers would be trapped and would eventually walk or hitchhike trying to escape. Witnesses have testified in every affected community visited, that many or most Javanese workers were unpaid, hungry and had to escape to find other work or ways to get home. Arguably, Red Cross, UN and the NGO's ought to have known that they were complicit in the trafficking of slave labour.Speaker: Virgil GrandfieldVirgil Grandfield grew up in Texas and achieved degrees in Political Science at the University of Lethbridge (1992) and Journalism at Concordia in Montreal (1993). In the mid 90s, he started the first Canadian educational consulting agency in Mexico and in 1999 after Hurricane Mitch, began a career in the humanitarian field of work in Central America. Grandfield became a Canadian Red Cross delegate after working as part of the Blood Reserve flood response in 2002 and was deployed to Aceh, Indonesia in 2006 to work as Information Delegate for the tsunami operation of the International Red Cross. Returning to Aceh in 2007, Grandfield recognized the human trafficking and resigned as Canadian Red Cross delegate in 2008, to advocate for the \"modern slavery\" workers and their families, seeking justice from those relief agencies which used and abandoned them in Aceh.

Pre-analysis plan for survey in the Kathmandu Valley

Pre-analysis plan for survey in the Kathmandu Valley

Pre-analysis plan for survey in the Kathmandu Valley

This article is from BMC Women's Health , volume 14 . Abstract Background: The health of females is more at risk during disasters. Studies that focus on the comparison of males and time span are few. This article focuses on the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of female victims in the post-disaster reconstruction in China. We aim to reduce gender health inequalities by comparing and analyzing gender differences in HRQOL. Moreover, we analyze the trends in HRQOL of female victims by using tracking data, and then provide reasonable suggestions to enhance the HRQOL. Methods: This article explores the HRQOL of women victims in the post-disaster reconstruction from two perspectives: a comparison between males and a time span of six-month intervals. We conducted the first survey, and the double tracking survey in 2013. This study uses data from half a year later sample surveys collected from five counties (Wenchuan, Qingchuan, Mianzhu, Lushan, and Dujiangyan) in Sichuan in 2013 (N = 2000). Results: (1) By calculating the Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the SF-12 scale, we found that that reliability of the scale and the internal consistency are good. (2) Using SF-12 instead of SF-36 to measure the HRQOL of survivors is feasible. (3) The ANOVA and non-parametric testing methods show that significant differences exist between the eight dimensions of HRQOL in different genders after the earthquake. (4) After six months, the HRQOL of female victims in the post-disaster reconstruction has also undergone a significant change. (5) Compared with male victims, we should give more attention to female victims’ HRQOL issues in the post-disaster reconstruction in Sichuan. (6) The performances of victims in the post-disaster reconstruction in PCS and MCS affect each other. Conclusion: We found that in terms of gender, the male and female victims’ HRQOL after the disaster largely varied: (1) In general, significant difference exists between male and female victims in terms of HRQOL. The HRQOL of female victims is poorer than that of male victims. (2) The PCS and MCS of victims affect each other. However, for female victims, the degree of influence of MCS on PCS is larger than that in males. (3) The MCS of female victims is more vulnerable than that of male victims. In terms of time span, the following information was obtained: (1) after six months of rest, victims’ HRQOL significantly improved. (2) At this stage, relative to the MCS, the PCS of females should be given more attention.

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In recent years, the United States has been involved as part of multinational coalitions in stability and reconstruction operations (SRO) in the Balkan states, Afghanistan, and Iraq. It also has provided humanitarian assistance in response to devastating natural disasters around the world. Increasingly, the scale and scope of such events involve both civilian and military components, as resources are stretched thin to support multiple ongoing crises. Information and communications technologies (ICTs) are key elements of the global response to crises, whether natural or man-made disasters or post-conflict SRO scenarios. ICTs are vital enablers of the coordination mechanisms that civilian and military organizations need to assist local populations and host governments. ICT capabilities and requirements need to be better understood, so that relief and reconstruction efforts can be better constructed and coordinated by all parties working in the interests of the affected population. This primer presents current knowledge and best practices in creating a collaborative, civil-military, information environment to support data collection, communications, collaboration, and information-sharing needs in disaster situations and complex emergencies. It consists of two parts. Part one defines and discusses the role of ICTs, the growing recognition of a need for improved collaboration, coordination, and information sharing, and the institutional and cultural characteristics of the various civilian and military participants in relief and reconstruction efforts. Part two draws real-world conclusions, provides best-practice recommendations, and offers practical checklists for maximizing use of communications and information management systems and processes.

On March 11 2011, Japan was hit by âthe Great East Japan Earthquakeâ, the strongest earthquake to strike the nation in recorded history. Recovery and reconstruction plans necessitate immense expense and time, entailing numerous arguments about the sources of revenues. As described in this paper, mutual insurance among local governments is considered as a decentralized risk sharing system. Comparative statics analysis of a simple two-regional model is conducted, demonstrating the validity of this proposal. Results show that the foundation of a mutual insurance system increases economic welfare. Therefore, to ensure enforcement of the recovery and reconstruction project, it is important to found a mutual insurance system among local governments in advance, and to build a decentralized risk sharing system.

As the Department of Defense (DoD) continues its information age transformation to net-centric operations, we must consider the full array of the DoD's activities. The level of interaction with partners outside the boundaries of DoD networks has increased tremendously over the past few years. In particular, it is crucial to support Stability, Security, Transition and Reconstruction (SSTR) operations, Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief (HADR), and Building Partnership Capacity (BPC) among potential coalition members. The social, political, and economic goals for which United States and coalition forces are committed can only be achieved through effective interaction with these nontraditional partners in largely unclassified environments.