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The burning of bags of excess gun propellant left over after an artillery exercise is a common practice on Canadian Forces Base (CFB) ranges and training areas. This process is carried out by aligning and burning the bags on the ground. This operation is known to leave significant quantities of energetic residues. It was also suspected of producing, among its combustion products, dioxins and furans, two structurally and chemically related chlorinated compounds known to be toxic and persistent in the environment. At CFB Petawawa, dioxins and furans were detected in some soil and water samples. The work reported here was aimed at studying the potential production of dioxins and furans from the combustion of gun propellants using a flare as an igniter. The results indicated that this production was not related to the combustion pattern, chemical composition or mass of the gun propellant, but to the presence of the igniter. The accepted procedure published by the Canadian Forces requires the use of a railroad fusee or a flare (like the warning flares used on roads at night) as the ignition source for the gun propellant. This trial should be replicated, and if further trials confirm that the railroad fusee is the source of the dioxins and furans, the disposal procedure for excess gun propellant by open burning should be modified.

The burning of bags of excess gun propellant left over after an artillery exercise is a common practice on Canadian Forces Base (CFB) ranges and training areas. This process is carried out by aligning and burning the bags on the ground. This operation is known to leave significant quantities of energetic residues. It was also suspected of producing, among its combustion products, dioxins and furans, two structurally and chemically related chlorinated compounds known to be toxic and persistent in the environment. At CFB Petawawa, dioxins and furans were detected in some soil and water samples. The work reported here was aimed at studying the potential production of dioxins and furans from the combustion of gun propellants using a flare as an igniter. The results indicated that this production was not related to the combustion pattern, chemical composition or mass of the gun propellant, but to the presence of the igniter. The accepted procedure published by the Canadian Forces requires the use of a railroad fusee or a flare (like the warning flares used on roads at night) as the ignition source for the gun propellant. This trial should be replicated, and if further trials confirm that the railroad fusee is the source of the dioxins and furans, the disposal procedure for excess gun propellant by open burning should be modified.

The burning of bags of excess gun propellant left over after an artillery exercise is a common practice on Canadian Forces Base (CFB) ranges and training areas. This process is carried out by aligning and burning the bags on the ground. This operation is known to leave significant quantities of energetic residues. It was also suspected of producing, among its combustion products, dioxins and furans, two structurally and chemically related chlorinated compounds known to be toxic and persistent in the environment. At CFB Petawawa, dioxins and furans were detected in some soil and water samples. The work reported here was aimed at studying the potential production of dioxins and furans from the combustion of gun propellants using a flare as an igniter. The results indicated that this production was not related to the combustion pattern, chemical composition or mass of the gun propellant, but to the presence of the igniter. The accepted procedure published by the Canadian Forces requires the use of a railroad fusee or a flare (like the warning flares used on roads at night) as the ignition source for the gun propellant. This trial should be replicated, and if further trials confirm that the railroad fusee is the source of the dioxins and furans, the disposal procedure for excess gun propellant by open burning should be modified.

The burning of bags of excess gun propellant left over after an artillery exercise is a common practice on Canadian Forces Base (CFB) ranges and training areas. This process is carried out by aligning and burning the bags on the ground. This operation is known to leave significant quantities of energetic residues. It was also suspected of producing, among its combustion products, dioxins and furans, two structurally and chemically related chlorinated compounds known to be toxic and persistent in the environment. At CFB Petawawa, dioxins and furans were detected in some soil and water samples. The work reported here was aimed at studying the potential production of dioxins and furans from the combustion of gun propellants using a flare as an igniter. The results indicated that this production was not related to the combustion pattern, chemical composition or mass of the gun propellant, but to the presence of the igniter. The accepted procedure published by the Canadian Forces requires the use of a railroad fusee or a flare (like the warning flares used on roads at night) as the ignition source for the gun propellant. This trial should be replicated, and if further trials confirm that the railroad fusee is the source of the dioxins and furans, the disposal procedure for excess gun propellant by open burning should be modified.

The project developed a passive sampling method utilizing polyethylene samplers to sample dioxins/furans and a wide range of other hydrophobic organic contaminants in situ, both in sediment and the overlying water column. The sampler was tested to work both in sediments and overlying surface waters at several sites along the Passaic River (NJ). Contaminant concentrations resulting from the multi-sampler deployments were compared with their concentrations in benthic invertebrates to demonstrate the ability to predict tissue concentrations. Good agreement was generally observed between porewater concentrations obtained in the laboratory and the in situ sampler for dioxins/furans and PCBs, implying that the sampler performed well. Lipid normalized PCDD/Fs were better estimated in the current study from porewater and river water for the majority of the congeners.

The project developed a passive sampling method utilizing polyethylene samplers to sample dioxins/furans and a wide range of other hydrophobic organic contaminants in situ, both in sediment and the overlying water column. The sampler was tested to work both in sediments and overlying surface waters at several sites along the Passaic River (NJ). Contaminant concentrations resulting from the multi-sampler deployments were compared with their concentrations in benthic invertebrates to demonstrate the ability to predict tissue concentrations. Good agreement was generally observed between porewater concentrations obtained in the laboratory and the in situ sampler for dioxins/furans and PCBs, implying that the sampler performed well. Lipid normalized PCDD/Fs were better estimated in the current study from porewater and river water for the majority of the congeners.

The project developed a passive sampling method utilizing polyethylene samplers to sample dioxins/furans and a wide range of other hydrophobic organic contaminants in situ, both in sediment and the overlying water column. The sampler was tested to work both in sediments and overlying surface waters at several sites along the Passaic River (NJ). Contaminant concentrations resulting from the multi-sampler deployments were compared with their concentrations in benthic invertebrates to demonstrate the ability to predict tissue concentrations. Good agreement was generally observed between porewater concentrations obtained in the laboratory and the in situ sampler for dioxins/furans and PCBs, implying that the sampler performed well. Lipid normalized PCDD/Fs were better estimated in the current study from porewater and river water for the majority of the congeners.

The project developed a passive sampling method utilizing polyethylene samplers to sample dioxins/furans and a wide range of other hydrophobic organic contaminants in situ, both in sediment and the overlying water column. The sampler was tested to work both in sediments and overlying surface waters at several sites along the Passaic River (NJ). Contaminant concentrations resulting from the multi-sampler deployments were compared with their concentrations in benthic invertebrates to demonstrate the ability to predict tissue concentrations. Good agreement was generally observed between porewater concentrations obtained in the laboratory and the in situ sampler for dioxins/furans and PCBs, implying that the sampler performed well. Lipid normalized PCDD/Fs were better estimated in the current study from porewater and river water for the majority of the congeners.

The project developed a passive sampling method utilizing polyethylene samplers to sample dioxins/furans and a wide range of other hydrophobic organic contaminants in situ, both in sediment and the overlying water column. The sampler was tested to work both in sediments and overlying surface waters at several sites along the Passaic River (NJ). Contaminant concentrations resulting from the multi-sampler deployments were compared with their concentrations in benthic invertebrates to demonstrate the ability to predict tissue concentrations. Good agreement was generally observed between porewater concentrations obtained in the laboratory and the in situ sampler for dioxins/furans and PCBs, implying that the sampler performed well. Lipid normalized PCDD/Fs were better estimated in the current study from porewater and river water for the majority of the congeners.

The project developed a passive sampling method utilizing polyethylene samplers to sample dioxins/furans and a wide range of other hydrophobic organic contaminants in situ, both in sediment and the overlying water column. The sampler was tested to work both in sediments and overlying surface waters at several sites along the Passaic River (NJ). Contaminant concentrations resulting from the multi-sampler deployments were compared with their concentrations in benthic invertebrates to demonstrate the ability to predict tissue concentrations. Good agreement was generally observed between porewater concentrations obtained in the laboratory and the in situ sampler for dioxins/furans and PCBs, implying that the sampler performed well. Lipid normalized PCDD/Fs were better estimated in the current study from porewater and river water for the majority of the congeners.

The project developed a passive sampling method utilizing polyethylene samplers to sample dioxins/furans and a wide range of other hydrophobic organic contaminants in situ, both in sediment and the overlying water column. The sampler was tested to work both in sediments and overlying surface waters at several sites along the Passaic River (NJ). Contaminant concentrations resulting from the multi-sampler deployments were compared with their concentrations in benthic invertebrates to demonstrate the ability to predict tissue concentrations. Good agreement was generally observed between porewater concentrations obtained in the laboratory and the in situ sampler for dioxins/furans and PCBs, implying that the sampler performed well. Lipid normalized PCDD/Fs were better estimated in the current study from porewater and river water for the majority of the congeners.

The project developed a passive sampling method utilizing polyethylene samplers to sample dioxins/furans and a wide range of other hydrophobic organic contaminants in situ, both in sediment and the overlying water column. The sampler was tested to work both in sediments and overlying surface waters at several sites along the Passaic River (NJ). Contaminant concentrations resulting from the multi-sampler deployments were compared with their concentrations in benthic invertebrates to demonstrate the ability to predict tissue concentrations. Good agreement was generally observed between porewater concentrations obtained in the laboratory and the in situ sampler for dioxins/furans and PCBs, implying that the sampler performed well. Lipid normalized PCDD/Fs were better estimated in the current study from porewater and river water for the majority of the congeners.

The project developed a passive sampling method utilizing polyethylene samplers to sample dioxins/furans and a wide range of other hydrophobic organic contaminants in situ, both in sediment and the overlying water column. The sampler was tested to work both in sediments and overlying surface waters at several sites along the Passaic River (NJ). Contaminant concentrations resulting from the multi-sampler deployments were compared with their concentrations in benthic invertebrates to demonstrate the ability to predict tissue concentrations. Good agreement was generally observed between porewater concentrations obtained in the laboratory and the in situ sampler for dioxins/furans and PCBs, implying that the sampler performed well. Lipid normalized PCDD/Fs were better estimated in the current study from porewater and river water for the majority of the congeners.

The project developed a passive sampling method utilizing polyethylene samplers to sample dioxins/furans and a wide range of other hydrophobic organic contaminants in situ, both in sediment and the overlying water column. The sampler was tested to work both in sediments and overlying surface waters at several sites along the Passaic River (NJ). Contaminant concentrations resulting from the multi-sampler deployments were compared with their concentrations in benthic invertebrates to demonstrate the ability to predict tissue concentrations. Good agreement was generally observed between porewater concentrations obtained in the laboratory and the in situ sampler for dioxins/furans and PCBs, implying that the sampler performed well. Lipid normalized PCDD/Fs were better estimated in the current study from porewater and river water for the majority of the congeners.

This note provides initial information on the development of a computerized data base concerning dioxin and polychlorinated furans in aquatic media including sediments, animals, and bioassay results. The ultimate goal of compiling this data is to provide Corps elements with numerical and descriptive guidance so sediment, tissue, and bioassay results concerning dioxins and polychlorinated furans in the environment can be related to the potential for biological and environmental effects. -BKA

This note provides initial information on the development of a computerized data base concerning dioxin and polychlorinated furans in aquatic media including sediments, animals, and bioassay results. The ultimate goal of compiling this data is to provide Corps elements with numerical and descriptive guidance so sediment, tissue, and bioassay results concerning dioxins and polychlorinated furans in the environment can be related to the potential for biological and environmental effects. -BKA

This article is from Environmental Health , volume 10 . Abstract Background: The present study assessed the temporal trend in serum concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls (PCBs) among residents of a Russian town where levels of these chemicals are elevated due to prior industrial activity. Methods: Two serum samples were collected from eight adult women (in 2000 and 2009), and analyzed with gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Results: The average total toxic equivalency (TEQ) decreased by 30% (from 36 to 25 pg/g lipid), and the average sum of PCB congeners decreased by 19% (from 291 to 211 ng/g lipid). Total TEQs decreased for seven of the eight women, and the sum of PCBs decreased for six of eight women. During this nine year period, larger decreases in serum TEQs and PCBs were found in women with greater increases in body mass index. Conclusions: This study provides suggestive evidence that average serum concentrations of dioxins, furans, and PCBs are decreasing over time among residents of this town.

This article is from Environmental Health , volume 10 . Abstract Background: The present study assessed the temporal trend in serum concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls (PCBs) among residents of a Russian town where levels of these chemicals are elevated due to prior industrial activity. Methods: Two serum samples were collected from eight adult women (in 2000 and 2009), and analyzed with gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Results: The average total toxic equivalency (TEQ) decreased by 30% (from 36 to 25 pg/g lipid), and the average sum of PCB congeners decreased by 19% (from 291 to 211 ng/g lipid). Total TEQs decreased for seven of the eight women, and the sum of PCBs decreased for six of eight women. During this nine year period, larger decreases in serum TEQs and PCBs were found in women with greater increases in body mass index. Conclusions: This study provides suggestive evidence that average serum concentrations of dioxins, furans, and PCBs are decreasing over time among residents of this town.

This article is from Environmental Health , volume 10 . Abstract Background: The present study assessed the temporal trend in serum concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls (PCBs) among residents of a Russian town where levels of these chemicals are elevated due to prior industrial activity. Methods: Two serum samples were collected from eight adult women (in 2000 and 2009), and analyzed with gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Results: The average total toxic equivalency (TEQ) decreased by 30% (from 36 to 25 pg/g lipid), and the average sum of PCB congeners decreased by 19% (from 291 to 211 ng/g lipid). Total TEQs decreased for seven of the eight women, and the sum of PCBs decreased for six of eight women. During this nine year period, larger decreases in serum TEQs and PCBs were found in women with greater increases in body mass index. Conclusions: This study provides suggestive evidence that average serum concentrations of dioxins, furans, and PCBs are decreasing over time among residents of this town.

This article is from Environmental Health , volume 10 . Abstract Background: The present study assessed the temporal trend in serum concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls (PCBs) among residents of a Russian town where levels of these chemicals are elevated due to prior industrial activity. Methods: Two serum samples were collected from eight adult women (in 2000 and 2009), and analyzed with gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Results: The average total toxic equivalency (TEQ) decreased by 30% (from 36 to 25 pg/g lipid), and the average sum of PCB congeners decreased by 19% (from 291 to 211 ng/g lipid). Total TEQs decreased for seven of the eight women, and the sum of PCBs decreased for six of eight women. During this nine year period, larger decreases in serum TEQs and PCBs were found in women with greater increases in body mass index. Conclusions: This study provides suggestive evidence that average serum concentrations of dioxins, furans, and PCBs are decreasing over time among residents of this town.