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The use of nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) 1 and nuclear electric propulsion (NEP) 2 systems on deep\nspace science missions to the outer planets and into the interstellar medium 3 can yield significant spacecraft\nsystem and mission performance benefits and improvements relative to the use of conventional chemical\npropulsion systems. Several recent and ongoing programs are developing the technologies and systems\nrequired to realize a near-term deep space nuclear propulsion capability.\n\nNTP provides improved propulsion efficiencies compared to chemical propulsion, while also providing\nsubstantial thrust. This combination of high thrust and increased specific impulse (I_sp) provides high\nacceleration and extended thrusting periods, enabling greatly reduced trip-times on certain types of\nmissions compared to various propulsive alternatives. For examples, compared to a baseline mission using\nchemical propulsion, NTP-powered missions to Jupiter or Uranus could deliver approximately 2.4-3.6 times\nmore payload (in the case of Jupiter, the payload delivery is significantly larger than the Juno spacecraft).\nIn this comparison, the higher end of the payload advantage is obtained when the trip time is held equal for\nthe NTP-powered vehicle and a vehicle using a chemical propulsion departure stage.\n\nNTP systems are presently under development by multiple government agencies. NASA’s Space Nuclear\nPropulsion (SNP) project aims to demonstrate a hydrogen-fed NTP engine at 900 s specific impulse (I_sp)\nand approximately 10-15 klb_f of thrust. DARPA’s Demonstration Rocket for Agile Cislunar Operations\n(DRACO) program is targeting a demonstration of an NTP system in the cislunar space between the Earth\nand the Moon. An appropriately phased development plan that applies the development of the reactor\ntechnology for an NTP engine in this performance class and leverages mature, existing liquid rocket\ncomponent hardware provides a path to a lower cost propulsion system that can be realized on a shorter\ndevelopment schedule.\n\nNEP, with high Isp in the 2,000-8,000 s range, can also provide advantages over chemical propulsion,\nincluding a much greater payload delivery mass and the flexibility for planners to trade between delivered\nmass and a wider window of mission trajectory options. Electric propulsion (EP) systems have\ndemonstrated great utility, performing notably on the Dawn mission to enable rendezvous and orbital\ninsertion at two separate bodies, Vesta and Ceres. An NEP-powered vehicle would have a similar capability\nto visit multiple bodies, loitering at each before moving to the next. A 10 kW_e NEP system provides a power-\nrich environment on the spacecraft that is simply not possible using present radioisotope power systems,\ngiving mission planners more scientific instrument and communication hardware options.\n\nSeveral programs and projects are presently developing NEP systems and subsystems in the 10 kW_e power\nrange, leveraging past reactor work and recent nuclear power generation risk-reduction demonstration\nactivities such as the Demonstration Using Flattop Fission (DUFF) and the Kilopower Reactor Using Stirling\nTechnologY (KRUSTY). The goal of the Air Force Research Laboratory’s Joint Energy Technology\nSupplying On-Orbit Nuclear Power (JETSON) program is an in-space demonstration vehicle that has a 10\nkW_e -class fission power source. These past and present efforts can be combined with the ongoing\ndevelopment of 10 kW_e -class electric propulsion systems (notably the NEXT-C ion thruster or the Hall-effect\nthrusters for Power and Propulsion Element of the Lunar Gateway) to provide a pathway to a low-cost,\nreliable NEP system for deep space science application.

Space Exploration

NASA - 77M prototype hall thruster built under the High Voltage Hall accelerator development project funded by the Science Mission Directorate ; potential use is propulsion for deep space science missions

NASA - 77M prototype hall thruster built under the High Voltage Hall accelerator development project funded by the Science Mission Directorate ; potential use is propulsion for deep space science missions

Formalized technical reporting is described and indexed, which resulted from scientific and engineering work performed, or managed, by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The five classes of publications included are technical reports, technical memorandums, articles from the bimonthly Deep Space Network Progress Report, special publications, and articles published in the open literature. The publications are indexed by author, subject, and publication type and number.

The Deep Space Network (DSN), managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for NASA, must maintain time and frequency within specified limits in order to accurately track the spacecraft engaged in deep space exploration. Various methods are used to coordinate the clocks among the three tracking complexes. These methods include Loran-C, TV Line 10, Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), and the Global Positioning System (GPS). Calculations are made to obtain frequency offsets and Allan variances. These data are analyzed and used to monitor the performance of the hydrogen masers that provide the reference frequencies for the DSN Frequency and Timing System (DFT). Areas of discussion are: (1) a brief history of the GPS timing receivers in the DSN, (2) a description of the data and information flow, (3) data on the performance of the DSN master clocks and GPS measurement system, and (4) a description of hydrogen maser frequency steering using these data.

The historical background and characteristics of the experimental flights of ion propulsion systems and the major ground-based technology demonstrations are reviewed. The results of the first successful ion engine flight in 1964, Space Electric Rocket Test (SERT) I, which demonstrated ion beam neutralization, are discussed along with the extended operation of SERT II starting in 1970. These results together with the technologies employed on the early cesium engine flights, the applications technology satellite series, and the ground-test demonstrations, have provided the evolutionary path for the development of xenon ion thruster component technologies, control systems, and power circuit implementations. In the 1997-1999 period, the communication satellite flights using ion engine systems and the Deep Space 1 flight confirmed that these auxiliary and primary propulsion systems have advanced to a high level of flight readiness.

The historical background and characteristics of the experimental flights of ion propulsion systems and the major ground-based technology demonstrations were reviewed. The results of the first successful ion engine flight in 1964, SERT I which demonstrated ion beam neutralization, are discussed along with the extended operation of SERT II starting in 1970. These results together with the technology employed on the early cesium engine flights. the Applications Technology Satellite (ATS) series, and the ground-test demonstrations, have provided the evolutionary path for the development of xenon ion thruster component technologies, control systems, and power circuit implementations. In the 1997-1999 period, the communication satellite flights using ion engine systems and the Deep Space I flight confirmed that these auxiliary and primary propulsion systems have advanced to a high-level of flight-readiness.

NASA - 77M prototype hall thruster built under the High Voltage Hall accelerator development project funded by the Science Mission Directorate ; potential use is propulsion for deep space science missions

NASA s Evolutionary Xenon Thruster (NEXT) project is developing next generation ion propulsion technologies to enhance the performance and lower the costs of future NASA space science missions. This is being accomplished by producing Engineering Model (EM) and Prototype Model (PM) components, validating these via qualification-level and integrated system testing, and preparing the transition of NEXT technologies to flight system development. The project is currently completing one of the final milestones of the effort, that is operation of an integrated NEXT Ion Propulsion System (IPS) in a simulated space environment. This test will advance the NEXT system to a NASA Technology Readiness Level (TRL) of 6 (i.e., operation of a prototypical system in a representative environment), and will confirm its readiness for flight. Besides its promise for upcoming NASA science missions, NEXT may have excellent potential for future commercial and international spacecraft applications.

Power limited, low-thrust trajectories were assessed for missions to Jupiter, Saturn, and Neptune utilizing a single Venus Gravity Assist (VGA) and a primary propulsion system based on either a 3-kW high voltage Hall thruster, of the type being developed by the NASA In-Space Propulsion Technology Program, or an 8-kW variant of this thruster. These Hall thrusters operate with specific impulses below 3,000 seconds. A trade study was conducted to examine mission parameters that include: net delivered mass (NDM), beginning-of-life (BOL) solar array power, heliocentric transfer time, required launch vehicle, number of operating thrusters, and throttle profile. The top performing spacecraft configuration was defined to be the one that delivered the highest mass for a range of transfer times. In order to evaluate the potential future benefit of using next generation Hall thrusters as the primary propulsion system, comparisons were made with the advanced state-of-the-art (ASOA), 7-kW, 4,100 second NASA's Evolutionary Xenon Thruster (NEXT) for the same mission scenarios. For the BOL array powers considered in this study (less than 30 kW), the results show that the performance of the Hall thrusters, relative to NEXT, is largely dependant on the performance capability of the launch vehicle, and that at least a 10 percent performance gain, equating to at least an additional 200 kg dry mass at each target planet, is achieved over the higher specific impulse NEXT when launched on an Atlas 551.

NASA - 77M prototype hall thruster built under the High Voltage Hall accelerator development project funded by the Science Mission Directorate ; potential use is propulsion for deep space science missions

NASA - 77M prototype hall thruster built under the High Voltage Hall accelerator development project funded by the Science Mission Directorate ; potential use is propulsion for deep space science missions

The Deep Space Network (DSN), managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory for NASA, must maintain time and frequency within specified limits in order to accurately track the spacecraft engaged in deep space exploration. The DSN has three tracking complexes, located approximately equidistantly around the earth. Various methods are used to coordinate the clocks among the three complexes. These methods include Loran-C, TV Line 10, Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), and the Global Positioning System (GPS). The GPS is becoming increasingly important because of the accuracy, precision, and rapid availability of the data; GPS receivers have been installed at each of the DSN complexes and are used to obtain daily time offsets between the master clock at each site and LTC (USNO/NBS). Calculations are made to obtain frequency offsets and Allan variances. These data are analyzed and used to monitor the performance of the hydrogen masers that provide the reference frequencies for the DSN Frequency and Timing System (DFT). This paper contains: (1) a brief history of the GPS timing receivers in the DSN, (2) a description of the data and information flow, (3) data on the performance of the DSN master clocks and GPS measurement system, and (4) a description of hydrogen maser frequency steering using these data.

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory's Deep Space Network (DSN) consists of three tracking stations located in California, Australia, and Spain, each with two hydrogen maser clocks as the time and frequency standard. Close coordination of the time and frequency of the station clocks is needed to navigate spacecraft to the outer planets. A recent example was the Voyager spacecraft's encounter with the planet Uranus in January 1986. The clocks were adjusted with the goal of minimizing the time and frequency offsets between the sites at encounter. This paper describes how the time and frequency at each complex is estimated using data acquired from Global Positioning System Timing Receivers operating on the NBS/BIH (National Bureau of Standards/Bureau International de 1'Heure) tracking schedule. These data are combined with other available timing receiver data to calculate the time offset estimates. The adjustment of the clocks is described. It was determined that the long range hydrogen maser drift is quite predictable and adjustable within limits. This enables one to minimize time and frequency differences between the three sites for many months by matching the drift rates of the three standards. The paper will describe the data acquisition and processing techniques using a Kalman filter to make estimates of time and frequency offsets between the clocks at the sites and UTC(NBS)[Coordinated Universal Time realized at NBS].

NASA - 77M prototype hall thruster built under the High Voltage Hall accelerator development project funded by the Science Mission Directorate ; potential use is propulsion for deep space science missions

Several low-cost solar sail technology demonstrator missions are under development in the United States. However, the mass saving derived benefits that composites can offer to such a mass critical spacecraft architecture have not been realized yet. This is due to the lack of suitable composite booms that can fit inside CubeSat platforms and ultimately be readily scalable to much larger sizes, where they can fully optimize their use. With this aim, a new effort focused at developing scalable rollable composite booms for solar sails and other deployable structures has begun. Seven meter booms used to deploy a 90 m2 class solar sail that can fit inside a 6U CubeSat have already been developed. The NASA road map to low-cost solar sail capability demonstration envisioned, consists of increasing the size of these composite booms to enable sailcrafts with a reflective area of up to 2000 m2 housed aboard small satellite platforms. This paper presents a solar sail system initially conceived to serve as a risk reduction alternative to Near Earth Asteroid (NEA) Scout's baseline design but that has recently been slightly redesigned and proposed for follow-on missions. The features of the booms and various deployment mechanisms for the booms and sail, as well as ground support equipment used during testing, are introduced. The results of structural analyses predict the performance of the system under microgravity conditions. Finally, the results of the functional and environmental testing campaign carried out are shown.

To world-wide notice, in 2002 the ATHENA collaboration at CERN (in Geneva, Switzerland) announced the creation of order 100,000 low energy antihydrogen atoms. Thus, the concept of using condensed antihydrogen as a low-weight, powerful fuel (i.e., it produces a thousand times more energy per unit weight of fuel than fission/fusion) for very deep space missions (the Oort cloud and beyond) had reached the realm of conceivability. We briefly discuss the history of antimatter research and focus on the technologies that must be developed to allow a future use of controlled, condensed antihydrogen for propulsion purposes. We emphasize that a dedicated antiproton source (the main barrier to copious antihydrogen production) must be built in the US, perhaps as a joint NASA/DOE/NIH project. This is because the only practical sources in the world are at CERN and the proposed facility at GSI in Germany. We outline the scope and magnitude of such a dedicated national facility and identify critical project milestones. We estimate that, starting with the present level of knowledge and multi-agency support, the goal of using antihydrogen for propulsion purposes may be accomplished in ~50 years.

NASA - 77M prototype hall thruster built under the High Voltage Hall accelerator development project funded by the Science Mission Directorate ; potential use is propulsion for deep space science missions

NASA - 77M prototype hall thruster built under the High Voltage Hall accelerator development project funded by the Science Mission Directorate ; potential use is propulsion for deep space science missions

This analytical study looks at the importance of Deep Space Operations and recommends an approach for senior policy leaders. Section 1 presents a capability requirements definition with candidate solutions and technology strategies. Section 2 recommends an acquisition and organizational approach. Section 3 provides an extended strategic rationale for deep space operations as a national priority.

This analytical study looks at the importance of Deep Space Operations and recommends an approach for senior policy leaders. Section 1 presents a capability requirements definition with candidate solutions and technology strategies. Section 2 recommends an acquisition and organizational approach. Section 3 provides an extended strategic rationale for deep space operations as a national priority.

Equations and charts are presented that permit rapid estimation of propulsion-system performance requirements for some typical deep-space missions. A number of advanced propulsion concepts for which performance estimates are available are compared with respect to their capability for flyby, rendezvous, and roundtrip planetary missions. Based on these estimates, the gas-core nuclear fission rocket and the pulsed fusion rocket yield the fastest trip times to the near planets. For round trips to Jupiter and beyond, the controlled fusion rocket shows progressively superior capabilities. Several propulsion concepts based on use of impinging laser beams are found to be noncompetitive with the other advanced concepts for deep space missions. Requirements for attainment of interstellar distances within a human lifetime are found to be some orders of magnitude beyond the capabilities of any propulsion concepts for which performance estimates are now possible.

Electric Propulsion (EP) has found widespread acceptance by commercial satellite providers for on-orbit station keeping due to the total life cycle cost advantages these systems offer. NASA has also sought to benefit from the use of EP for primary propulsion onboard the Deep Space-1 and DAWN spacecraft. These applications utilized EP systems based on gridded ion thrusters, which offer performance unequaled by other electric propulsion thrusters. Through the In-Space Propulsion Project, a lower cost thruster technology is currently under development designed to make electric propulsion intended for primary propulsion applications cost competitive with chemical propulsion systems. The basis for this new technology is a very reliable electric propulsion thruster called the Hall thruster. Hall thrusters, which have been flown by the Russians dating back to the 1970s, have been used by the Europeans on the SMART-1 lunar orbiter and currently employed by 15 other geostationary spacecraft. Since the inception of the Hall thruster, over 100 of these devices have been used with no known failures. This paper describes the latest accomplishments of a development task that seeks to improve Hall thruster technology by increasing its specific impulse, throttle-ability, and lifetime to make this type of electric propulsion thruster applicable to NASA deep space science missions. In addition to discussing recent progress on this task, this paper describes the performance and cost benefits projected to result from the use of advanced Hall thrusters for deep space science missions.

The use of nuclear thermal propulsion (NTP) 1 and nuclear electric propulsion (NEP) 2 systems on deep\nspace science missions to the outer planets and into the interstellar medium 3 can yield significant spacecraft\nsystem and mission performance benefits and improvements relative to the use of conventional chemical\npropulsion systems. Several recent and ongoing programs are developing the technologies and systems\nrequired to realize a near-term deep space nuclear propulsion capability.\n\nNTP provides improved propulsion efficiencies compared to chemical propulsion, while also providing\nsubstantial thrust. This combination of high thrust and increased specific impulse (I_sp) provides high\nacceleration and extended thrusting periods, enabling greatly reduced trip-times on certain types of\nmissions compared to various propulsive alternatives. For examples, compared to a baseline mission using\nchemical propulsion, NTP-powered missions to Jupiter or Uranus could deliver approximately 2.4-3.6 times\nmore payload (in the case of Jupiter, the payload delivery is significantly larger than the Juno spacecraft).\nIn this comparison, the higher end of the payload advantage is obtained when the trip time is held equal for\nthe NTP-powered vehicle and a vehicle using a chemical propulsion departure stage.\n\nNTP systems are presently under development by multiple government agencies. NASA’s Space Nuclear\nPropulsion (SNP) project aims to demonstrate a hydrogen-fed NTP engine at 900 s specific impulse (I_sp)\nand approximately 10-15 klb_f of thrust. DARPA’s Demonstration Rocket for Agile Cislunar Operations\n(DRACO) program is targeting a demonstration of an NTP system in the cislunar space between the Earth\nand the Moon. An appropriately phased development plan that applies the development of the reactor\ntechnology for an NTP engine in this performance class and leverages mature, existing liquid rocket\ncomponent hardware provides a path to a lower cost propulsion system that can be realized on a shorter\ndevelopment schedule.\n\nNEP, with high Isp in the 2,000-8,000 s range, can also provide advantages over chemical propulsion,\nincluding a much greater payload delivery mass and the flexibility for planners to trade between delivered\nmass and a wider window of mission trajectory options. Electric propulsion (EP) systems have\ndemonstrated great utility, performing notably on the Dawn mission to enable rendezvous and orbital\ninsertion at two separate bodies, Vesta and Ceres. An NEP-powered vehicle would have a similar capability\nto visit multiple bodies, loitering at each before moving to the next. A 10 kW_e NEP system provides a power-\nrich environment on the spacecraft that is simply not possible using present radioisotope power systems,\ngiving mission planners more scientific instrument and communication hardware options.\n\nSeveral programs and projects are presently developing NEP systems and subsystems in the 10 kW_e power\nrange, leveraging past reactor work and recent nuclear power generation risk-reduction demonstration\nactivities such as the Demonstration Using Flattop Fission (DUFF) and the Kilopower Reactor Using Stirling\nTechnologY (KRUSTY). The goal of the Air Force Research Laboratory’s Joint Energy Technology\nSupplying On-Orbit Nuclear Power (JETSON) program is an in-space demonstration vehicle that has a 10\nkW_e -class fission power source. These past and present efforts can be combined with the ongoing\ndevelopment of 10 kW_e -class electric propulsion systems (notably the NEXT-C ion thruster or the Hall-effect\nthrusters for Power and Propulsion Element of the Lunar Gateway) to provide a pathway to a low-cost,\nreliable NEP system for deep space science application.\n\n

The historical background and characteristics of the experimental flights of ion propulsion systems and the major ground-based technology demonstrations are reviewed. The results of the first successful ion engine flight in 1964, Space Electric Rocket Test (SERT) I, which demonstrated ion beam neutralization, are discussed along with the extended operation of SERT II starting in 1970. These results together with the technologies employed on the early cesium engine flights, the applications technology satellite series, and the ground-test demonstrations, have provided the evolutionary path for the development of xenon ion thruster component technologies, control systems, and power circuit implementations. In the 1997-1999 period, the communication satellite flights using ion engine systems and the Deep Space 1 flight confirmed that these auxiliary and primary propulsion systems have advanced to a high level of flight readiness.

This analytical study looks at the importance of Deep Space Operations and recommends an approach for senior policy leaders. Section 1 presents a capability requirements definition with candidate solutions and technology strategies. Section 2 recommends an acquisition and organizational approach. Section 3 provides an extended strategic rationale for deep space operations as a national priority.

Madame Butterfly is the story of the young Japanese girl Cho-Cho San, who marries a flighty American naval officer, and is thenceforth outcast from her relatives. Anxiously she awaits the return of her beloved husband, but when he finally anchors in the harbour, Cho-Cho San does not get the happy ending she was hoping for.<br><br> This short story by John Luther Long has inspired Giacomo Puccini to write the opera of the same name. (Introduction by Availle)

2English Literature: Its History and Its Significance for the Life of the English Speaking World

By William J. Long

This book, which presents the whole splendid history of English literature from Anglo-Saxon times to the close of the Victorian Era, has three specific aims. The first is to create or to encourage in every student the desire to read the best books, and to know literature itself rather than what has been written about literature. The second is to interpret literature both personally and historically, that is, to show how a great book generally reflects not only the author's life and thought but also the spirit of the age and the ideals of the nation's history. The third aim is to show, by a study of each successive period, how our literature has steadily developed from its first simple songs and stories to its present complexity in prose and poetry. (From the Preface by William J. Long)

3Ways of Wood Folk

By William J. Long

Late nineteenth-century naturalist William J. Long invites us in to the secret worlds of the woodland animals. Containing Long's own animal observations along with stories related to him by other humans who inhabit the woods, these stories give us an insight into the behavior of wild animals as they go about their lives in their own secret places deep in the forests of eastern North America. Although Long was accused in his day of anthropomorphizing the animals he wrote about, readers who are familiar with any of the animals he writes of will have glimpses of recognition at behaviors they have seen for themselves and explore the deeper meanings these actions have in that animal's life. The stories will paint pictures in your imagination that will stay with you long after the book has ended. (Summary by Jill Engle.)

An authorized biography of D.W. Griffith, the self-proclaimed "Father of Filmmaking." Written in collaboration with the director, Robert Edgar Long's biographical sketch traces Griffith's early life, his career as an actor and stage director, his rise as one of Biograph's most acclaimed and innovative filmmakers, and the making of his revolutionary (and controversial) full-length films: <i>The Birth of a Nation, Intolerance, Broken Blossoms,</i> and other cinema classics. Summary by ChuckW.

<i>Save the Girls</i> is an 1880 American anti-white-slavery book by reformed gambler Mason Long. In it, the author crusades against the social evil of prostitution by presenting a series of pathetic portraits of young women from various social classes who are brought low by such temptations of city life as the theater, the racecourse, and street flirtations. Included are vignettes of vice like "The Evils of Dancing - Sad Results of a Public Ball," in which innocent Marie, out for a good time, falls prey to the type of 'sporting men' who prowl such events in search of a partner for more than just The Glide or the Boston Dip. - Summary by Grant Hurlock

6Wilderness Ways

By William J. Long

Late nineteenth-century naturalist William J. Long invites us into the secret worlds of woodland animals in this, his second, fascinating book. Long's stories of the secret lives of woodland animals come from time he spent in the woods, observing the behaviors and characteristics of the wilderness inhabitants directly. His method? Sit quietly, wait (sometimes for hours), and the animals will come. This book, unlike his first, Ways of Wood Folk, seems to be directed at his critics who accused him of assigning human emotions and intentions to the animals he profiles in his writings; Wilderness Ways very deliberately tells the unvarnished truth about animal behaviors, both tender caring and vicious murder are illustrated herein. Wilderness Ways opens up the hidden world of its woodland subjects with beautiful imagery and descriptive prose which is accessible enough for a child to read while at the same time engaging for readers of all ages. Be transported into Long's hidden wilderness world. (Summary by Jill Engle)

7Secrets of the Woods

By William J. Long

The unique merit of this nature student rests in his fascinating style of writing, which invariably interests young and old; for without this element his pioneer work in the realm of nature would now be familiar only to scientists, introducing people everywhere into the wonderland of nature hitherto entirely closed to all.<br /><br /> This is another chapter in the shy, wild life of the fields and woods. Little Toohkees, the wood mouse that dies of fright in the author’s hand; the mother otter, Keeonekh, teaching her little ones to swim; and the little red squirrel with his many curious habits,—all are presented with the same liveliness and color that characterize the descriptions in the first two volumes. The stories are unusually accurate in portraying animal life as it really exists in its native haunts.<br /><br /> Containing many details of the lives of animals that you may never have known of before, these wilderness stories are great listening for young and old. (Summary by Wood Folk at School advertisement and Kangaroo692)

8Wood Folk at School

By William J. Long

The unique merit of this nature student rests in his fascinating style of writing, which invariably interests young and old; for without this element his pioneer work in the realm of nature would now be familiar only to scientists.<br /><br /> The title of this book suggests the central thought about which the author has grouped some of his most fascinating animal studies. To him "summer wilderness is one vast schoolroom in which a multitude of wise, patient mothers are teaching their little ones the things they must know in order to hold their place in the world and escape unharmed from a hundred dangers." This unique book is a pleasure to read for young and old. - Summary by Wood Folk at School advertisement and Kangaroo692

<b>Some Life Studies of Animal Instincts and Animal Training</b><br /><br /> This is the third book in the Wood Folk series by William J. Long, where he masterfully recreates animal life studies he observed while in the woods. He writes of the secrets of animals and birds while using their lovely, Milicete Indian names, such as Meeko and Mooween. - Summary by Maggie Travers

10Little Brother to the Bear

By William J. Long

William J. Long again introduces us to some of the Wood Folk and their stories of living based on his own observations in the woods. In this volume, Mooweesuk the Coon is called the bear's little brother because he so often resembles the "big prowler in the black coat." Also included are chapters on the woodcock, the wildcat, the toad, and many other animals. He likewise includes a chapter on "animal surgery" that describes some ways animals treat their wounds and a chapter on "Hunting without a Gun", which is based on following large animals and observing them. Long's books are great for children and adults alike! - Summary by Maggie Travers<br><br>Dedicated proof-listeners: Elijah & DaveC

11Northern Trails, Book 1

By William J. Long

"In the original preface to "Northern Trails" the author stated that, with the solitary exception of the salmon's life in the sea after he vanishes from human sight, every incident recorded here is founded squarely upon personal and accurate observation of animal life and habits. I now repeat and emphasize that statement. Even when the observations are, for the reader's sake, put into the form of a connected story, there is not one trait or habit mentioned which is not true to animal life." -- William J. Long, from the book's preface. Northern Trails, Book I, is one of the last two books in the "Wood Folk" series by William J. Long. It has six stories, with wolves, Indians, caribou, and much more. - Summary by Kangaroo692

12Home Geography for Primary Grades

By C. C. Long

Lessons and exercises for young children, exploring map and compass, mountains and rivers, trees and flowers, wind and rain, and more. (Summary by Sarah Jennings)

The reader who follows these trails will find them leading into a new country, a land of space and silence where it is good to be, away up among the mountains and woods and salmon rivers and mossy barren grounds of Labrador and Newfoundland." Indeed, reading Long's keen observations about animals and their behavior transports the reader into a land of nature, space and silence. - Summary by William J. Long, from Preface, and kathrinee.

14Hemlock Avenue Mystery

By Lily A. Long

"The Hemlock Avenue Mystery" is one of a series of mysteries written by Lily Augusta Long using the pseudonym Roman Doubleday. <br><br> A lawyer is accused of killing a rival lawyer, both having battled in court on numerous occasions. A newspaper reporter following the case is bent on determining the facts behind the murder. As it happens, there are two women also suspected of participating in the crime, and a third who was apparently utterly unconscious of what had occurred. It's up to the reporter turned detective to unravel the clues, few as they are. - Summary by Roger Melin

15Mars is My Destination

By Frank Belknap Long

MARS <br><br> ... Earth's first colony in Space. Men killed for the coveted ticket that allowed them to go there. And, once there, the killing went on.... <br><br> MARS <br><br> ... Ralph Graham's goal since boyhood—and he was Mars-bound with authority that put the whole planet in his pocket—if he could live long enough to assert it! <br><br> MARS <br><br> ... source of incalculable wealth for humanity—and deadly danger for those who tried to get it! <br><br> MARS <br><br> ... in Earth's night sky, a symbol of the god of war—in this tense novel of the future, a vivid setting for stirring action! - From the Book Blurb

A pleasant kind of fantasy set in Japan concerning a woman and a prince. - Summary by KevinS

Ripped from the pages of legendary magazine Weird Tales comes this epistolary novelette of unspeakable, oozing horror! In this bizarre tale of mad science gone awry, we experience through the eyes of several different people a misguided man's struggle with a grotesque, tentacled monstrosity that leaves a bloody trail of slime and carnage in its wake! Proceed if you dare! (Summary by Ben Tucker)

"She'll insert the knife so delicately that the man won't feel any pain at all. Just a warm gratefulness, an intoxicating sort of happiness. Then she'll start twisting the blade back and forth... back and forth until the poor devil has been tormented beyond endurance. He'll either wrap a nylon stocking around her beautiful white throat, or something worse ... something uglier ..." Here is the story of a sadistic woman, and the warped lives of those who loved... and hated her. Fred Ellers, the Pulitzer Prize winning writer who was corrupted by fame... Joe Fenton, who considered crime a fascinating sort of disease, and police work a scientific game... Ruth Porges, who was caught in the most vicious of all triangles... A brand-new tale of New York City's Nightmare Zone, by one of the greatest craftsmen of suspense, Frank Long. (Summary by Back cover of the paperback edition)

"A tremendous menace closed in upon the earth from outside the solar system—a powerful story of uncanny horror." <br><br> Frank Belknap Long brings us the first work of cosmic horror within the Cthulhu Mythos not written by H. P. Lovecraft! - Summary by Weird Tales, July 1928 & Ben Tucker

20How Animals Talk: And Other Pleasant Studies of Birds and Beasts

By William J. Long

Hear about different animals and their various ways of communicating among themselves and with others! Features dogs, deer, beavers, and mallards among others! - Summary by MamaPhish and ShrimpPhish