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We are investigating the psychometrics (reliability, validity) of different behavioral decision tasks.

Purpose and Rationale： This study aims to qualitatively illuminate the clinical decision-making processes of expert nurses who routinely care for psychiatric patients with attachment difficulties rooted in child maltreatment. By mapping how these nurses recognize problems, weigh options, and act in complex clinical situations, the project seeks to generate a new, generalizable theory of nursing practice that can guide frontline clinicians working with similarly vulnerable populations. Methodology： We employ the SCAT (Steps for Coding and Theorization) method to analyze rich interview narratives (“storylines”) collected from expert nurses. SCAT’s step-wise open coding, axial coding, selective coding, and theorization procedures allow us to (1) identify key concepts, (2) clarify the relationships among those concepts, and (3) build an integrated theoretical model explaining expert judgement. Expected Outcomes： 1.Theoretical Framework – An evidence-based model that explains how expert nurses integrate patient history, attachment patterns, risk factors, and therapeutic opportunities when making decisions. 2.Practice Guidelines – Actionable guidance distilled from the framework, outlining assessment cues, prioritization strategies, and intervention pathways that non-expert nurses can adopt. 3.Educational Materials – Teaching cases and simulation scenarios derived from the data to enhance nursing curricula in mental-health and child-protection contexts. 4.Policy Implications – Recommendations for staffing, supervision, and continuing education programs that foster the development of expertise in this niche yet critical area of psychiatric nursing. Scientific and Social Contributions By translating tacit expert knowledge into explicit theory, the study enriches nursing science, strengthens evidence-based practice, and ultimately improves the quality and safety of care for individuals whose early adverse experiences complicate psychiatric treatment. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, conference presentations, and collaboration with professional bodies to influence guidelines and policy.

Decision-making shouldn't just be about algorithms. It also shouldn't be just about intuition. Incorporating both is required to make the best decisions for your career.

We will measure the influence of choice mindset influence on investment decision making. We will further examine if reward related thoughts are a better predictor of how much people want to invest in the choice, versus control condition. Further, we will examine if risk related thoughts are a better predictor of how much people want to invest in control, versus choice condition.

In the fast-paced evolution of industrial technology, selecting optimal automation systems is essential for improving operational efficiency. Traditional decision-making frameworks often fall short in addressing the complex interplay of diverse criteria, especially under conditions of uncertainty and imprecision. This research proposes a decision-making methodology that integrates dynamic exponential distance (DED) within the VIKOR (Visekriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) framework, enhanced by neutrosophic logic. This integration provides a more accurate decision-making process by revolutionizing distance calculations with exponential transformations. The DED approach amplifies differences in extreme values, enhancing the ability to distinguish between alternatives. The motivation behind this research is the growing need for a more robust decision-making framework that can better handle complex, uncertain, and contradictory information. The contributions of this research include developing the DED approach to enhance precision in distance calculations within neutrosophic environments using exponential transformations, introducing a comprehensive methodology to address uncertainty and indeterminacy in decision-making scenarios, and demonstrating the method's adaptability to real-world industrial automation challenges by improving discrimination. The comprehensive case study validates the proposed method's effectiveness, showing better discrimination between alternatives and adaptability to dynamic decision contexts. The runtime analysis highlights a balanced trade-off between computational demands and decision-making performance compared to other methods.

This study explores how linguistic differences in the grammaticalization of the future influence intertemporal decision-making. Based on the linguistic relativity hypothesis, it examines whether speakers of languages with strong future marking (e.g., English, Spanish) differ in their future-oriented behaviors compared to speakers of languages with weak future marking (e.g., German). The research builds on previous findings by Chen (2013) and Thoma & Tytus (2017), addressing methodological limitations in prior studies. Through an experimental survey conducted in Spanish, English, and German, the study aims to determine if grammatical distinctions in expressing the future shape individuals’ financial, health, and career-related choices. The results will contribute to a deeper understanding of how language influences cognitive processes involved in decision-making.

A systematic quantitative literature review of weather information use, risk perception and decision-making in southern polar regions following the Pickering and Byrne (2014) approach and PRISMA guidelines (Moher et al., 2021; Page et al., 2021).

The main aim of this study is to examine whether social norms affect decision-making differently in collective than individual settings. To investigate this, we aim to implement 9 treatments that vary whether decisions are made collectively in a group or individually. We also vary what information participants receive about the existing social norms, and we vary the presence and type of external enforcement. The full-length description and pre-registration details are provided in the attached PDF file.

Journalist and professor Marvin Kalb discuss the impact of the Vietnam War on presidential decision-making.

The McCloskey Speaker Series is a longstanding summer series of wide-ranging discussions on US public affairs issues such as leadership and decision-making, the strength of the national economy and more. Featuring distinguished speakers who have far-reaching impacts on society, the series is made possible by a generous donation from the McCloskey Family Charitable Foundation. Decision-making and Leadership: Views from the Statehouse A conversation featuring Governors John Hickenlooper of Colorado, Jay Nixon of Missouri, Jay Inslee of Washington and Peter Shumlin of Vermont on priorities, issues, and successes. Moderated by Elliot Gerson, Executive Vice President, The Aspen

The broadcast of the Central Baptist Church, SUNDAY AM, 27 FEB 2011. This morning's sermon is taught by our Pastor Dr. John Waterloo and is entitled "More Principles for Godly Decision Making".

Recent research has identified an important link between memory and social decision making. This was explored in Schaper et al. (2019; Cognition), where participants first encountered cooperative and non-cooperative partners before making cooperative decisions with the same individuals. A relationship was found between source memory (the ability to remember a partner as being a previous cooperative vs. non-cooperator) and decision making: the better the source memory, the more likely participants were to cooperate with previous cooperators, and the less likely they were to cooperate with previous non-cooperators. We intend on conducting a set of experiments exploring whether the link between memory and decision making is mediated by periods of sleep compared to wake. This is motivated by findings from the wider episodic memory literature showing sleep to have a beneficial effect on long-term memory retention (Berres & Erdfelder, 2021). Before manipulating sleep however, our first experiment (the focal point of this preregistration) aims to answer two research questions: 1) Do the findings of Schaper et al. (2019) replicate in an online setting? If the findings do replicate, we intend on manipulating sleep in a future experiment also in an online setting, which would ease recruitment times associated with large sample sizes in sleep vs. wake designs. 2) Is source memory, cooperation, and the relationship between the two influenced by time of day? Sleep vs. wake designs must often configure tasks at different times of day, introducing potential time of day confounds on results. By having half of participants complete the experiment in the morning (between 8:30 am - 10:30 am; AM group) and the other half in the evening (between 8:30 pm - 10:30 pm; PM group), we aim to investigate and rule out potential time of day effects on behaviour before conducting a sleep vs. wake experiment.

Linguistic large-scale group decision making (LGDM) problems are more and more common nowadays. In such problems a large group of decision makers are involved in the decision process and elicit linguistic information that are usually assessed in different linguistic scales with diverse granularity because of decision makers' distinct knowledge and background. To keep maximum information in initial stages of the linguistic LGDM problems, the use of multi-granular linguistic distribution assessments seems a suitable choice, however to manage such multigranular linguistic distribution assessments, it is necessary the development of a new linguistic computational approach. In this paper it is proposed a novel computational model based on the use of extended linguistic hierarchies, which not only can be used to operate with multi-granular linguistic distribution assessments, but also can provide interpretable linguistic results to decision makers. Based on this new linguistic computational model, an approach to linguistic large-scale multi-attribute group decision making is proposed and applied to a talent selection process in universities.

Audio version of a video podcast about Starcraft II, hosted by professional SC2 players and commentators. Episode 2 is dedicated to WCS EU Finals, and thoughts on the recent Heart of the Swarm Beta changes. Please visit root-gaming.com

Audio version of a video podcast about Starcraft II, hosted by professional SC2 players and commentators. Episode 2 is dedicated to WCS EU Finals, and thoughts on the recent Heart of the Swarm Beta changes. Please visit root-gaming.com

We test a 45-minute interactive online workshop to help young people identify biases in career decision-making. We test if this increases their self-reported actively open minded thinking.

Bachelor Thesis

The inclination to repeat decisions based on past rewarding experiences is an inflexible form of decision-making because it fails to adapt in novel situations where direct past experiences cannot guide decisions. Cognitive graphs, which are internal models that represent relations between prior experiences, have been used to examine how flexible decisions are made, such as making inferences and generalizing to novel contexts. Studies have found that humans are able to learn complex graph structures, such as the community structure, remember them, and use them to make decisions involving inference and generalization. However, no study has investigated how reward might alter the memory representation of and/or use of the cognitive graph to make decisions. Prior research has found that reward spreads to unrewarded items in memory in a graded manner (i.e., items closer to reward are remembered better than items further from reward), but it is unclear how reward spreads across cognitive graphs. Consequently, this study aims to investigate how reward might change the associations between experiences in memory and in turn affect decision-making.

It is often posited that humanity’s evolutionary success derives from its extraordinary capability to live in large social groups (Dunbar & Shultz, 2007; Tomasello, 2020). Thus, it is unsurprising that most of people’s interactions with the environment, both physical and social, are often facilitated through group memberships. A vast literature thus seeks to investigate the mechanisms of group behavior, particularly how groups make decisions (Bahrami et al., 2012; Bang et al., 2017; Charness & Jackson, 2009; Mahmoodi et al., 2015; Mann, 2018; Mollick & Nanda, 2016). Unfortunately, this work has tended to focus specifically on consensus-based choice where group members contribute equally to the final decision (Bahrami et al., 2012; Bose et al., 2017; Charness & Jackson, 2009; El Zein et al., 2019; Mann, 2018). In contrast, many of the decisions made at institutional levels of society depend on the individual choices made by a group representative (Landa & Pevnick, 2020), though these representatives sometimes derive their authority from group consensus. However, despite its prevalence in group structures in our daily lives, there is little work investigating the psychological implications of representative decisions (Wang et al., 2018), specifically in contrast to that of consensus-based choice (Song, 2009). Here we investigate how group-decision making may be influenced by whether it derives from a representative’s choice or a group’s consensus, specifically in the domain of risk perception. Primarily, because group representatives both have a disproportionate responsibility over the outcomes of the decisions they make and make these decisions on the behalf of others (Atanasov, 2010; Atanasov & Kunreuther, 2016; Batteux et al., 2019; Charness & Jackson, 2009; Crockett et al., 2017; El Zein et al., 2019; Mengarelli et al., 2014; Song, 2008, 2009; Wang et al., 2018), we hypothesize that representatives of groups are more likely to be risk-averse relative to individual constituents of consensus-based groups. This may mean that decisions made by representatives fail to adequately reflect the preferences of the group they represent. This work will not only further our understanding of the psychological dynamics that sustain group-based living but provide practical insight into the organization of social institutions. A notable practical example is the contemporary discourse around the merits of a representative vs. direct democratic political systems (Blick & Salter, 2021; Budge, 2006; Landa & Pevnick, 2020; Santerre, 1986).

Employment is important for reducing reoffending rates, particularly for those with a prior sexual offence conviction. This research will examine the impact of a known versus stranger victim on employment decisions using an online experimental study. Specifically, the offence type will be sexual assault of a child under 13.

It is often posited that humanity’s evolutionary success derives from its extraordinary capability to live in large social groups (Dunbar & Shultz, 2007; Tomasello, 2020). Thus, it is unsurprising that most of people’s interactions with the environment, both physical and social, are often facilitated through group memberships. A vast literature thus seeks to investigates the mechanisms of group behavior, particularly how groups make decisions (Bahrami et al., 2012; Bang et al., 2017; Charness & Jackson, 2009; Mahmoodi et al., 2015; Mann, 2018; Mollick & Nanda, 2016). Unfortunately, this work has tended to focus specifically on consensus-based choice where group members’ contribute equally to the final decision (Bahrami et al., 2012; Bose et al., 2017; Charness & Jackson, 2009; El Zein et al., 2019; Mann, 2018). In contrast, many of the decision made at institutional levels of society depend on the individual choices a representative makes (Landa & Pevnick, 2020), though these representatives may sometimes derive their authority from group consensus. However, despite its prevalence in group structures in our daily lives, there is little work investigating the psychological implications of representative decisions (Wang et al., 2018), specifically in contrast to that of consensus-based choice (Song, 2009). Here we investigate how group-decision making may be influenced by whether it derives from a representative’s choice or a group’s consensus, specifically in the domain of risk perception. Primarily, because group representatives both have a disproportionate responsibility over the outcomes of the decisions they make and make these decisions on the behalf of others (Atanasov, 2010; Atanasov & Kunreuther, 2016; Batteux et al., 2019; Charness & Jackson, 2009; Crockett et al., 2017; El Zein et al., 2019; Mengarelli et al., 2014; Song, 2008, 2009; Wang et al., 2018), we hypothesize that representatives of groups are more likely to be risk-averse relative to individual constituents of consensus-based groups. This work will not only further our understanding of the psychological dynamics that sustain group-based living but provide practical insight into the organization of social institutions. A notable practical example is the contemporary discourse around the merits of a representative vs direct democratic political system (Blick & Salter, 2021; Budge, 2006; Landa & Pevnick, 2020; Santerre, 1986).

Investigating how groups vs. individuals respond to moral dilemmas.

The process of evaluating and pursuing goals plays a significant role in important life decisions. Typically, the pursuit of goals unfolds across multiple steps, each introducing a potential risk of failure. Accurately estimating this risk is crucial for evaluating potential actions and their outcomes. While extensive research has investigated one-step decisions, risks in the real world typically compound. Further, most previous research has examined risks and delays described via text, in contrast to learning these values from experience. In the present study, we will evaluate multi-step goal-directed behavior in an environment where risks compound and where both risks and task structure must be learned from experience. Across two days, participants learn to pursue goals in two semi-circular mazes with locations marked by unique objects. After an initial free exploration period, participants engage in a goal-pursuit phase where on each trial they are assigned a start location and a goal location, receiving a reward upon successful navigation to the goal. Participants were instructed that their journey could be unexpectedly terminated according to an independent risk of failure at each maze location step. The rate of step failure was learned only via experience. To provide a measure of risk-taking, participants then face choices between a certain option and a risky goal-pursuit option, where the distance to the goal and the goal reward value were manipulated. Mood responses to outcomes will be occasionally sampled. The multi-day design allowed participants to build consolidated cognitive maps of the maze and representations of learned risk, and thus our analyses focus on day two choices. We predict that elevated depression symptoms will be associated with avoidance of uncertain goals that can be explained by an increased subjective perception of the risk of goal failure. To test whether any relationships between decision-making and individual differences are selective, we also collect behavior in separate tasks that measure risk-taking for described options, delay discounting, working memory, reward learning, and effort-based decision-making. In initial pilot data, we found that participant’s behavior (n = 97) was close to optimal (risk-neutral), such that participants discounted distant goals at close to the rate expected based on a rational calculation of cumulative risk. For example, participants valued a goal 5 steps away at close to the expected 59% discounted value. Subjective success probability ratings collected at the end of the experiment also reflected similar optimal, risk-neutral knowledge. This optimal behavior contrasts with classic findings of risk aversion in one-step risk-taking tasks with described options (which we also replicate in the same participants). Importantly, previous research based on described risks often have no link to real-world behavior. Utilizing a design with features more representative of the real world, as in this study, should be more likely to generalize to individual variability in the symptoms of mood disorders. Below, we use the term ‘risk-taking for goals’ to refer to the behavioral model parameters capturing participants’ tendency to pursue risky distant goals. In a computational model of behavior that of behavior that we call the compound risk model, increased risk-taking arises from a lower model-fit estimate of step failure probability. In an exponential or hyperbolic model, increased risk-taking arises from lower discounting of reward by compounding risk. In simple terms, this term means that higher risk-taking participants will pursue a goal worth less money than lower risk-taking participants. Below, we refer only to the estimated step failure probability from the compound risk model as parameters from this model and the exponential or hyperbolic models (r’s >0.9). Models also fit a ‘maze enter cost’ accounting for a subjective distance-independent cost, or benefit, to choosing the maze. Pilot data indicate that maze enter cost is not significantly positive at the group level, but this parameter has a high degree of individual variability. In additional model development and fitting to the complete data, we will determine the best-fit model to behavior and use the estimates from that model for individual difference analyses.

We are investigating the influence of presentation order on face identification decisions. This is the third pre-registration in this series of experiments. See pre-registration document entitled, PreReg-Intermixed_Separate-Exp3.doc, for further details

Stream of research has revealed that trust and promises are subconsciously intertwined in the decision-making processes of individuals when they interact with others.Nonetheless, less evidence is available while the congtive process of promise in driving the choice of a human to trust another human in the Drift-Diffusion Model(DDM).

Stream of research has revealed that trust and promises are subconsciously intertwined in the decision-making processes of individuals when they interact with others.Nonetheless, less evidence is available while the congtive process of promise in driving the choice of a human to trust another human in the Drift-Diffusion Model(DDM).

This study investigates gender bias in the evaluation of political candidates using a factorial survey experiment. Participants assess hypothetical candidates described by a combination of attributes (e.g., gender, age, experience, career path and marital status). The study employs three conditions: first-order beliefs (individual opinions), third-order beliefs (perceptions of others' opinions), and contextual priming (conservative vs. liberal party voters). The experiment examines how these factors interact to influence candidate evaluation and explores the extent to which gender bias manifests in political contexts. Results aim to contribute to understanding the social and cognitive mechanisms underlying gender disparities in political leadership selection.

This study investigates gender bias in the evaluation of political candidates using a factorial survey experiment. Participants assess hypothetical candidates described by a combination of attributes (e.g., gender, age, experience, career path and marital status). The study employs three conditions: first-order beliefs (individual opinions), third-order beliefs (perceptions of others' opinions), and contextual priming (conservative vs. liberal party voters). The experiment examines how these factors interact to influence candidate evaluation and explores the extent to which gender bias manifests in political contexts. Results aim to contribute to understanding the social and cognitive mechanisms underlying gender disparities in political leadership selection.

This study investigates gender bias in the evaluation of political candidates using a factorial survey experiment. Participants assess hypothetical candidates described by a combination of attributes (e.g., gender, age, experience, career path and marital status). The study employs three conditions: first-order beliefs (individual opinions), third-order beliefs (perceptions of others' opinions), and contextual priming (conservative vs. liberal party voters). The experiment examines how these factors interact to influence candidate evaluation and explores the extent to which gender bias manifests in political contexts. Results aim to contribute to understanding the social and cognitive mechanisms underlying gender disparities in political leadership selection.

This preregistration contains a brief background, hypotheses, predictions, and analysis plan for our project: Friendship and Social Decision Making in Extraordinary Altruism. See the document attached.

In this multiple-probe across dyads single-case design study, a modified version of the Talk Aloud Problem Solving (Robbins, 2014) curriculum will be used with pre-service special education teachers to improve their use of problem-solving and reasoning verbal behavior when making instructional decisions for students with disabilities.

Contemporary Issues Final Preregistration. Replication and extension of an existing study.

This study will examine how top-down emotion-oriented attention impacts the process of emotion-related perceptual decision-making. The task requires human participants to make a categorical decision regarding the overall emotion of a set of emotion expressions. Top-down attention is manipulated by instructing the participant to focus on a particular emotion. The impacts of top-down emotion-oriented attention on eye-movement pattern and decision-making behaviors will be examined.

This is a replication of Experiment 1 (https://osf.io/t82nq) with subtle changes to the experiment instructions that clarify further the nature of the tasks and decrease experiment duration. We also changed the numerical values of the trials from fixed across trials to variate across trials to increase the difficulty of the task.

This is a replication of Experiment 1 (https://osf.io/t82nq) with subtle changes to the experiment instructions that clarify further the nature of the tasks and decrease experiment duration. We also changed the numerical values of the trials from fixed across trials to variate across trials to increase the difficulty of the task.

This registration provides all raw data used to produce results for the research article for this project, as well as a codebook explaining the variables.

This registration provides all raw data used to produce results for the research article for this project, as well as a codebook explaining the variables.

This project will investigate how participants rate a defendant in a fictional case of a non-violent crime, when the defendant is either described as having Developmental Language Disorder, or not. We will examine participants' ratings of the defendant's guilt, suitable sentence length, blameworthiness, cognitive ability, likeability and honesty.

This is a pre-registration for Study 2b under the manuscript titled: "Unselfish traits and social decision-making patterns characterize six populations of real-world extraordinary altruists" using the AsPredicted pre-registration template (https://aspredicted.org/).

This is a pre-registration for Study 2b under the manuscript titled: "Unselfish traits and social decision-making patterns characterize six populations of real-world extraordinary altruists" using the AsPredicted pre-registration template (https://aspredicted.org/).

This is a pre-registration for Study 2b under the manuscript titled: "Unselfish traits and social decision-making patterns characterize six populations of real-world extraordinary altruists" using the AsPredicted pre-registration template (https://aspredicted.org/).

This is a pre-registration for Study 2b under the manuscript titled: "Unselfish traits and social decision-making patterns characterize six populations of real-world extraordinary altruists" using the AsPredicted pre-registration template (https://aspredicted.org/).

Response suppression (RS) is claimed to be an essential skill in expert decision-making performance. Higher-level athletes tend to outscore their lower-lever counterparts in RS. However, more information is needed about the mediation of the experience factor in this evidence. We want to address this issue with expert decision-makers (elite football referees).

We wil conduct a replication of Klein, N., Grossmann, I., Uskul, A. K., Kraus, A. A., & Epley, N. (2015). It pays to be nice, but not really nice: Asymmetric reputations from prosociality across 7 countries. Judgment and Decision Making, 10(4), 355–364.

Zhang et al. (2018) applied CNI model to study how chronic stress influences moral decision-making. Li et al. (2019) also applied CNI model to study how acute stress influences moral decision-making. However, the CNI model has deficits that would overestimate the agent's norm sensitivity and make the I parameter uncredible. Instead, Liu and Liao (2020) provided a CAN algorithm and overcome the limitations of CNI model. We used CAN algorithm to reanalyse the data of the above two studies and aim to correct the conclusions.

Zhang et al. (2018) applied CNI model to study how chronic stress influences moral decision-making. Li et al. (2019) also applied CNI model to study how acute stress influences moral decision-making. However, the CNI model has deficits that would overestimate the agent's norm sensitivity and make the I parameter uncredible. Instead, Liu and Liao (2020) provided a CAN algorithm and overcome the limitations of CNI model. We used CAN algorithm to reanalyse the data of the above two studies and aim to correct the conclusions.

Zhang et al. (2018) applied CNI model to study how chronic stress influences moral decision-making. Li et al. (2019) also applied CNI model to study how acute stress influences moral decision-making. However, the CNI model has deficits that would overestimate the agent's norm sensitivity and make the I parameter uncredible. Instead, Liu and Liao (2020) provided a CAN algorithm and overcome the limitations of CNI model. We used CAN algorithm to reanalyse the data of the above two studies and aim to correct the conclusions.

With the application of advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) technologies, conversational agents are becoming increasingly prevalent in real life. Notwithstanding how rapidly these agents are developed and employed in our daily affairs, there is still a lack of research examining the media effects in the direction of persuasive communication. In this regard, the following research aims to bring insights to future studies which focus on the persuasive effects of message wording and psychological traits of conversational agents. It investigates the effects of a representative form of conversational agents, chatbots, on consumer decision-making in the context of leisure consumption from the perspective of consumer psychology. This project is thus a preregistration for the research. An online experiment with 2x2 between-subjects factorial design is conducted among students aged between 16 and 29 at the University of Amsterdam (UvA). The experiment measures how different types of decisional guidance (suggestive vs. informative) given by a chatbot influences consumers’ purchase intention towards the products and services that are mentioned in the chatbot messages. Furthermore, the moderation role of consumer scepticism (high-level vs. low-level) towards chatbots in the effect is studied.

Social psychology finds that people think about, and treat, others differently, depending on whether they are in their in-group or out-group. Less is known about whether we judge the actions and intentions of in-group members better than the same actions taken by those in out-groups. Participants will be given a variety of scenarios written as news stories, which present certain actors as members of their in-group or out-group. There will also be neutral versions, in which group membership is ambiguous. Groupings are varied across scenarios basis of race, nationality, college, or politics. We already have data from an initial study involving slightly different scenarios. This study was not registered, but the full data set is available at https://osf.io/5tuqz/ . Briefly, we found that people often do judge actions to be more morally acceptable or permissible if undertaken by an in-group member. However, there were fewer differences in judging the motives behind the actions of other in-group or out-group members.

The current project aims to explore the potential effect of rewarding experiences on false memory and later value-based decisions.