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“36. Python Objects And Data Structures Assessment Test Solutions” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  36. Python Objects And Data Structures Assessment Test Solutions

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: ➤  36.pythonobjectsanddatastructuresassessmenttestsolutions

“Arrays 8 | Data Structures | Adda 247 |” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Arrays 8 | Data Structures | Adda 247 |
• Author: Fall Dudes
• Language: English

“Arrays 8 | Data Structures | Adda 247 |” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: Adda 247 - Data Structures - Arrays

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: 8_20240501_202405

“Graphics For Chemical Structures : Integration With Text And Data” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Graphics For Chemical Structures : Integration With Text And Data
• Language: English

“Graphics For Chemical Structures : Integration With Text And Data” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Chemical structure -- Data processing -- Congresses - Computer graphics -- Congresses

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: graphicsforchemi0000unse

“Dec :: Pdp11 :: Rsx11 :: OS InternalsCourse 1983 :: EY-CC126-PS-001 RSX-11M Operating System Internals Data Structures Jul82” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Dec :: Pdp11 :: Rsx11 :: OS InternalsCourse 1983 :: EY-CC126-PS-001 RSX-11M Operating System Internals Data Structures Jul82
• Language: English

“Dec :: Pdp11 :: Rsx11 :: OS InternalsCourse 1983 :: EY-CC126-PS-001 RSX-11M Operating System Internals Data Structures Jul82” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  block - task - device - partition - mask - structures - lists - address - data - figure - data structures - control block - bit mask - status word - access denied - lists bit - error message - message block - window block - event flag

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: ➤  bitsavers_decpdp11rse1983EYCC126PS001RSX11MOperatingSystemIn_1148026

“NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) 19860014115: Lightning Protection Guidelines And Test Data For Adhesively Bonded Aircraft Structures” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) 19860014115: Lightning Protection Guidelines And Test Data For Adhesively Bonded Aircraft Structures
• Author: ➤  NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
• Language: English

“NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) 19860014115: Lightning Protection Guidelines And Test Data For Adhesively Bonded Aircraft Structures” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS) - ADHESIVE BONDING - AIRCRAFT SAFETY - AIRCRAFT STRUCTURES - ATMOSPHERIC ELECTRICITY - COMPOSITE MATERIALS - GENERAL AVIATION AIRCRAFT - HAZARDS - LIGHTNING - METAL-METAL BONDING - ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES - FATIGUE LIFE - FUEL SYSTEMS - SPARKS - Pryzby, J. E. - Plumer, J. A.

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: NASA_NTRS_Archive_19860014115

“Tmp_9634-tmp_6508-Data-Structures-and-Algorithms-in-Java-6th-Edition-2014726290917726290917” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Tmp_9634-tmp_6508-Data-Structures-and-Algorithms-in-Java-6th-Edition-2014726290917726290917
• Language: English

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: ➤  tmp_9634-tmp_6508-Data-Structures-and-Algorithms-in-Java-6th-Edition-2014726290917726290917

“Episode 434: Steven Skiena On Preparing For The Data Structures And Algorithm Job Interview” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Episode 434: Steven Skiena On Preparing For The Data Structures And Algorithm Job Interview
• Author: Software Engineering Radio

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: ➤  fcdz4ckuaefdcjpm1vaybqrz0piq14m0rpgk371t

“MzGroupAnalyzer-Predicting Pathways And Novel Chemical Structures From Untargeted High-Throughput Metabolomics Data.” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  MzGroupAnalyzer-Predicting Pathways And Novel Chemical Structures From Untargeted High-Throughput Metabolomics Data.
• Authors: ➤  Doerfler, HannesSun, XiaoliangWang, LeiEngelmeier, DorisLyon, DavidWeckwerth, Wolfram
• Language: English

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: pubmed-PMC4028198

“Data And Control Structures Required For Artificial Intelligence Programming Languages.” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data And Control Structures Required For Artificial Intelligence Programming Languages.
• Author: Vail, Cheron Rae
• Language: en_US,eng

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datacontrolstruc00vailpdf

“Data Structures : Abstraction And Design Using Java” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Structures : Abstraction And Design Using Java
• Author: Koffman, Elliot B
• Language: English

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructuresab0000koff

“Data Structures And Algorithm Analysis In Java” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Structures And Algorithm Analysis In Java
• Author: Weiss, Mark Allen
• Language: English

“Data Structures And Algorithm Analysis In Java” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Java (Computer program language) - Data structures (Computer science) - Computer algorithms - Java (Langage de programmation) - Structures de données (Informatique) - Algorithmes - JAVA (programspråk) - Datastrukturer - Datoralgoritmer

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructuresal0002weis

“Data Structures And Problem Solving With Turbo Pascal : Walls And Mirrors” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Structures And Problem Solving With Turbo Pascal : Walls And Mirrors
• Author: Carrano, Frank M
• Language: English

“Data Structures And Problem Solving With Turbo Pascal : Walls And Mirrors” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Turbo Pascal (Computer file) - Pascal (Computer program language) - Data structures (Computer science)

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructurespr0000carr

“Data Structures Using C And C++” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Structures Using C And C++
• Author: Langsam, Yedidyah, 1952-
• Language: English

“Data Structures Using C And C++” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  C (Computer program language) - C++ (Computer program language) - Data structures (Computer science)

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructuresus0002lang

“VAX/VMS Internals And Data Structures” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  VAX/VMS Internals And Data Structures
• Author: Kenah, Lawrence J., 1946-
• Language: English

“VAX/VMS Internals And Data Structures” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  VAX/VMS - VAX-11 (Computer) -- Programming - Data structures (Computer science)

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: vaxvmsinternalsd0000kena

“BSTJ 58: 7. September 1979: Adaptive Echo Cancellation/AGC Structures For Two-Wire, Full-Duplex Data Transmission. (Falconer, D.D.; Mueller, K.H.)” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  BSTJ 58: 7. September 1979: Adaptive Echo Cancellation/AGC Structures For Two-Wire, Full-Duplex Data Transmission. (Falconer, D.D.; Mueller, K.H.)
• Language: English

“BSTJ 58: 7. September 1979: Adaptive Echo Cancellation/AGC Structures For Two-Wire, Full-Duplex Data Transmission. (Falconer, D.D.; Mueller, K.H.)” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  echo - agc - canceler - receiver - adaptive - convergence - arrangement - error - signal - data - tap coefficients - echo cancellation - echo canceler - data symbols - adaptive echo - canceler tap - receiver output - bell system - system technical - symbol intervals

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: bstj58-7-1593

“Advanced Data Structures: C++ Variables” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Advanced Data Structures: C++ Variables

“Advanced Data Structures: C++ Variables” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: advanced - data - structures

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: video02cvariables

“ʺCʺ Programming With Data Structures” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  ʺCʺ Programming With Data Structures
• Author: Sudha, T
• Language: English

“ʺCʺ Programming With Data Structures” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  C (Computer program language) - Data structures (Computer science) - Programming languages

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: cprogrammingwith0000sudh

“Free Course Site.com Udemy Mastering Data Structures & Algorithms Using C And C++” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Free Course Site.com Udemy Mastering Data Structures & Algorithms Using C And C++
• Language: English

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructures1234

“Data Structures And Algorithms Using Python” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Structures And Algorithms Using Python
• Author: Necaise, Rance D
• Language: English

“Data Structures And Algorithms Using Python” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Python (Computer program language) - Algorithms - Data structures (Computer science) - COMPUTERS / Software Development & Engineering / General

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructuresal0000neca

“Data Structures And Algorithms : With Object-oriented Design Patterns In C++” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Structures And Algorithms : With Object-oriented Design Patterns In C++
• Author: Preiss, Bruno R
• Language: English

“Data Structures And Algorithms : With Object-oriented Design Patterns In C++” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Object-oriented programming (Computer science) - C++ (Computer program language) - Software patterns - Data structures (Computer science) - Computer algorithms

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructuresal0000prei

“Data Structures With Abstract Data Types And Pascal” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Structures With Abstract Data Types And Pascal
• Author: Stubbs, Daniel F., 1938-
• Language: English

“Data Structures With Abstract Data Types And Pascal” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Abstract data types (Computer science) - Data structures (Computer science) - Pascal (Computer program language)

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructureswi0000stub

“The Chromium Logo The Chromium Projects Home Chromium ChromiumOS Quick Links Report Bugs Discuss Other Sites Chromium Blog Google Chrome Extensions Except As Otherwise Noted, The Content Of This Page Is Licensed Under A Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License, And Examples Are Licensed Under The BSD License. Privacy Edit This Page For Developers > How-Tos > Debugging Chromium On Windows First See Get The Code For Checkout And Build Instructions. Getting Started You Can Use Visual Studio's Built-in Debugger Or WinDBG To Debug Chromium. You Don't Need To Use The IDE To Build In Order To Use The Debugger: Autoninja Is Used To Build Chromium And Most Developers Invoke It From A Command Prompt, And Then Open The IDE For Debugging As Necessary. To Start Debugging An Already-built Executable With Visual Studio Just Launch Visual Studio (2019 Or Higher) And Select File-> Open-> Project/Solution (Ctrl+Shift+O) And Select The Executable Of Interest. This Will Create A Solution With That Executable As The 'project'. You Can Then Launch The Debugger With F5 Or F11 Or From The Debug Menu. If You Right-click On The Executable In Solution Explorer And Select Properties Then You Can Edit Things Such As The Executable Path, Command-line Arguments, And Working Directory. You Can Add Additional Executables To The Solution By Using File-> Add-> Existing Project And Selecting Another Already-built Executable. You Can Select Which One To Debug By Right-clicking On One Of Them In Solution Explorer And Selecting Set As Startup Project. When Your Solution File Is Customized To Your Taste You Can Save It To A Directory Such As Out\solutions. Saving It There Helps Ensure That Relative Paths To Source Files, Printed From Build Commands, Will Correctly Identify The Source Files. The Tools Menu Can Be Used To Add Commands To Do Things Like Invoke Autoninja To Build Chrome, Compile The Selected Source File, Or Other Things. Visual Studio 2017 Is Not Recommended For Debugging Of Chromium - Use A Newer Version For Best Performance And Stability. Symbol_level=2 Is The Default On Windows And Gives Full Debugging Information With Types, Locals, Globals, Function Names, And Source/line Information. Symbol_level=1 Creates Smaller PDBs With Just Function Names, And Source/line Information - Source-level Debugging Is Still Supported (new From June 2019), But Local Variables And Type Information Are Missing. Symbol_level=0 Gives Extremely Limited Debugging Abilities, Mostly Just Viewing Call Stacks When Chromium Crashes. Browsing Source Code If You Use A Solution File Generated By Gn (gn Gen --ide=vs) Then Intellisense May Help You Navigate The Code. If This Doesn't Work Or If You Use A Solution Created As Above Then You May Want To Install VsChromium To Help Navigate The Code, As Well As Using Https://source.chromium.org. Profiles It's A Good Idea To Use A Different Chrome Profile For Your Debugging. If You Are Debugging Google Chrome Branded Builds, Or Use A Chromium Build As Your Primary Browser, The Profiles Can Collide So You Can't Run Both At Once, And Your Stable Browser Might See Profile Versions From The Future (Google Chrome And Chromium Use Different Profile Directories By Default So Won't Collide). Use The Command-line Option: --user-data-dir=C:\tmp\my_debug_profile (replace The Path As Necessary) Using The IDE, Go To The Debugging Tab Of The Properties Of The Chrome Project, And Set The Command Arguments. Chrome Debug Log Enable Chrome Debug Logging To A File By Passing --enable-logging --v=1 Command-line Flags At Startup. Debug Builds Place The Chrome_debug.log File In The Out\Debug Directory. Release Builds Place The File In The Top Level Of The User Data Chromium App Directory, Which Is OS-version-dependent. For More Information, See Logging And User Data Directory Details. Symbol Server If You Are Debugging Official Google Chrome Release Builds, Use The Symbol Server: Https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com In Visual Studio, This Goes In Tools > Options Under Debugging > Symbols. You Should Set Up A Local Cache In A Empty Directory On Your Computer. In Windbg You Can Add This To Your Symbol Server Search Path With The Command Below, Where C:\symbols Is A Local Cache Directory: .sympath+ SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Alternately, You Can Set The _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable To Include Both The Microsoft And Google Symbol Servers - VS, Windbg, And Other Tools Should Both Respect This Environment Variable: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Note That Symbol Servers Will Let The Debuggers Download Both The PE Files (DLLs And EXEs) And The PDB Files. Chrome Often Loads Third Party Libraries And Partial Symbols For Some Of These Are Also Public. For Example: AMD: Https://download.amd.com/dir/bin Nvidia: Https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/ Intel: Https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ For Example, For Completeness, The Following Symbol Server Environment Variable Will Resolve All Of The Above Sources - But This Is More Than Is Normally Needed: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://download.amd.com/dir/bin;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ Source Indexing You Should Set Up Source Indexing In Your Debugger (.srcfix In Windbg, Tools-> Options-> Debugging-> General-> Enable Source Server Support In Visual Studio) So That The Correct Source Files Will Automatically Be Downloaded Based On Information In The Downloaded Symbols. Additionally, You Must Have Python In Your Path In Order For The Command That Fetches Source Files To Succeed; Launching The Debugger From The Same Environment As Where You Build Chromium Is An Easy Way To Ensure It's Present. This Is Highly Recommended When Debugging Released Google Chrome Builds Or Looking At Crash Dumps. Having The Correct Version Of The Source Files Automatically Show Up Saves Significant Time So You Should Definitely Set This. Multi-process Issues Chromium Can Be Challenging To Debug Because Of Its Multi-process Architecture. When You Select Run In The Debugger, Only The Main Browser Process Will Be Debugged. The Code That Actually Renders Web Pages (the Renderer) And The Plugins Will Be In Separate Processes That's Not (yet!) Being Debugged. The ProcessExplorer Tool Has A Process Tree View Where You Can See How These Processes Are Related. You Can Also Get The Process IDs Associated With Each Tab From The Chrome Task Manager (right-click On An Empty Area Of The Window Title Bar To Open). Automatically Attach To Child Processes There Are Two Visual Studio Extensions That Enable The Debugger To Automatically Attach To All Chrome Processes, So You Can Debug All Of Chrome At Once. Microsoft's Child Process Debugging Power Tool Is A Standalone Extension For This, And VsChromium Is Another Option That Bundles Many Other Additional Features. In Addition To Installing One Of These Extensions, You Must Run Visual Studio As Administrator, Or It Will Silently Fail To Attach To Some Of Chrome's Child Processes. Single-process Mode One Way To Debug Issues Is To Run Chromium In Single-process Mode. This Will Allow You To See The Entire State Of The Program Without Extra Work (although It Will Still Have Many Threads). To Use Single-process Mode, Add The Command-line Flag --single-process This Approach Isn't Perfect Because Some Problems Won't Manifest Themselves In This Mode And Some Features Don't Work And Worker Threads Are Still Spawned Into New Processes. Manually Attaching To A Child Process You Can Attach To The Running Child Processes With The Debugger. Select Tools > Attach To Process And Click The Chrome.exe Process You Want To Attach To. Before Attaching, Make Sure You Have Selected Only Native Code When Attaching To The Process This Is Done By Clicking Select... In The Attach To Process Window And Only Checking Native. If You Forget This, It May Attempt To Attach In "WebKit" Mode To Debug JavaScript, And You'll Get An Error Message "An Operation Is Not Legal In The Current State." You Can Now Debug The Two Processes As If They Were One. When You Are Debugging Multiple Processes, Open The Debug > Windows > Processes Window To Switch Between Them. Sometimes You Are Debugging Something That Only Happens On Startup, And Want To See The Child Process As Soon As It Starts. Use: --renderer-startup-dialog --no-sandbox You Have To Disable The Sandbox Or The Dialog Box Will Be Prohibited From Showing. When The Dialog Appears, Visit Tools > Attach To Process And Attach To The Process Showing The Renderer Startup Dialog. Now You're Debugging In The Renderer And Can Continue Execution By Pressing OK In The Dialog. Startup Dialogs Also Exist For Other Child Process Types: --gpu-startup-dialog, --ppapi-startup-dialog, --utility-startup-dialog, --plugin-startup-dialog (for NPAPI). For Utilities, You Can Add A Service Type --utility-startup-dialog=data_decoder.mojom.DataDecoderService. You Can Also Try The Vs-chromium Plug-in To Attach To The Right Processes. Semi-automatically Attaching The Debugger To Child Processes The Following Flags Cause Child Processes To Wait For 60 Seconds In A Busy Loop For A Debugger To Attach To The Process. Once Either Condition Is True, It Continues On; No Exception Is Thrown. --wait-for-debugger-children[=filter] The Filter, If Provided, Will Fire Only If It Matches The --type Parameter To The Process. Values Include Renderer, Plugin (for NPAPI), Ppapi, Gpu-process, And Utility. When Using This Option, It May Be Helpful To Limit The Number Of Renderer Processes Spawned, Using: --renderer-process-limit=1 Image File Execution Options Using Image File Execution Options (IFEO) Will Not Work Because CreateProcess() Returns The Handle To The Debugger Process Instead Of The Intended Child Process. There Are Also Issues With The Sandbox. Time Travel Debugging You Can Do Time Travel Debugging Using WinDbg Preview (must Be Installed From The Microsoft Store). This Lets You Execute A Program Forward And Backwards. After Capturing A Trace, You Can Set Breakpoints And Step Through Code As Normal, But Also Provides 'backwards' Commands (g-, T-, P-) So That You Can Go Back And Forth Through The Execution. It Is Especially Useful To Set Data Breakpoints (ba Command) And Reverse Continuing, So You Can See When A Certain Variable Was Last Changed To Its Current Value. Chromium Specifics: The Type Of Injection The Time Travel Tracer Needs To Perform Is Incompatible With The Chromium Sandbox. In Order To Record A Trace, You'll Need To Run With --no-sandbox. Chromium Cannot Run Elevated With Administrator Privileges, So The "Launch Executable (advance)" Option Won't Work, You'll Need To Attach After The Process Has Already Launched Via The Checkbox In The Bottom Right. If You Need To Record Startup-like Things, You'll Have To Use --{browser,gpu,renderer,utility}-startup-dialog, Then Attach (and Hope The Relevant Code Hasn't Executed Before That Point). JsDbg -- Data Structure Visualization You Can Install JsDbg As A Plugin For WinDbg Or Visual Studio. It Interactively Lets You Look At Data Structures (such As The DOM Tree, Accessibility Tree, Layout Object Tree, And Others) In A Web Browser As You Debug. See The JsDbg Site For Some Screen Shots And Usage Examples. This Also Works When Examining Memory Dumps (though Not Minidumps), And Also Works Together With Time Travel Debugging. Visual Studio Hints Debug Visualizers Chrome's Custom Debug Visualizers Should Be Added To The Pdb Files And Automatically Picked Up By Visual Studio. The Definitions Are In //tools/win/DebugVisualizers If You Need To Modify Them (the BUILD.gn File There Has Additional Instructions). Don't Step Into Trivial Functions The Debugger Can Be Configured To Automatically Not Step Into Functions Based On Regular Expression. Edit Default.natstepfilter In The Following Directory: For Visual Studio 2015: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) For Visual Studio 2017 Pro: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2017\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) Add Regular Expressions Of Functions To Not Step Into. Remember To Regex-escape And XML-escape Them, E.g. < For < And \. For A Literal Dot. Example: Operator New NoStepInto Operator Delete NoStepInto Std::.* NoStepInto WTF::.*Ptr ::.* NoStepInto This File Is Read At Start Of A Debugging Session (F5), So You Don't Need To Restart Visual Studio After Changing It. More Info: Microsoft Email Thread V8 And Chromium V8 Supports Many Command-line Flags That Are Useful For Debugging. V8 Command-line Flags Can Be Set Via The Chromium Command-line Flag --js-flags; For Instance: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--trace_exception --heap_stats" Note That Some V8 Command-line Flags Exist Only In The Debug Build Of V8. For A List Of All V8 Flags Try: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--help" Graphics Debugging GPU Acceleration Of Rendering Can Be More Easily Debugged With Tools. See: Graphics Debugging In Visual Studio 2013 Graphical Debugging With NVIDIA NSight Debugging On Another Machine Sometimes It's Useful To Debug Installation And Execution On A Machine Other Than Your Primary Build Box. To Run The Installer On Said Other Machine, First Build The Mini_installer Target On Your Main Build Machine (e.g., Autoninja -C Out\Debug Mini_installer). Next, On The Debug Machine: Make The Build Machine's Build Volume Available On The Debug Machine Either By Mounting It Locally (e.g., Z:\) Or By Crafting A UNC Path To It (e.g., \\builder\src) Open Up A Command Prompt And Change To A Local Disk Run Src\tools\win\copy-installer.bat In The Remote Checkout By Way Of The Mount (e.g., Z:\PATHTOCHECKOUT\src\...) Or UNC Path (e.g., \\builder\src\...). This Will Copy The Installer, DLLs, And PDBs Into Your Debug Machine's C:\out Or C:\build (depending On If You're Rocking The Component=shared_library Build Or Not) Run C:\out\Debug\mini_installer.exe With The Flags Of Your Choice To Install Chrome. This Can Take Some Time, Especially On A Slow Machine. Watch The Task Manager And Wait Until Mini_installer.exe Exits Before Trying To Launch Chrome (by Way Of The Shortcut(s) Created By The Installer) For Extra Pleasure, Add C:\out\Debug To Your _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable Consider Reading The Documentation At The Top Of Copy-installer.bat To See How You Can Run It. It Tries To Be Smart And Copy The Right Things, But You May Need To Be Explicit (e.g., "copy-installer.bat Out Debug"). It Is Safe To Re-run The Script To Copy Only Modified Files (after A Rebuild, For Example). You Can Also Use The Zip Action Of The Isolate Scripts (tools\mb\mb.py) To Package All The Files For A Target Into A Single Zip File, For Example: Python Tools\mb\mb.py Zip Out/Release Base_unittests Base_unittests.zip Finding All Memory Allocations It Is Possible To Use Heap Snapshots To Get Call Stacks On All Outstanding Allocations That Use The OS Heap. This Works Particularly Well If Heap Snapshots Are Started As Soon As The Chrome Browser Process Is Created, But Before It Starts Running. Details Can Be Found In This Batch File. However, With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations No Longer Use The Windows Heap So This Will Only Find A Subset Of Allocations, Mostly From OS DLLs. Find Memory Leaks Note: As With Heap Snapshots The Utility Of UMDH Is Greatly Reduced Now Because PartitionAlloc Everywhere Has Mostly Replaced The Windows Heap. The Windows Heap Manager Has A Really Useful Debug Flag, Where It Can Be Asked To Capture And Store A Stack Trace With Every Allocation. The Tool To Scrape These Stack Traces Out Of Processes Is UMDH, Which Comes With WinDbg. UMDH Is Great. It Will Capture A Snapshot Of The Heap State As Many Times As You Like, And It'll Do It Fairly Quickly. You Then Run It Again Against Either A Single Snapshot, Or A Pair Of Snapshots, At Which Time It'll Symbolize The Stack Traces And Aggregate Usage Up To Unique Stack Traces. Turning On The User Stack Trace Database For Chrome.exe With Gflags.exe Makes It Run Unbearably Slowly; However, Turning On The User Stack Trace Database On For The Browser Alone Is Just Fine. While It's Possible To Turn On The User Stack Database With The "!gflag" Debugging Extension, It's Too Late To Do This By The Time The Initial Debugger Breakpoint Hits. The Only Reasonable Way To Do This Is To Launch GFlags.exe, Enable The User Stack Trace Database (per Image Below), Launch Chrome Under The Debugger. Set A Breakpont When Chrome.dll Loads With "sxe Ld Chrome.dll". Step Up, To Allow Chrome.dll To Initialize. Disable The Stack Trace Database In GFlags.exe. Continue Chrome, Optionally Detaching The Debugger. Image GFlags.exe Settings For User Mode Stack Trace Database. If You Then Ever Suffer A Browser Memory Leak, You Can Snarf A Dump Of The Process With Umdh -p: > Chrome-browser-leak-umdh-dump.txt Which Can Then Typically Be "trivially" Analyzed To Find The Culprit. Miscellaneous Note That By Default Application Verifier Only Works With Non-official Builds Of Chromium. To Use Application Verifier On Official Builds You Need To Add --disable-features=RendererCodeIntegrity To Avoid Sandbox Crashes In Renderer Processes. See Crbug.com/1004989 For Details. See Also This Page. Application Verifier Is A Free Tool From Microsoft (available As Part Of The Windows SDK) That Can Be Used To Flush Out Programming Errors. Starting With M68 Application Verifier Can Be Enabled For Chrome.exe Without Needing To Disable The Sandbox. After Adding Chrome.exe To The List Of Applications To Be Stressed You Need To Expand The List Of Basics Checks And Disable The Leak Checks. You May Also Need To Disable Handles And Locks Checks Depending On Your Graphics Driver And Specific Chrome Version, But The Eventual Goal Is To Have Chrome Run With Handles And Locks Checks Enabled. When Bugs Are Found Chrome Will Trigger A Breakpoint So Running All Chrome Processes Under A Debugger Is Recommended. Chrome Will Run Much More Slowly Because Application Verifier Puts Every Heap Allocation On A Separate Page. Note That With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations Don't Actually Go Through The Windows Heap And Are Therefore Unaffected By Application Verifier. You Can Check The Undocumented 'Cuzz' Checkbox In Application Verifier To Get The Windows Thread Scheduler To Add Some Extra Randomness In Order To Help Expose Race Conditions In Your Code. To Put A Breakpoint On CreateFile(), Add This Break Point: {,,kernel32.dll}_CreateFileW@28 {,,kernel32.dll} Specifies The DLL (context Operator). _ Prefix Means Extern "C". @28 Postfix Means _stdcall With The Stack Pop At The End Of The Function. I.e. The Number Of Arguments In BYTES. You Can Use DebugView From SysInternals Or Sawbuck To View LOG() Messages That Normally Go To Stderr On POSIX.” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  The Chromium Logo The Chromium Projects Home Chromium ChromiumOS Quick Links Report Bugs Discuss Other Sites Chromium Blog Google Chrome Extensions Except As Otherwise Noted, The Content Of This Page Is Licensed Under A Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License, And Examples Are Licensed Under The BSD License. Privacy Edit This Page For Developers > How-Tos > Debugging Chromium On Windows First See Get The Code For Checkout And Build Instructions. Getting Started You Can Use Visual Studio's Built-in Debugger Or WinDBG To Debug Chromium. You Don't Need To Use The IDE To Build In Order To Use The Debugger: Autoninja Is Used To Build Chromium And Most Developers Invoke It From A Command Prompt, And Then Open The IDE For Debugging As Necessary. To Start Debugging An Already-built Executable With Visual Studio Just Launch Visual Studio (2019 Or Higher) And Select File-> Open-> Project/Solution (Ctrl+Shift+O) And Select The Executable Of Interest. This Will Create A Solution With That Executable As The 'project'. You Can Then Launch The Debugger With F5 Or F11 Or From The Debug Menu. If You Right-click On The Executable In Solution Explorer And Select Properties Then You Can Edit Things Such As The Executable Path, Command-line Arguments, And Working Directory. You Can Add Additional Executables To The Solution By Using File-> Add-> Existing Project And Selecting Another Already-built Executable. You Can Select Which One To Debug By Right-clicking On One Of Them In Solution Explorer And Selecting Set As Startup Project. When Your Solution File Is Customized To Your Taste You Can Save It To A Directory Such As Out\solutions. Saving It There Helps Ensure That Relative Paths To Source Files, Printed From Build Commands, Will Correctly Identify The Source Files. The Tools Menu Can Be Used To Add Commands To Do Things Like Invoke Autoninja To Build Chrome, Compile The Selected Source File, Or Other Things. Visual Studio 2017 Is Not Recommended For Debugging Of Chromium - Use A Newer Version For Best Performance And Stability. Symbol_level=2 Is The Default On Windows And Gives Full Debugging Information With Types, Locals, Globals, Function Names, And Source/line Information. Symbol_level=1 Creates Smaller PDBs With Just Function Names, And Source/line Information - Source-level Debugging Is Still Supported (new From June 2019), But Local Variables And Type Information Are Missing. Symbol_level=0 Gives Extremely Limited Debugging Abilities, Mostly Just Viewing Call Stacks When Chromium Crashes. Browsing Source Code If You Use A Solution File Generated By Gn (gn Gen --ide=vs) Then Intellisense May Help You Navigate The Code. If This Doesn't Work Or If You Use A Solution Created As Above Then You May Want To Install VsChromium To Help Navigate The Code, As Well As Using Https://source.chromium.org. Profiles It's A Good Idea To Use A Different Chrome Profile For Your Debugging. If You Are Debugging Google Chrome Branded Builds, Or Use A Chromium Build As Your Primary Browser, The Profiles Can Collide So You Can't Run Both At Once, And Your Stable Browser Might See Profile Versions From The Future (Google Chrome And Chromium Use Different Profile Directories By Default So Won't Collide). Use The Command-line Option: --user-data-dir=C:\tmp\my_debug_profile (replace The Path As Necessary) Using The IDE, Go To The Debugging Tab Of The Properties Of The Chrome Project, And Set The Command Arguments. Chrome Debug Log Enable Chrome Debug Logging To A File By Passing --enable-logging --v=1 Command-line Flags At Startup. Debug Builds Place The Chrome_debug.log File In The Out\Debug Directory. Release Builds Place The File In The Top Level Of The User Data Chromium App Directory, Which Is OS-version-dependent. For More Information, See Logging And User Data Directory Details. Symbol Server If You Are Debugging Official Google Chrome Release Builds, Use The Symbol Server: Https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com In Visual Studio, This Goes In Tools > Options Under Debugging > Symbols. You Should Set Up A Local Cache In A Empty Directory On Your Computer. In Windbg You Can Add This To Your Symbol Server Search Path With The Command Below, Where C:\symbols Is A Local Cache Directory: .sympath+ SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Alternately, You Can Set The _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable To Include Both The Microsoft And Google Symbol Servers - VS, Windbg, And Other Tools Should Both Respect This Environment Variable: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Note That Symbol Servers Will Let The Debuggers Download Both The PE Files (DLLs And EXEs) And The PDB Files. Chrome Often Loads Third Party Libraries And Partial Symbols For Some Of These Are Also Public. For Example: AMD: Https://download.amd.com/dir/bin Nvidia: Https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/ Intel: Https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ For Example, For Completeness, The Following Symbol Server Environment Variable Will Resolve All Of The Above Sources - But This Is More Than Is Normally Needed: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://download.amd.com/dir/bin;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ Source Indexing You Should Set Up Source Indexing In Your Debugger (.srcfix In Windbg, Tools-> Options-> Debugging-> General-> Enable Source Server Support In Visual Studio) So That The Correct Source Files Will Automatically Be Downloaded Based On Information In The Downloaded Symbols. Additionally, You Must Have Python In Your Path In Order For The Command That Fetches Source Files To Succeed; Launching The Debugger From The Same Environment As Where You Build Chromium Is An Easy Way To Ensure It's Present. This Is Highly Recommended When Debugging Released Google Chrome Builds Or Looking At Crash Dumps. Having The Correct Version Of The Source Files Automatically Show Up Saves Significant Time So You Should Definitely Set This. Multi-process Issues Chromium Can Be Challenging To Debug Because Of Its Multi-process Architecture. When You Select Run In The Debugger, Only The Main Browser Process Will Be Debugged. The Code That Actually Renders Web Pages (the Renderer) And The Plugins Will Be In Separate Processes That's Not (yet!) Being Debugged. The ProcessExplorer Tool Has A Process Tree View Where You Can See How These Processes Are Related. You Can Also Get The Process IDs Associated With Each Tab From The Chrome Task Manager (right-click On An Empty Area Of The Window Title Bar To Open). Automatically Attach To Child Processes There Are Two Visual Studio Extensions That Enable The Debugger To Automatically Attach To All Chrome Processes, So You Can Debug All Of Chrome At Once. Microsoft's Child Process Debugging Power Tool Is A Standalone Extension For This, And VsChromium Is Another Option That Bundles Many Other Additional Features. In Addition To Installing One Of These Extensions, You Must Run Visual Studio As Administrator, Or It Will Silently Fail To Attach To Some Of Chrome's Child Processes. Single-process Mode One Way To Debug Issues Is To Run Chromium In Single-process Mode. This Will Allow You To See The Entire State Of The Program Without Extra Work (although It Will Still Have Many Threads). To Use Single-process Mode, Add The Command-line Flag --single-process This Approach Isn't Perfect Because Some Problems Won't Manifest Themselves In This Mode And Some Features Don't Work And Worker Threads Are Still Spawned Into New Processes. Manually Attaching To A Child Process You Can Attach To The Running Child Processes With The Debugger. Select Tools > Attach To Process And Click The Chrome.exe Process You Want To Attach To. Before Attaching, Make Sure You Have Selected Only Native Code When Attaching To The Process This Is Done By Clicking Select... In The Attach To Process Window And Only Checking Native. If You Forget This, It May Attempt To Attach In "WebKit" Mode To Debug JavaScript, And You'll Get An Error Message "An Operation Is Not Legal In The Current State." You Can Now Debug The Two Processes As If They Were One. When You Are Debugging Multiple Processes, Open The Debug > Windows > Processes Window To Switch Between Them. Sometimes You Are Debugging Something That Only Happens On Startup, And Want To See The Child Process As Soon As It Starts. Use: --renderer-startup-dialog --no-sandbox You Have To Disable The Sandbox Or The Dialog Box Will Be Prohibited From Showing. When The Dialog Appears, Visit Tools > Attach To Process And Attach To The Process Showing The Renderer Startup Dialog. Now You're Debugging In The Renderer And Can Continue Execution By Pressing OK In The Dialog. Startup Dialogs Also Exist For Other Child Process Types: --gpu-startup-dialog, --ppapi-startup-dialog, --utility-startup-dialog, --plugin-startup-dialog (for NPAPI). For Utilities, You Can Add A Service Type --utility-startup-dialog=data_decoder.mojom.DataDecoderService. You Can Also Try The Vs-chromium Plug-in To Attach To The Right Processes. Semi-automatically Attaching The Debugger To Child Processes The Following Flags Cause Child Processes To Wait For 60 Seconds In A Busy Loop For A Debugger To Attach To The Process. Once Either Condition Is True, It Continues On; No Exception Is Thrown. --wait-for-debugger-children[=filter] The Filter, If Provided, Will Fire Only If It Matches The --type Parameter To The Process. Values Include Renderer, Plugin (for NPAPI), Ppapi, Gpu-process, And Utility. When Using This Option, It May Be Helpful To Limit The Number Of Renderer Processes Spawned, Using: --renderer-process-limit=1 Image File Execution Options Using Image File Execution Options (IFEO) Will Not Work Because CreateProcess() Returns The Handle To The Debugger Process Instead Of The Intended Child Process. There Are Also Issues With The Sandbox. Time Travel Debugging You Can Do Time Travel Debugging Using WinDbg Preview (must Be Installed From The Microsoft Store). This Lets You Execute A Program Forward And Backwards. After Capturing A Trace, You Can Set Breakpoints And Step Through Code As Normal, But Also Provides 'backwards' Commands (g-, T-, P-) So That You Can Go Back And Forth Through The Execution. It Is Especially Useful To Set Data Breakpoints (ba Command) And Reverse Continuing, So You Can See When A Certain Variable Was Last Changed To Its Current Value. Chromium Specifics: The Type Of Injection The Time Travel Tracer Needs To Perform Is Incompatible With The Chromium Sandbox. In Order To Record A Trace, You'll Need To Run With --no-sandbox. Chromium Cannot Run Elevated With Administrator Privileges, So The "Launch Executable (advance)" Option Won't Work, You'll Need To Attach After The Process Has Already Launched Via The Checkbox In The Bottom Right. If You Need To Record Startup-like Things, You'll Have To Use --{browser,gpu,renderer,utility}-startup-dialog, Then Attach (and Hope The Relevant Code Hasn't Executed Before That Point). JsDbg -- Data Structure Visualization You Can Install JsDbg As A Plugin For WinDbg Or Visual Studio. It Interactively Lets You Look At Data Structures (such As The DOM Tree, Accessibility Tree, Layout Object Tree, And Others) In A Web Browser As You Debug. See The JsDbg Site For Some Screen Shots And Usage Examples. This Also Works When Examining Memory Dumps (though Not Minidumps), And Also Works Together With Time Travel Debugging. Visual Studio Hints Debug Visualizers Chrome's Custom Debug Visualizers Should Be Added To The Pdb Files And Automatically Picked Up By Visual Studio. The Definitions Are In //tools/win/DebugVisualizers If You Need To Modify Them (the BUILD.gn File There Has Additional Instructions). Don't Step Into Trivial Functions The Debugger Can Be Configured To Automatically Not Step Into Functions Based On Regular Expression. Edit Default.natstepfilter In The Following Directory: For Visual Studio 2015: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) For Visual Studio 2017 Pro: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2017\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) Add Regular Expressions Of Functions To Not Step Into. Remember To Regex-escape And XML-escape Them, E.g. < For < And \. For A Literal Dot. Example: Operator New NoStepInto Operator Delete NoStepInto Std::.* NoStepInto WTF::.*Ptr ::.* NoStepInto This File Is Read At Start Of A Debugging Session (F5), So You Don't Need To Restart Visual Studio After Changing It. More Info: Microsoft Email Thread V8 And Chromium V8 Supports Many Command-line Flags That Are Useful For Debugging. V8 Command-line Flags Can Be Set Via The Chromium Command-line Flag --js-flags; For Instance: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--trace_exception --heap_stats" Note That Some V8 Command-line Flags Exist Only In The Debug Build Of V8. For A List Of All V8 Flags Try: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--help" Graphics Debugging GPU Acceleration Of Rendering Can Be More Easily Debugged With Tools. See: Graphics Debugging In Visual Studio 2013 Graphical Debugging With NVIDIA NSight Debugging On Another Machine Sometimes It's Useful To Debug Installation And Execution On A Machine Other Than Your Primary Build Box. To Run The Installer On Said Other Machine, First Build The Mini_installer Target On Your Main Build Machine (e.g., Autoninja -C Out\Debug Mini_installer). Next, On The Debug Machine: Make The Build Machine's Build Volume Available On The Debug Machine Either By Mounting It Locally (e.g., Z:\) Or By Crafting A UNC Path To It (e.g., \\builder\src) Open Up A Command Prompt And Change To A Local Disk Run Src\tools\win\copy-installer.bat In The Remote Checkout By Way Of The Mount (e.g., Z:\PATHTOCHECKOUT\src\...) Or UNC Path (e.g., \\builder\src\...). This Will Copy The Installer, DLLs, And PDBs Into Your Debug Machine's C:\out Or C:\build (depending On If You're Rocking The Component=shared_library Build Or Not) Run C:\out\Debug\mini_installer.exe With The Flags Of Your Choice To Install Chrome. This Can Take Some Time, Especially On A Slow Machine. Watch The Task Manager And Wait Until Mini_installer.exe Exits Before Trying To Launch Chrome (by Way Of The Shortcut(s) Created By The Installer) For Extra Pleasure, Add C:\out\Debug To Your _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable Consider Reading The Documentation At The Top Of Copy-installer.bat To See How You Can Run It. It Tries To Be Smart And Copy The Right Things, But You May Need To Be Explicit (e.g., "copy-installer.bat Out Debug"). It Is Safe To Re-run The Script To Copy Only Modified Files (after A Rebuild, For Example). You Can Also Use The Zip Action Of The Isolate Scripts (tools\mb\mb.py) To Package All The Files For A Target Into A Single Zip File, For Example: Python Tools\mb\mb.py Zip Out/Release Base_unittests Base_unittests.zip Finding All Memory Allocations It Is Possible To Use Heap Snapshots To Get Call Stacks On All Outstanding Allocations That Use The OS Heap. This Works Particularly Well If Heap Snapshots Are Started As Soon As The Chrome Browser Process Is Created, But Before It Starts Running. Details Can Be Found In This Batch File. However, With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations No Longer Use The Windows Heap So This Will Only Find A Subset Of Allocations, Mostly From OS DLLs. Find Memory Leaks Note: As With Heap Snapshots The Utility Of UMDH Is Greatly Reduced Now Because PartitionAlloc Everywhere Has Mostly Replaced The Windows Heap. The Windows Heap Manager Has A Really Useful Debug Flag, Where It Can Be Asked To Capture And Store A Stack Trace With Every Allocation. The Tool To Scrape These Stack Traces Out Of Processes Is UMDH, Which Comes With WinDbg. UMDH Is Great. It Will Capture A Snapshot Of The Heap State As Many Times As You Like, And It'll Do It Fairly Quickly. You Then Run It Again Against Either A Single Snapshot, Or A Pair Of Snapshots, At Which Time It'll Symbolize The Stack Traces And Aggregate Usage Up To Unique Stack Traces. Turning On The User Stack Trace Database For Chrome.exe With Gflags.exe Makes It Run Unbearably Slowly; However, Turning On The User Stack Trace Database On For The Browser Alone Is Just Fine. While It's Possible To Turn On The User Stack Database With The "!gflag" Debugging Extension, It's Too Late To Do This By The Time The Initial Debugger Breakpoint Hits. The Only Reasonable Way To Do This Is To Launch GFlags.exe, Enable The User Stack Trace Database (per Image Below), Launch Chrome Under The Debugger. Set A Breakpont When Chrome.dll Loads With "sxe Ld Chrome.dll". Step Up, To Allow Chrome.dll To Initialize. Disable The Stack Trace Database In GFlags.exe. Continue Chrome, Optionally Detaching The Debugger. Image GFlags.exe Settings For User Mode Stack Trace Database. If You Then Ever Suffer A Browser Memory Leak, You Can Snarf A Dump Of The Process With Umdh -p: > Chrome-browser-leak-umdh-dump.txt Which Can Then Typically Be "trivially" Analyzed To Find The Culprit. Miscellaneous Note That By Default Application Verifier Only Works With Non-official Builds Of Chromium. To Use Application Verifier On Official Builds You Need To Add --disable-features=RendererCodeIntegrity To Avoid Sandbox Crashes In Renderer Processes. See Crbug.com/1004989 For Details. See Also This Page. Application Verifier Is A Free Tool From Microsoft (available As Part Of The Windows SDK) That Can Be Used To Flush Out Programming Errors. Starting With M68 Application Verifier Can Be Enabled For Chrome.exe Without Needing To Disable The Sandbox. After Adding Chrome.exe To The List Of Applications To Be Stressed You Need To Expand The List Of Basics Checks And Disable The Leak Checks. You May Also Need To Disable Handles And Locks Checks Depending On Your Graphics Driver And Specific Chrome Version, But The Eventual Goal Is To Have Chrome Run With Handles And Locks Checks Enabled. When Bugs Are Found Chrome Will Trigger A Breakpoint So Running All Chrome Processes Under A Debugger Is Recommended. Chrome Will Run Much More Slowly Because Application Verifier Puts Every Heap Allocation On A Separate Page. Note That With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations Don't Actually Go Through The Windows Heap And Are Therefore Unaffected By Application Verifier. You Can Check The Undocumented 'Cuzz' Checkbox In Application Verifier To Get The Windows Thread Scheduler To Add Some Extra Randomness In Order To Help Expose Race Conditions In Your Code. To Put A Breakpoint On CreateFile(), Add This Break Point: {,,kernel32.dll}_CreateFileW@28 {,,kernel32.dll} Specifies The DLL (context Operator). _ Prefix Means Extern "C". @28 Postfix Means _stdcall With The Stack Pop At The End Of The Function. I.e. The Number Of Arguments In BYTES. You Can Use DebugView From SysInternals Or Sawbuck To View LOG() Messages That Normally Go To Stderr On POSIX.

“The Chromium Logo The Chromium Projects Home Chromium ChromiumOS Quick Links Report Bugs Discuss Other Sites Chromium Blog Google Chrome Extensions Except As Otherwise Noted, The Content Of This Page Is Licensed Under A Creative Commons Attribution 2.5 License, And Examples Are Licensed Under The BSD License. Privacy Edit This Page For Developers > How-Tos > Debugging Chromium On Windows First See Get The Code For Checkout And Build Instructions. Getting Started You Can Use Visual Studio's Built-in Debugger Or WinDBG To Debug Chromium. You Don't Need To Use The IDE To Build In Order To Use The Debugger: Autoninja Is Used To Build Chromium And Most Developers Invoke It From A Command Prompt, And Then Open The IDE For Debugging As Necessary. To Start Debugging An Already-built Executable With Visual Studio Just Launch Visual Studio (2019 Or Higher) And Select File-> Open-> Project/Solution (Ctrl+Shift+O) And Select The Executable Of Interest. This Will Create A Solution With That Executable As The 'project'. You Can Then Launch The Debugger With F5 Or F11 Or From The Debug Menu. If You Right-click On The Executable In Solution Explorer And Select Properties Then You Can Edit Things Such As The Executable Path, Command-line Arguments, And Working Directory. You Can Add Additional Executables To The Solution By Using File-> Add-> Existing Project And Selecting Another Already-built Executable. You Can Select Which One To Debug By Right-clicking On One Of Them In Solution Explorer And Selecting Set As Startup Project. When Your Solution File Is Customized To Your Taste You Can Save It To A Directory Such As Out\solutions. Saving It There Helps Ensure That Relative Paths To Source Files, Printed From Build Commands, Will Correctly Identify The Source Files. The Tools Menu Can Be Used To Add Commands To Do Things Like Invoke Autoninja To Build Chrome, Compile The Selected Source File, Or Other Things. Visual Studio 2017 Is Not Recommended For Debugging Of Chromium - Use A Newer Version For Best Performance And Stability. Symbol_level=2 Is The Default On Windows And Gives Full Debugging Information With Types, Locals, Globals, Function Names, And Source/line Information. Symbol_level=1 Creates Smaller PDBs With Just Function Names, And Source/line Information - Source-level Debugging Is Still Supported (new From June 2019), But Local Variables And Type Information Are Missing. Symbol_level=0 Gives Extremely Limited Debugging Abilities, Mostly Just Viewing Call Stacks When Chromium Crashes. Browsing Source Code If You Use A Solution File Generated By Gn (gn Gen --ide=vs) Then Intellisense May Help You Navigate The Code. If This Doesn't Work Or If You Use A Solution Created As Above Then You May Want To Install VsChromium To Help Navigate The Code, As Well As Using Https://source.chromium.org. Profiles It's A Good Idea To Use A Different Chrome Profile For Your Debugging. If You Are Debugging Google Chrome Branded Builds, Or Use A Chromium Build As Your Primary Browser, The Profiles Can Collide So You Can't Run Both At Once, And Your Stable Browser Might See Profile Versions From The Future (Google Chrome And Chromium Use Different Profile Directories By Default So Won't Collide). Use The Command-line Option: --user-data-dir=C:\tmp\my_debug_profile (replace The Path As Necessary) Using The IDE, Go To The Debugging Tab Of The Properties Of The Chrome Project, And Set The Command Arguments. Chrome Debug Log Enable Chrome Debug Logging To A File By Passing --enable-logging --v=1 Command-line Flags At Startup. Debug Builds Place The Chrome_debug.log File In The Out\Debug Directory. Release Builds Place The File In The Top Level Of The User Data Chromium App Directory, Which Is OS-version-dependent. For More Information, See Logging And User Data Directory Details. Symbol Server If You Are Debugging Official Google Chrome Release Builds, Use The Symbol Server: Https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com In Visual Studio, This Goes In Tools > Options Under Debugging > Symbols. You Should Set Up A Local Cache In A Empty Directory On Your Computer. In Windbg You Can Add This To Your Symbol Server Search Path With The Command Below, Where C:\symbols Is A Local Cache Directory: .sympath+ SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Alternately, You Can Set The _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable To Include Both The Microsoft And Google Symbol Servers - VS, Windbg, And Other Tools Should Both Respect This Environment Variable: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com Note That Symbol Servers Will Let The Debuggers Download Both The PE Files (DLLs And EXEs) And The PDB Files. Chrome Often Loads Third Party Libraries And Partial Symbols For Some Of These Are Also Public. For Example: AMD: Https://download.amd.com/dir/bin Nvidia: Https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/ Intel: Https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ For Example, For Completeness, The Following Symbol Server Environment Variable Will Resolve All Of The Above Sources - But This Is More Than Is Normally Needed: _NT_SYMBOL_PATH=SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://chromium-browser-symsrv.commondatastorage.googleapis.com;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://download.amd.com/dir/bin;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://driver-symbols.nvidia.com/;SRV\*C:\symbols\*https://software.intel.com/sites/downloads/symbols/ Source Indexing You Should Set Up Source Indexing In Your Debugger (.srcfix In Windbg, Tools-> Options-> Debugging-> General-> Enable Source Server Support In Visual Studio) So That The Correct Source Files Will Automatically Be Downloaded Based On Information In The Downloaded Symbols. Additionally, You Must Have Python In Your Path In Order For The Command That Fetches Source Files To Succeed; Launching The Debugger From The Same Environment As Where You Build Chromium Is An Easy Way To Ensure It's Present. This Is Highly Recommended When Debugging Released Google Chrome Builds Or Looking At Crash Dumps. Having The Correct Version Of The Source Files Automatically Show Up Saves Significant Time So You Should Definitely Set This. Multi-process Issues Chromium Can Be Challenging To Debug Because Of Its Multi-process Architecture. When You Select Run In The Debugger, Only The Main Browser Process Will Be Debugged. The Code That Actually Renders Web Pages (the Renderer) And The Plugins Will Be In Separate Processes That's Not (yet!) Being Debugged. The ProcessExplorer Tool Has A Process Tree View Where You Can See How These Processes Are Related. You Can Also Get The Process IDs Associated With Each Tab From The Chrome Task Manager (right-click On An Empty Area Of The Window Title Bar To Open). Automatically Attach To Child Processes There Are Two Visual Studio Extensions That Enable The Debugger To Automatically Attach To All Chrome Processes, So You Can Debug All Of Chrome At Once. Microsoft's Child Process Debugging Power Tool Is A Standalone Extension For This, And VsChromium Is Another Option That Bundles Many Other Additional Features. In Addition To Installing One Of These Extensions, You Must Run Visual Studio As Administrator, Or It Will Silently Fail To Attach To Some Of Chrome's Child Processes. Single-process Mode One Way To Debug Issues Is To Run Chromium In Single-process Mode. This Will Allow You To See The Entire State Of The Program Without Extra Work (although It Will Still Have Many Threads). To Use Single-process Mode, Add The Command-line Flag --single-process This Approach Isn't Perfect Because Some Problems Won't Manifest Themselves In This Mode And Some Features Don't Work And Worker Threads Are Still Spawned Into New Processes. Manually Attaching To A Child Process You Can Attach To The Running Child Processes With The Debugger. Select Tools > Attach To Process And Click The Chrome.exe Process You Want To Attach To. Before Attaching, Make Sure You Have Selected Only Native Code When Attaching To The Process This Is Done By Clicking Select... In The Attach To Process Window And Only Checking Native. If You Forget This, It May Attempt To Attach In "WebKit" Mode To Debug JavaScript, And You'll Get An Error Message "An Operation Is Not Legal In The Current State." You Can Now Debug The Two Processes As If They Were One. When You Are Debugging Multiple Processes, Open The Debug > Windows > Processes Window To Switch Between Them. Sometimes You Are Debugging Something That Only Happens On Startup, And Want To See The Child Process As Soon As It Starts. Use: --renderer-startup-dialog --no-sandbox You Have To Disable The Sandbox Or The Dialog Box Will Be Prohibited From Showing. When The Dialog Appears, Visit Tools > Attach To Process And Attach To The Process Showing The Renderer Startup Dialog. Now You're Debugging In The Renderer And Can Continue Execution By Pressing OK In The Dialog. Startup Dialogs Also Exist For Other Child Process Types: --gpu-startup-dialog, --ppapi-startup-dialog, --utility-startup-dialog, --plugin-startup-dialog (for NPAPI). For Utilities, You Can Add A Service Type --utility-startup-dialog=data_decoder.mojom.DataDecoderService. You Can Also Try The Vs-chromium Plug-in To Attach To The Right Processes. Semi-automatically Attaching The Debugger To Child Processes The Following Flags Cause Child Processes To Wait For 60 Seconds In A Busy Loop For A Debugger To Attach To The Process. Once Either Condition Is True, It Continues On; No Exception Is Thrown. --wait-for-debugger-children[=filter] The Filter, If Provided, Will Fire Only If It Matches The --type Parameter To The Process. Values Include Renderer, Plugin (for NPAPI), Ppapi, Gpu-process, And Utility. When Using This Option, It May Be Helpful To Limit The Number Of Renderer Processes Spawned, Using: --renderer-process-limit=1 Image File Execution Options Using Image File Execution Options (IFEO) Will Not Work Because CreateProcess() Returns The Handle To The Debugger Process Instead Of The Intended Child Process. There Are Also Issues With The Sandbox. Time Travel Debugging You Can Do Time Travel Debugging Using WinDbg Preview (must Be Installed From The Microsoft Store). This Lets You Execute A Program Forward And Backwards. After Capturing A Trace, You Can Set Breakpoints And Step Through Code As Normal, But Also Provides 'backwards' Commands (g-, T-, P-) So That You Can Go Back And Forth Through The Execution. It Is Especially Useful To Set Data Breakpoints (ba Command) And Reverse Continuing, So You Can See When A Certain Variable Was Last Changed To Its Current Value. Chromium Specifics: The Type Of Injection The Time Travel Tracer Needs To Perform Is Incompatible With The Chromium Sandbox. In Order To Record A Trace, You'll Need To Run With --no-sandbox. Chromium Cannot Run Elevated With Administrator Privileges, So The "Launch Executable (advance)" Option Won't Work, You'll Need To Attach After The Process Has Already Launched Via The Checkbox In The Bottom Right. If You Need To Record Startup-like Things, You'll Have To Use --{browser,gpu,renderer,utility}-startup-dialog, Then Attach (and Hope The Relevant Code Hasn't Executed Before That Point). JsDbg -- Data Structure Visualization You Can Install JsDbg As A Plugin For WinDbg Or Visual Studio. It Interactively Lets You Look At Data Structures (such As The DOM Tree, Accessibility Tree, Layout Object Tree, And Others) In A Web Browser As You Debug. See The JsDbg Site For Some Screen Shots And Usage Examples. This Also Works When Examining Memory Dumps (though Not Minidumps), And Also Works Together With Time Travel Debugging. Visual Studio Hints Debug Visualizers Chrome's Custom Debug Visualizers Should Be Added To The Pdb Files And Automatically Picked Up By Visual Studio. The Definitions Are In //tools/win/DebugVisualizers If You Need To Modify Them (the BUILD.gn File There Has Additional Instructions). Don't Step Into Trivial Functions The Debugger Can Be Configured To Automatically Not Step Into Functions Based On Regular Expression. Edit Default.natstepfilter In The Following Directory: For Visual Studio 2015: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2015\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) For Visual Studio 2017 Pro: C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\Common7\Packages\Debugger\Visualizers (for All Users) Or %USERPROFILE%\My Documents\Visual Studio 2017\Visualizers (for The Current User Only) Add Regular Expressions Of Functions To Not Step Into. Remember To Regex-escape And XML-escape Them, E.g. < For < And \. For A Literal Dot. Example: Operator New NoStepInto Operator Delete NoStepInto Std::.* NoStepInto WTF::.*Ptr ::.* NoStepInto This File Is Read At Start Of A Debugging Session (F5), So You Don't Need To Restart Visual Studio After Changing It. More Info: Microsoft Email Thread V8 And Chromium V8 Supports Many Command-line Flags That Are Useful For Debugging. V8 Command-line Flags Can Be Set Via The Chromium Command-line Flag --js-flags; For Instance: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--trace_exception --heap_stats" Note That Some V8 Command-line Flags Exist Only In The Debug Build Of V8. For A List Of All V8 Flags Try: Chrome.exe --js-flags="--help" Graphics Debugging GPU Acceleration Of Rendering Can Be More Easily Debugged With Tools. See: Graphics Debugging In Visual Studio 2013 Graphical Debugging With NVIDIA NSight Debugging On Another Machine Sometimes It's Useful To Debug Installation And Execution On A Machine Other Than Your Primary Build Box. To Run The Installer On Said Other Machine, First Build The Mini_installer Target On Your Main Build Machine (e.g., Autoninja -C Out\Debug Mini_installer). Next, On The Debug Machine: Make The Build Machine's Build Volume Available On The Debug Machine Either By Mounting It Locally (e.g., Z:\) Or By Crafting A UNC Path To It (e.g., \\builder\src) Open Up A Command Prompt And Change To A Local Disk Run Src\tools\win\copy-installer.bat In The Remote Checkout By Way Of The Mount (e.g., Z:\PATHTOCHECKOUT\src\...) Or UNC Path (e.g., \\builder\src\...). This Will Copy The Installer, DLLs, And PDBs Into Your Debug Machine's C:\out Or C:\build (depending On If You're Rocking The Component=shared_library Build Or Not) Run C:\out\Debug\mini_installer.exe With The Flags Of Your Choice To Install Chrome. This Can Take Some Time, Especially On A Slow Machine. Watch The Task Manager And Wait Until Mini_installer.exe Exits Before Trying To Launch Chrome (by Way Of The Shortcut(s) Created By The Installer) For Extra Pleasure, Add C:\out\Debug To Your _NT_SYMBOL_PATH Environment Variable Consider Reading The Documentation At The Top Of Copy-installer.bat To See How You Can Run It. It Tries To Be Smart And Copy The Right Things, But You May Need To Be Explicit (e.g., "copy-installer.bat Out Debug"). It Is Safe To Re-run The Script To Copy Only Modified Files (after A Rebuild, For Example). You Can Also Use The Zip Action Of The Isolate Scripts (tools\mb\mb.py) To Package All The Files For A Target Into A Single Zip File, For Example: Python Tools\mb\mb.py Zip Out/Release Base_unittests Base_unittests.zip Finding All Memory Allocations It Is Possible To Use Heap Snapshots To Get Call Stacks On All Outstanding Allocations That Use The OS Heap. This Works Particularly Well If Heap Snapshots Are Started As Soon As The Chrome Browser Process Is Created, But Before It Starts Running. Details Can Be Found In This Batch File. However, With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations No Longer Use The Windows Heap So This Will Only Find A Subset Of Allocations, Mostly From OS DLLs. Find Memory Leaks Note: As With Heap Snapshots The Utility Of UMDH Is Greatly Reduced Now Because PartitionAlloc Everywhere Has Mostly Replaced The Windows Heap. The Windows Heap Manager Has A Really Useful Debug Flag, Where It Can Be Asked To Capture And Store A Stack Trace With Every Allocation. The Tool To Scrape These Stack Traces Out Of Processes Is UMDH, Which Comes With WinDbg. UMDH Is Great. It Will Capture A Snapshot Of The Heap State As Many Times As You Like, And It'll Do It Fairly Quickly. You Then Run It Again Against Either A Single Snapshot, Or A Pair Of Snapshots, At Which Time It'll Symbolize The Stack Traces And Aggregate Usage Up To Unique Stack Traces. Turning On The User Stack Trace Database For Chrome.exe With Gflags.exe Makes It Run Unbearably Slowly; However, Turning On The User Stack Trace Database On For The Browser Alone Is Just Fine. While It's Possible To Turn On The User Stack Database With The "!gflag" Debugging Extension, It's Too Late To Do This By The Time The Initial Debugger Breakpoint Hits. The Only Reasonable Way To Do This Is To Launch GFlags.exe, Enable The User Stack Trace Database (per Image Below), Launch Chrome Under The Debugger. Set A Breakpont When Chrome.dll Loads With "sxe Ld Chrome.dll". Step Up, To Allow Chrome.dll To Initialize. Disable The Stack Trace Database In GFlags.exe. Continue Chrome, Optionally Detaching The Debugger. Image GFlags.exe Settings For User Mode Stack Trace Database. If You Then Ever Suffer A Browser Memory Leak, You Can Snarf A Dump Of The Process With Umdh -p: > Chrome-browser-leak-umdh-dump.txt Which Can Then Typically Be "trivially" Analyzed To Find The Culprit. Miscellaneous Note That By Default Application Verifier Only Works With Non-official Builds Of Chromium. To Use Application Verifier On Official Builds You Need To Add --disable-features=RendererCodeIntegrity To Avoid Sandbox Crashes In Renderer Processes. See Crbug.com/1004989 For Details. See Also This Page. Application Verifier Is A Free Tool From Microsoft (available As Part Of The Windows SDK) That Can Be Used To Flush Out Programming Errors. Starting With M68 Application Verifier Can Be Enabled For Chrome.exe Without Needing To Disable The Sandbox. After Adding Chrome.exe To The List Of Applications To Be Stressed You Need To Expand The List Of Basics Checks And Disable The Leak Checks. You May Also Need To Disable Handles And Locks Checks Depending On Your Graphics Driver And Specific Chrome Version, But The Eventual Goal Is To Have Chrome Run With Handles And Locks Checks Enabled. When Bugs Are Found Chrome Will Trigger A Breakpoint So Running All Chrome Processes Under A Debugger Is Recommended. Chrome Will Run Much More Slowly Because Application Verifier Puts Every Heap Allocation On A Separate Page. Note That With PartitionAlloc Everywhere Most Chromium Allocations Don't Actually Go Through The Windows Heap And Are Therefore Unaffected By Application Verifier. You Can Check The Undocumented 'Cuzz' Checkbox In Application Verifier To Get The Windows Thread Scheduler To Add Some Extra Randomness In Order To Help Expose Race Conditions In Your Code. To Put A Breakpoint On CreateFile(), Add This Break Point: {,,kernel32.dll}_CreateFileW@28 {,,kernel32.dll} Specifies The DLL (context Operator). _ Prefix Means Extern "C". @28 Postfix Means _stdcall With The Stack Pop At The End Of The Function. I.e. The Number Of Arguments In BYTES. You Can Use DebugView From SysInternals Or Sawbuck To View LOG() Messages That Normally Go To Stderr On POSIX.” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Debug - Build - Run - Compile - Chromium - Google - Chrome - Microsoft - Windows

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: debugging-chromium-on-windows

“How Lock-free Data Structures Perform In Dynamic Environments: Models And Analyses” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  How Lock-free Data Structures Perform In Dynamic Environments: Models And Analyses
• Authors: Aras AtalarPaul Renaud-GoudPhilippas Tsigas

“How Lock-free Data Structures Perform In Dynamic Environments: Models And Analyses” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing - Computing Research Repository

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: arxiv-1611.05793

“Approximate Hubel-Wiesel Modules And The Data Structures Of Neural Computation” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Approximate Hubel-Wiesel Modules And The Data Structures Of Neural Computation
• Authors: Joel Z. LeiboJulien CornebiseSergio GómezDemis Hassabis

“Approximate Hubel-Wiesel Modules And The Data Structures Of Neural Computation” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Neural and Evolutionary Computing - Neurons and Cognition - Quantitative Biology - Computing Research Repository

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: arxiv-1512.08457

“Data Structures With Ada” Metadata:

• Title: Data Structures With Ada
• Author: Feldman, Michael B
• Language: English

“Data Structures With Ada” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Ada (Computer program language) - Data structures (Computer science)

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructureswi0000feld_w6u0

“Data Structures And The Java Collections Framework” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Structures And The Java Collections Framework
• Author: ➤  Collins, William J. (William Joseph)
• Language: English

“Data Structures And The Java Collections Framework” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Java (Computer program language) - Data structures (Computer science) - Java (Langage de programmation) - Structures de données (Informatique)

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructuresja0000coll

“Data Structures And Their Implementation” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Structures And Their Implementation
• Author: Baron, Robert J
• Language: English

“Data Structures And Their Implementation” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Data structures (Computer science) - Implementation - Datenstruktur

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructuresth0000baro

“Github.com-floyernick-Data-Structures-and-Algorithms_-_2018-04-02_07-34-33” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Github.com-floyernick-Data-Structures-and-Algorithms_-_2018-04-02_07-34-33
• Author: floyernick

“Github.com-floyernick-Data-Structures-and-Algorithms_-_2018-04-02_07-34-33” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: GitHub - code - software - git

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: ➤  github.com-floyernick-Data-Structures-and-Algorithms_-_2018-04-02_07-34-33

“DTIC AD0290770: STRENGTH, EFFICIENCY, AND DESIGN DATA FOR BERYLLIUM STRUCTURES” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  DTIC AD0290770: STRENGTH, EFFICIENCY, AND DESIGN DATA FOR BERYLLIUM STRUCTURES
• Author: ➤  Defense Technical Information Center
• Language: English

“DTIC AD0290770: STRENGTH, EFFICIENCY, AND DESIGN DATA FOR BERYLLIUM STRUCTURES” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  DTIC Archive - Crawford, Robert F - LOCKHEED MISSILES AND SPACE CO INC SUNNYVALE CA - *BERYLLIUM - BEAMS(ELECTROMAGNETIC) - BEAMS(STRUCTURAL) - BOX BEAMS - BUCKLING - CYLINDRICAL BODIES - DRILLING MACHINES - EXTRUSION - FORGING - LATHES - MACHINING - MANUFACTURING - MECHANICAL PROPERTIES - METAL JOINTS - ROLLING MILLS - SHEETS - STRESSES - STRUCTURES

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: DTIC_AD0290770

“Code With Mosh Non Linear Data Structures” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Code With Mosh Non Linear Data Structures
• Author: Me
• Language: English

“Code With Mosh Non Linear Data Structures” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: CWM - programming - DSA

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: CWM_NonLinear

“JavaScript Data Structures And Algorithms” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  JavaScript Data Structures And Algorithms
• Author: Sammie Bae
• Language: English

“JavaScript Data Structures And Algorithms” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  coding - programming - javascript - javascript coding - javascript programming - data structures - data algorithms

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: ➤  sammie-bae-java-script-data-structures-and-algorithms

“DTIC ADA163674: Application Of Hierarchical Data Structures To Geographical Information Systems.” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  DTIC ADA163674: Application Of Hierarchical Data Structures To Geographical Information Systems.
• Author: ➤  Defense Technical Information Center
• Language: English

“DTIC ADA163674: Application Of Hierarchical Data Structures To Geographical Information Systems.” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  DTIC Archive - Samet,Hanan - MARYLAND UNIV COLLEGE PARK COMPUTER VISION LAB - *DATA PROCESSING - *DIGITAL MAPS - COMPUTER PROGRAMS - DATA BASES - LINEAR SYSTEMS - FUNCTIONS - ORGANIZATIONS - CONTRACTS - MANAGEMENT - INFORMATION SYSTEMS - STRUCTURES - RANDOM ACCESS COMPUTER STORAGE - MAPS - SYSTEMS APPROACH - CALIFORNIA - ELEVATION - LAND USE - COLLECTION - GEOGRAPHY - CONTOURS

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: DTIC_ADA163674

“DTIC ADA611773: Graphic Presentation Of Data Structures In The DBX Debugger” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  DTIC ADA611773: Graphic Presentation Of Data Structures In The DBX Debugger
• Author: ➤  Defense Technical Information Center
• Language: English

“DTIC ADA611773: Graphic Presentation Of Data Structures In The DBX Debugger” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  DTIC Archive - CALIFORNIA UNIV BERKELEY DEPT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCES - *DEBUGGING(COMPUTERS) - COMPUTER GRAPHICS

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: DTIC_ADA611773

“Rapport Galactique //// Enormous Illegal (criminal) Expansion Of The Colonial Law //// James Bamford On FISA Extension, U.S. Israel Data Sharing For Colonial War Crimes //// NSA, CIA, Sont Des États Privés Non Démocratiques Utilisés Par Les Extraterrestres Colonisateurs Trouvés Derrière Le Complexe Militaro Industriel Qui Se Sert Des Sociétés Secrètes Royales Pour Diriger (infiltrer) Toutes Les Structures Politiques Dont Les Corps Militaires (et Policiers) Pour Pouvoir Attaquer Les Citoyens Qui Défendent (protègent) Les Traités De Paix Constituant Le Code Pénal International Réprimé Par La Cour Criminelle Internationale, Dont Le Droit À La Vie Privée, Soit La Nécessité D'un Mandat (ou Tribunal) Avant D'exécuter Une Action Politique Contre Un Citoyen, Le Droit À Une Défense Pleine Et Entière Protégé Par Le Même Traité De Paix....On Parle De L'acte Criminel De Haute Trahison Et D'abus De Pouvoir, L'action De Ne Pas Respecter Les Traités De Paix Qui Définissent La Constitutionnalité (légalité) D'une Action Étatique, Soit D'un Action Privée Hors Territorial Agissant Pour Une Entité Non Démocratique (privé) Qui Colonise Illégalement Tous Les Pays Membres De L'ONU” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Rapport Galactique //// Enormous Illegal (criminal) Expansion Of The Colonial Law //// James Bamford On FISA Extension, U.S. Israel Data Sharing For Colonial War Crimes //// NSA, CIA, Sont Des États Privés Non Démocratiques Utilisés Par Les Extraterrestres Colonisateurs Trouvés Derrière Le Complexe Militaro Industriel Qui Se Sert Des Sociétés Secrètes Royales Pour Diriger (infiltrer) Toutes Les Structures Politiques Dont Les Corps Militaires (et Policiers) Pour Pouvoir Attaquer Les Citoyens Qui Défendent (protègent) Les Traités De Paix Constituant Le Code Pénal International Réprimé Par La Cour Criminelle Internationale, Dont Le Droit À La Vie Privée, Soit La Nécessité D'un Mandat (ou Tribunal) Avant D'exécuter Une Action Politique Contre Un Citoyen, Le Droit À Une Défense Pleine Et Entière Protégé Par Le Même Traité De Paix....On Parle De L'acte Criminel De Haute Trahison Et D'abus De Pouvoir, L'action De Ne Pas Respecter Les Traités De Paix Qui Définissent La Constitutionnalité (légalité) D'une Action Étatique, Soit D'un Action Privée Hors Territorial Agissant Pour Une Entité Non Démocratique (privé) Qui Colonise Illégalement Tous Les Pays Membres De L'ONU
• Author: Rock Larochelle

“Rapport Galactique //// Enormous Illegal (criminal) Expansion Of The Colonial Law //// James Bamford On FISA Extension, U.S. Israel Data Sharing For Colonial War Crimes //// NSA, CIA, Sont Des États Privés Non Démocratiques Utilisés Par Les Extraterrestres Colonisateurs Trouvés Derrière Le Complexe Militaro Industriel Qui Se Sert Des Sociétés Secrètes Royales Pour Diriger (infiltrer) Toutes Les Structures Politiques Dont Les Corps Militaires (et Policiers) Pour Pouvoir Attaquer Les Citoyens Qui Défendent (protègent) Les Traités De Paix Constituant Le Code Pénal International Réprimé Par La Cour Criminelle Internationale, Dont Le Droit À La Vie Privée, Soit La Nécessité D'un Mandat (ou Tribunal) Avant D'exécuter Une Action Politique Contre Un Citoyen, Le Droit À Une Défense Pleine Et Entière Protégé Par Le Même Traité De Paix....On Parle De L'acte Criminel De Haute Trahison Et D'abus De Pouvoir, L'action De Ne Pas Respecter Les Traités De Paix Qui Définissent La Constitutionnalité (légalité) D'une Action Étatique, Soit D'un Action Privée Hors Territorial Agissant Pour Une Entité Non Démocratique (privé) Qui Colonise Illégalement Tous Les Pays Membres De L'ONU” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: NSA - CIA - Nazi 4th Reich - extraterrestrial colonization

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: ➤  enormous-expansion-of-the-law-james-bamford-on-fisa-extension-u.-s.-israel-data-sharing

“Historic Structures Report: Old North Church, Architectural Data, Boston National Historical Park, Massachusetts” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Historic Structures Report: Old North Church, Architectural Data, Boston National Historical Park, Massachusetts
• Author: ➤  United States. National Park Service
• Language: English

“Historic Structures Report: Old North Church, Architectural Data, Boston National Historical Park, Massachusetts” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Historic sites - Old North Church, Boston (Mass.)

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: historicstructur00unit_0

“Handbook Of Data Structures And Applications” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Handbook Of Data Structures And Applications
• Language: English

“Handbook Of Data Structures And Applications” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  System design -- Handbooks, manuals, etc - Data structures (Computer science) -- Handbooks, manuals, etc

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: isbn_9781584884354

“C Programming & Data Structures (JNTU) W/CD” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  C Programming & Data Structures (JNTU) W/CD
• Language: English

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: isbn_9788131512685

“Data Structures Codes Collection” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Structures Codes Collection
• Author: ➤  coded-n-brought to you by: Hussert //uploaded by: thero //*Exclusive*: q8-eng.com/vb

“Data Structures Codes Collection” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Data Structures Codes Collection - lab - q8 handasa - engineering - c++ - data structures - kuwait university - computer engineer engineering - cpe - pc - codes - cpp - c plus plus

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: DataStructuresCodesCollection

“Introduction To Computer Science : Programming, Problem Solving, And Data Structures” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Introduction To Computer Science : Programming, Problem Solving, And Data Structures
• Author: Nance, Douglas W
• Language: English

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: ➤  introductiontoco002edienanc_d3i7

“Data Structures And Efficient Algorithms : Final Report On The DFG Special Joint Initiative” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Structures And Efficient Algorithms : Final Report On The DFG Special Joint Initiative
• Language: English

“Data Structures And Efficient Algorithms : Final Report On The DFG Special Joint Initiative” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Data structures (Computer science) -- Congresses - Computer algorithms -- Congresses

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructuresef0594unse

“Windows Into Relational Events: Data Structures For Contiguous Subsequences Of Edges” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Windows Into Relational Events: Data Structures For Contiguous Subsequences Of Edges
• Authors: Michael J. BannisterChristopher DuBoisDavid EppsteinPadhraic Smyth
• Language: English

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: arxiv-1209.5791

“Data Structures And Algorithm Analysis In Ada” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Structures And Algorithm Analysis In Ada
• Author: Weiss, Mark Allen
• Language: English

“Data Structures And Algorithm Analysis In Ada” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Ada (Computer program language) - Data structures (Computer science) - Computer algorithms

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: datastructuresal0000weis_c9m5

“Microsoft Research Video 142901: Automatic Program Analysis For Overlaid Data Structures” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Microsoft Research Video 142901: Automatic Program Analysis For Overlaid Data Structures
• Author: Microsoft Research
• Language: English

“Microsoft Research Video 142901: Automatic Program Analysis For Overlaid Data Structures” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Microsoft Research - Microsoft Research Video Archive - Shaz Qadeer - Hongseok Yang

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: ➤  Microsoft_Research_Video_142901

“Efficient Algorithms And Data Structures For VLSI CAD” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Efficient Algorithms And Data Structures For VLSI CAD
• Author: Cho, Seonghun
• Language: English

“Efficient Algorithms And Data Structures For VLSI CAD” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Integrated circuits--Very large scale integration--Design and construction--Data processing - Computer-aided design.

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: efficientalgorit00chos

“Data Abstraction And Structures Using Cp++s” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Data Abstraction And Structures Using Cp++s
• Authors: Headington, Mark RRiley, David D., 1951-
• Language: English

“Data Abstraction And Structures Using Cp++s” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  C++ (Computer program language) - Abstract data types (Computer science) - Data structures (Computer science)

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: dataabstractions00head

“Genetic Algorithms + Data Structures = Evolution Programs” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Genetic Algorithms + Data Structures = Evolution Programs
• Author: Michalewicz, Zbigniew
• Language: English

“Genetic Algorithms + Data Structures = Evolution Programs” Subjects and Themes:

• Subjects: ➤  Computer algorithms - Data structures (Computer science) - Computer programs

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: geneticalgorithm0000unse_m5g3

“Maximum Inner-Product Search Using Tree Data-structures” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Maximum Inner-Product Search Using Tree Data-structures
• Authors: Parikshit RamAlexander G. Gray
• Language: English

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: arxiv-1202.6101

“Simulating Reachability Using First-order Logic With Applications To Verification Of Linked Data Structures” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Simulating Reachability Using First-order Logic With Applications To Verification Of Linked Data Structures
• Authors: ➤  Tal Lev-AmiNeil ImmermanThomas RepsMooly SagivSiddharth SrivastavaGreta Yorsh
• Language: English

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: arxiv-0904.4902

“Structures For Data Processing In The Quantum Regime” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Structures For Data Processing In The Quantum Regime
• Authors: Simon C. BenjaminNeil F. Johnson
• Language: English

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: arxiv-cond-mat9802127

“Program Design With Pascal : Principles, Algorithms And Data Structures” Metadata:

• Title: ➤  Program Design With Pascal : Principles, Algorithms And Data Structures
• Author: Naps, Thomas L
• Language: English

Edition Identifiers:

• Internet Archive ID: programdesignwit0000naps