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Tianjin 2012 - Mastering Complexity;World Economic Forum, uploaded by Gerard Arthus into the Public Domain under the Creative Commons License. Published on Sep 20, 2012 http://www.weforum.org/ What are the core competencies for leaders in today's interdependent and hyperconnected world? - Defining values and behaviours - Building key skills and capabilities - Developing a learning mindset · Albert-Laszlo Barabasi, Director, Center for Complex Network Research (CCNR), USA; Global Agenda Council on Complex Systems · Ãngel Cabrera, President, George Mason University, USA; Young Global Leader Alumni · Brian A. Gallagher, President and Chief Executive Officer, United Way Worldwide, USA · Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Leon, Director, Yale Center for the Study of Globalization, Yale University, USA; World Economic Forum Foundation Board Member Moderated by · Hiroko Kuniya, Anchor and Presenter, Today's Close-Up, NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation), Japan; Global Agenda Council on Japan Rapporteur · Thekla Teunis, Co-Founder and Member of the Board, Move Foundation, Netherlands; Global Shaper

Tianjin 2012 - Mastering Complexity;World Economic Forum, uploaded by Gerard Arthus into the Public Domain under the Creative Commons License. Published on Sep 20, 2012 http://www.weforum.org/ What are the core competencies for leaders in today's interdependent and hyperconnected world? - Defining values and behaviours - Building key skills and capabilities - Developing a learning mindset · Albert-Laszlo Barabasi, Director, Center for Complex Network Research (CCNR), USA; Global Agenda Council on Complex Systems · Ãngel Cabrera, President, George Mason University, USA; Young Global Leader Alumni · Brian A. Gallagher, President and Chief Executive Officer, United Way Worldwide, USA · Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Leon, Director, Yale Center for the Study of Globalization, Yale University, USA; World Economic Forum Foundation Board Member Moderated by · Hiroko Kuniya, Anchor and Presenter, Today's Close-Up, NHK (Japan Broadcasting Corporation), Japan; Global Agenda Council on Japan Rapporteur · Thekla Teunis, Co-Founder and Member of the Board, Move Foundation, Netherlands; Global Shaper

The complexity of the federal tax code has been the focus of reform efforts for decades, and has received considerable attention in the economic literature. The federal system for distributing student financial aid is similarly convoluted, yet has received relatively little attention from economists. For the typical household, the aid application (the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, known as the FAFSA) is longer and more complicated than the federal tax return. The aid process is also highly uncertain, with definitive information about freshman-year aid not revealed until the spring of the senior year in high school. The consequences of complexity and uncertainty in aid extend beyond annoyance and frustration. The intent of financial aid is to reduce the cost of college, thereby encouraging college attendance. It is argued that complexity disproportionately burdens those on the margin of college entry, thereby blunting the impact of aid on their schooling decisions. Uncertainty about aid similarly blunts its impact on behavior: high school students most sensitive to cost are unlikely to start down the path to college school if they do not know college is affordable. For those on the margin of college entry, concrete information about aid simply arrives too late. (Contains 1 exhibit, 6 figures, and 3 tables.) [This paper was produced by the Program on Education Policy and Governance, Harvard University.]

The complexity of the federal tax code has been the focus of reform efforts for decades, and has received considerable attention in the economic literature. The federal system for distributing student financial aid is similarly convoluted, yet has received relatively little attention from economists. For the typical household, the aid application (the Free Application for Federal Student Aid, known as the FAFSA) is longer and more complicated than the federal tax return. The aid process is also highly uncertain, with definitive information about freshman-year aid not revealed until the spring of the senior year in high school. The consequences of complexity and uncertainty in aid extend beyond annoyance and frustration. The intent of financial aid is to reduce the cost of college, thereby encouraging college attendance. It is argued that complexity disproportionately burdens those on the margin of college entry, thereby blunting the impact of aid on their schooling decisions. Uncertainty about aid similarly blunts its impact on behavior: high school students most sensitive to cost are unlikely to start down the path to college school if they do not know college is affordable. For those on the margin of college entry, concrete information about aid simply arrives too late. (Contains 1 exhibit, 6 figures, and 3 tables.) [This paper was produced by the Program on Education Policy and Governance, Harvard University.]

This supplement to Task lB-Large Solid Rocket Motor Case Fabrication Methods supplies additional supporting cost data and discusses in detail the methodology that was applied to the task. For the case elements studied, the cost was found to be directly proportional to the Process Complexity Factor (PCF). The PCF was obtained for each element by identifying unit processes that are common to the elements and their alternative manufacturing routes, by assigning a weight to each unit process, and by summing the weighted counts. In three instances of actual manufacture, the actual cost per pound equaled the cost estimate based on PCF per pound, but this supplement, recognizes that the methodology is of limited, rather than general, application.

This supplement to Task lB-Large Solid Rocket Motor Case Fabrication Methods supplies additional supporting cost data and discusses in detail the methodology that was applied to the task. For the case elements studied, the cost was found to be directly proportional to the Process Complexity Factor (PCF). The PCF was obtained for each element by identifying unit processes that are common to the elements and their alternative manufacturing routes, by assigning a weight to each unit process, and by summing the weighted counts. In three instances of actual manufacture, the actual cost per pound equaled the cost estimate based on PCF per pound, but this supplement, recognizes that the methodology is of limited, rather than general, application.

This supplement to Task lB-Large Solid Rocket Motor Case Fabrication Methods supplies additional supporting cost data and discusses in detail the methodology that was applied to the task. For the case elements studied, the cost was found to be directly proportional to the Process Complexity Factor (PCF). The PCF was obtained for each element by identifying unit processes that are common to the elements and their alternative manufacturing routes, by assigning a weight to each unit process, and by summing the weighted counts. In three instances of actual manufacture, the actual cost per pound equaled the cost estimate based on PCF per pound, but this supplement, recognizes that the methodology is of limited, rather than general, application.

This supplement to Task lB-Large Solid Rocket Motor Case Fabrication Methods supplies additional supporting cost data and discusses in detail the methodology that was applied to the task. For the case elements studied, the cost was found to be directly proportional to the Process Complexity Factor (PCF). The PCF was obtained for each element by identifying unit processes that are common to the elements and their alternative manufacturing routes, by assigning a weight to each unit process, and by summing the weighted counts. In three instances of actual manufacture, the actual cost per pound equaled the cost estimate based on PCF per pound, but this supplement, recognizes that the methodology is of limited, rather than general, application.

"[T]he volume represents an important contribution to the examination of issues for which Blanton has furthered scholarship, organized as three sections with cases from Mesoamerica, the Old World, and cross-cultural studies." —American Antiquity. Alternative Pathways to Complexity focuses on the themes of architecture, economics, and power in the evolution of complex societies. Case studies from Mesoamerica, Asia, Africa, and Europe examine the relationship between political structures and economic configurations of ancient chiefdoms and states through a framework of comparative archaeology.