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This systematic review aims to examine the impact cognitive strategies have on psychological and neuropsychological tasks performance. Cognitive strategies are organized through heuristics and biases, automating a set of activities that involves information processing and optimizing the use of cognitive resources. However, this whole process depends on the quality of the information, a peculiarity that depends on multiple intra-individual factors of a psychological, psychiatric and neurological nature. If there are changes that impact the quality of the information that accesses the automated systems, this will result in biased decision making and that will potentially produce an inadequate response from the individual, leading to unwanted consequences.