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There are many barriers to equal access in higher education: finances, selective admissions policies, race, and geography. Though some intensive efforts have been made to recruit minority students, the situation is not much better now than it was 20 years ago. The American higher education system has grown rapidly, but the demands on education have increased even faster. Most institutions have become more selective, and this has produced sharp stratification between levels. Much of the increase in minority group enrollment is accounted for in community colleges, the minority share among freshmen being much higher than among upper classmen. The future of governmental support for minority student programs is in doubt, and there is some uncertainty whether recent trends really reflect net enrollment change or simply describe the reallocation of a static student population, i.e. more blacks in previously all-white schools and more whites in previously all-black schools. Geography is becoming a barrier with private, prestigious institutions seeking national distribution of student populations, and the public schools limiting out-of-state enrollment. Financial considerations may force the private institutions to accept the in-state student with a state scholarship over the out-of-state student who needs financial support from the college. Legal considerations may force the public institutions to eliminate the quotas on out-of-state students. (AF)

This study shows where school segregation is concentrated and where schools remain highly integrated. It offers the first national comparison of segregation by community size and reveals that segregation remains high in big cities and serious in mid-size central cities. Many African-American and Latino students also attend segregated schools in the suburbs of the largest metropolitan areas, while rural areas and small towns, small metropolitan areas, and the suburbs of the mid-size metro areas are far more integrated. States with more fragmented district structures tend to have higher levels of segregation, particularly in states having relatively small proportions of minority students who are concentrated in a few districts. Based on these and other study findings, the country and its schools are perceived as going through vast changes without any strategy. It appears that the civil rights impulse from the 1960s is dead and racial segregation is reemerging. This report recommends policies to school districts, state government, and federal civil rights and education officials to foster integrated education and to make interracial schools function more effectively. It calls for: (1) resumption of the Civil Rights Division of the Justice Department; (2) restoration of federal aid for successful integration strategies; (3) basic research on the consequences of segregation by race, ethnicity and poverty; and (4) an examination of the ways in which multiracial education functions most effectively. (GLR)

This article is from BMC Public Health , volume 13 . Abstract Background: The 20th century’s rapid industrialization and urbanization brought important social changes to Taiwan, including an increased number of elders living alone, which has increased risk of depression for the elderly. This study aimed to evaluate the changing pattern regarding the effect of intergenerational exchanges on elders’ depressive symptoms from 1993 to 2007. Methods: Data from the second-, fourth- and sixth-wave surveys of the Study of Health and Living Status of the Middle-Aged and Elderly in Taiwan were analyzed. This study collected elders’ individual sociodemographic characteristics, their self-reported health status and their intergenerational exchanges, including living with partners or with their children and their provision of care for their grandchildren. Information about elders’ depression was evaluated using the 5-item Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).Changes in elders’ intergenerational exchanges and depressive symptoms were compared during these study periods (chi-square test). Then, logistic regression was performed to determine how significantly elders’ intergenerational exchanges were associated with their depressive symptoms across the three years 1993, 1999 and 2007. Results: The prevalence of elders living with partners decreased from 1993 to 2007 by 19%, and that of living with their children decreased from 1993 to 2007 by 7%. Conversely, the percentage of elders providing care for grandchildren dramatically increased, from 9% in 1993 to 21% in 2007. Elderly people had significantly fewer depressive symptoms in 2007 than in 1993.After adjusting for confounders, those living without a partner, living without children or providing no grandchild care had a greater risk of feeling lonely and being depressed. However, during the period 1993 to 2007, the impact on elders’ depression and loneliness of co-residing with a partner or with children decreased at the same time that the impact of their provision of grandchild care increased. In 2007, elders who provided no grandchild care were significantly more likely to feel lonely and sad as well as to have high CES-D scores; these strong associations were not found in 1993 and 1999. Conclusions: This study illustrates how taking care of grandchildren protects against depression and loneliness in elderly Taiwanese. We argue the need, in an aging society, for improving intergenerational interaction and recommend careful evaluation of the interaction between population policies and those of social welfare, such as child care.

This article is from BMC Public Health , volume 13 . Abstract Background: The 20th century’s rapid industrialization and urbanization brought important social changes to Taiwan, including an increased number of elders living alone, which has increased risk of depression for the elderly. This study aimed to evaluate the changing pattern regarding the effect of intergenerational exchanges on elders’ depressive symptoms from 1993 to 2007. Methods: Data from the second-, fourth- and sixth-wave surveys of the Study of Health and Living Status of the Middle-Aged and Elderly in Taiwan were analyzed. This study collected elders’ individual sociodemographic characteristics, their self-reported health status and their intergenerational exchanges, including living with partners or with their children and their provision of care for their grandchildren. Information about elders’ depression was evaluated using the 5-item Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).Changes in elders’ intergenerational exchanges and depressive symptoms were compared during these study periods (chi-square test). Then, logistic regression was performed to determine how significantly elders’ intergenerational exchanges were associated with their depressive symptoms across the three years 1993, 1999 and 2007. Results: The prevalence of elders living with partners decreased from 1993 to 2007 by 19%, and that of living with their children decreased from 1993 to 2007 by 7%. Conversely, the percentage of elders providing care for grandchildren dramatically increased, from 9% in 1993 to 21% in 2007. Elderly people had significantly fewer depressive symptoms in 2007 than in 1993.After adjusting for confounders, those living without a partner, living without children or providing no grandchild care had a greater risk of feeling lonely and being depressed. However, during the period 1993 to 2007, the impact on elders’ depression and loneliness of co-residing with a partner or with children decreased at the same time that the impact of their provision of grandchild care increased. In 2007, elders who provided no grandchild care were significantly more likely to feel lonely and sad as well as to have high CES-D scores; these strong associations were not found in 1993 and 1999. Conclusions: This study illustrates how taking care of grandchildren protects against depression and loneliness in elderly Taiwanese. We argue the need, in an aging society, for improving intergenerational interaction and recommend careful evaluation of the interaction between population policies and those of social welfare, such as child care.

This report analyzes the attrition of Army Reserve and Army National Guard enlistees who have had no prior military service. It develops models of attrition that assign a probability of attrition to each recruit type. The models are based on analyses of historical attrition for the fiscal year 1980- 1982 cohorts entering the Army National Guard and Army Reserve. The report focuses on separations to civilian life and develops separate models for attrition during the training and posttraining periods and the first two years after enlistment. A major finding is that economic factors and institutional policies are extremely important determinants of attrition across different cohorts. Although it is possible to predict the relative attrition risk associated with changes in composition or quality, the predictive power of such models is not good. As much as possible, changes in component policies or training standards must be accounted for, as well as the effect of changing economic conditions on both the entering cohorts and the components. Keywords: Army; Army personnel; Attrition; National Guard; Military reserves; Enlisted personnel.

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2009/12/02 : CIA-RDP86T00586R000100070010-2 Secret World Warship Purchases, GI 85-10012, Secret anuary 1985. Please substitute the attached revisions of appendixes A and B for the original versions. (The regional totals are revised in appendix A and are newly provided in appendix B.) 356 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2009/12/02 : CIA-RDP86T00586R000100070010-2 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2009/12/02 : CIA-RDP86T00586R000100070010-2 Secret Appendix A Warship Inventories of Third World Countries, 1984 Major Missile Subma- Mine Total Major Missile Subma- Mine Total Warships Boats rines Warfare Warships Boats rines Warfare Ships Ships Latin 104 48 43 14 209 Persian Gulf 12 67 0 21 100 America Bahrain 0 2 0 0 2 Argentina 17 0 5 0 22 Iran 10 11 0 5 26 Brazil 19 0 8 0 27 Iraq 0 12 0 8 20 Chile 15 2 5 0 22 Kuwait 0 8 0 0 8 Colombia 7 0 4 0 11 Oman 0 5 0 0 5 Cuba 2 34 4 12 52 Qatar 0 3 0 0 3 Ecuador 8 3 2 0 13 Saudi Arabia 2 10 0 4 16 Mexico 9 0 0 0 9 United Arab 0 6 0 0 6 Nicaragua 0 0 0 2 2 Emirates Peru 16 6 12 0 34 North Yemen 0 2 0 0 2 Uruguay 3 0 0 0 3 South Yemen 0 8 0 4 12 Venezuela 8 3 3 0 14 South Asia 44 22 14 23 103 Sub-Saharan 5 28 3 9 45 Bangladesh 3 2 0 0 5 Africa India 33 16 8 17 74 Angola 0 4 0 0 4 Pakistan 8 4 6 6 24 Cameroon 0 1 0 0 1 Southeast 45 38 3 22 108 Ethiopia 0 3 0 0 3 Asia Gabon 0 1 0 0 1 Brunei 0 3 0 0 3 Ivory Coast 0 2 0 0 2 Burma 2 0 0 0 2 Nigeria 3 6 0 1 10 Indonesia 14 4 3 4 25 Somalia 0 2 0 0 2 Malaysia 4 8 0 0 12 South Africa 2 9 3 8 22 Philippines 17 3 0 0 20 North Africa 29 140 29 22 220 Singapore 0 6 0 2 8 and Levant Thailand 6 6 0 10 22 Algeria 2 28 Vietnam 2 8 0 6 16 Egypt 12 68 East Asia 56 69 21 22 168 Israel 0 33 North Korea 4 22 19 0 45 Libya 4 56 South Korea 22 9 0 8 39 Morocco 0 5 Taiwan 30 38 2 14 84 Syria 4 26 Tunisia 0 4 --, -T- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2009/12/02 : CIA-RDP86T00586R000100070010-2 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2009/12/02 CIA-RDP86TOO586ROO0100070010-2 Appendix B Warship Purchases by Third World Countries, 1975-84 Major Missile Subma- Mine Total Major Missile Subma- Mine Total Warships Boats rines Warfare Warships Boats rives Warfare Ships Ships Latin 49 21 12 4 86 Persian Gulf 19 43 0 7 69 America Bahrain 0 2 0 0 2 Argentina 16 0 4 0 20 Iran 1 0 0 0 1 Brazil 0 0 2 0 2 Iraq 10 0 0 2 12 Chile 2 2 2 0 6 Kuwait 0 8 0 0 8 Colombia 5 0 0 0 5 Oman 0 4 0 0 4 Cuba 2 13 4 2 21 Qatar 0 3 0 0 3 Ecuador 8 0 0 0 8 Saudi Arabia 8 10 0 4 22 Mexico 2 0 0 0 2 United Arab 0 6 0 0 6 Nicaragua 0 0 0 2 2 Emirates Peru 8 6 0 0 14 North Yemen 0 2 0 0 2 Venezuela 6 0 0 0 6 South Yemen 0 8 0 1 9 Sub-Saharan 3 29 0 1 33 South Asia 20 16 11 9 56 Africa Bangladesh 3 4 0 0 7 Angola 0 4 0 0 4 India 11 8 8 9 36 Cameroon 0 1 0 0 1 Pakistan 6 4 3 0 13 Ethiopia 0 3 0 0 3 Southeast 27 34 2 12 75 Gabon 0 1 0 0 1 Asia Ivory Coast 0 2 0 0 2 Brunei 0 3 0 0 3 Nigeria 3 6 0 1 10 Malaysia 3 4 0 4 11 Somalia 0 2 0 0 2 Indonesia 7 16 2 2 27 South Africa 0 10 0 0 10 Philippines 13 0 0 0 13 North Africa 16 46 6 6 74 Thailand 2 3 0 0 5 and Levant Vietnam 2 8 0 6 16 Algeria 2 2 23 East Asia 15 4 11 0 30 Egypt 4 0 20 North Korea 0 4 11 0 15 Israel 0 0 12 Libya 0 4 5 Morocco 0 0 5 Syria 0 0 6 Tunisia 0 0 3 -r, ; -~ Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2009/12/02 : CIA-RDP86TOO586ROO0100070010-2

This article is from Journal of Breast Cancer , volume 15 . Abstract Purpose: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in Korean women, and its incidence is increasing at a rapid rate. Since 1996, the Korean Breast Cancer Society has collected nationwide breast cancer data using an online registration program and analyzed the data biennial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of Korean breast cancer and to analyze changes in these characteristics over the period of time. Methods: Data were collected from 41 medical schools (74 hospitals), 24 general hospitals, and 6 private clinics. Data on the total number, gender, and age of newly-diagnosed breast cancer patients were collected through a questionnaire. Additional data were collected and analyzed from the online database. Results: In 2010, 16,398 patients in Korea were newly diagnosed with breast cancer. The crude incidence rate of female breast cancer was 67.2 cases per 100,000, and the median age at diagnosis was 49 years. The incidence of breast cancer was highest in patients aged between 40 and 49 years. Since 1996, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of early-stage cancers (detected in stage 1 or 2), the percentage of estrogen receptor-positive cancers, and in the proportion of patients receiving breast-conserving surgery. Conclusion: The incidence and clinical characteristics of Korean breast cancer are slowly changing to the patterns of Western countries. To understand changing patterns in the characteristics of Korean breast cancer, the nationwide data should be continuously analyzed.

This article is from Journal of Breast Cancer , volume 15 . Abstract Purpose: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in Korean women, and its incidence is increasing at a rapid rate. Since 1996, the Korean Breast Cancer Society has collected nationwide breast cancer data using an online registration program and analyzed the data biennial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of Korean breast cancer and to analyze changes in these characteristics over the period of time. Methods: Data were collected from 41 medical schools (74 hospitals), 24 general hospitals, and 6 private clinics. Data on the total number, gender, and age of newly-diagnosed breast cancer patients were collected through a questionnaire. Additional data were collected and analyzed from the online database. Results: In 2010, 16,398 patients in Korea were newly diagnosed with breast cancer. The crude incidence rate of female breast cancer was 67.2 cases per 100,000, and the median age at diagnosis was 49 years. The incidence of breast cancer was highest in patients aged between 40 and 49 years. Since 1996, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of early-stage cancers (detected in stage 1 or 2), the percentage of estrogen receptor-positive cancers, and in the proportion of patients receiving breast-conserving surgery. Conclusion: The incidence and clinical characteristics of Korean breast cancer are slowly changing to the patterns of Western countries. To understand changing patterns in the characteristics of Korean breast cancer, the nationwide data should be continuously analyzed.

This article is from Journal of Breast Cancer , volume 15 . Abstract Purpose: Breast cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies in Korean women, and its incidence is increasing at a rapid rate. Since 1996, the Korean Breast Cancer Society has collected nationwide breast cancer data using an online registration program and analyzed the data biennial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of Korean breast cancer and to analyze changes in these characteristics over the period of time. Methods: Data were collected from 41 medical schools (74 hospitals), 24 general hospitals, and 6 private clinics. Data on the total number, gender, and age of newly-diagnosed breast cancer patients were collected through a questionnaire. Additional data were collected and analyzed from the online database. Results: In 2010, 16,398 patients in Korea were newly diagnosed with breast cancer. The crude incidence rate of female breast cancer was 67.2 cases per 100,000, and the median age at diagnosis was 49 years. The incidence of breast cancer was highest in patients aged between 40 and 49 years. Since 1996, there has been a significant increase in the proportion of early-stage cancers (detected in stage 1 or 2), the percentage of estrogen receptor-positive cancers, and in the proportion of patients receiving breast-conserving surgery. Conclusion: The incidence and clinical characteristics of Korean breast cancer are slowly changing to the patterns of Western countries. To understand changing patterns in the characteristics of Korean breast cancer, the nationwide data should be continuously analyzed.

vii, 172 p. : 31 cm

vii, 172 p. : 31 cm

vii, 172 p. : 31 cm

vii, 172 p. : 31 cm

SPECIAL RELEASE LOCAL EPISODE! Grew up in a home with an alcoholic mom who I KNOW loved me but because of the circumstances, I was forced into unhealthy coping mechanisms (people pleasing, magical "empath" qualities, constantly questioning my inner voice and compass) One day I realized I was communicating with my kids the way she communicated with me...not healthy communication patterns AT ALL I realized I was parenting with the unwritten generational parenting handbook that my ancestors passed down to me without me even knowing it. Although I swore I wouldn't be my mom, I did in fact, become my mother.  Started researching and learning about different ways to parent, friends and family sought parenting advice and guidance so I decided to look into becoming a coach Changing the way I parent has completely transformed the bond I have with my kids and it started with ME!  ABOUT CANDICE: I own Parents of Presence and I am a parent coach.  I provide support for parents who simply want to uplevel their parenting or need support through the rough spots because parenting is hard AF FIND HER HERE:  Website: www.parentsofpresence.com Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/ParentsOfPresence Instagram: @parentsofpresence --- Send in a voice message: https://podcasters.spotify.com/pod/show/becoming-parents/message

This article is from Malaria Journal , volume 10 . Abstract Background: Malaria is reportedly receding in different epidemiological settings, but local long-term surveys are limited. At Mlomp dispensary in south-western Senegal, an area of moderate malaria transmission, year-round, clinically-suspected malaria was treated with monotherapy as per WHO and national policy in the 1990s. Since 2000, there has been a staggered deployment of artesunate-amodiaquine after parasitological confirmation; this was adopted nationally in 2006. Methods: Data were extracted from clinic registers for the period between January 1996 and December 2010, analysed and modelled. Results: Over the 15-year study period, the risk of malaria decreased about 32-times (from 0.4 to 0.012 episodes person-year), while anti-malarial treatments decreased 13-times (from 0.9 to 0.07 treatments person-year) and consultations for fever decreased 3-times (from 1.8 to 0.6 visits person-year). This was paralleled by changes in the age profile of malaria patients so that the risk of malaria is now almost uniformly distributed throughout life, while in the past malaria used to concern more children below 16 years of age. Conclusions: This study provides direct evidence of malaria risk receding between 1996-2010 and becoming equal throughout life where transmission used to be moderate. Infection rates are no longer enough to sustain immunity. Temporally, this coincides with deploying artemisinin combinations on parasitological confirmation, but other contributing causes are unclear.

Based on data from a 1979 survey of ARL member libraries, this study by the Office of Management Studies analyzes the responses of selected libraries which had provided internal studies or planning documents on the subject of internal communication and notes the extent of resulting changes in procedures. The studies yielded information on staff communication concerns, especially with respect to personnel development, job effectiveness, and the systematization of communication methods and procedures. Changes in organizational communication patterns resulting from recommendations implemented in the libraries which conducted internal studies centered on these same areas. Though most of the libraries took some action in each area, management and organizational factors affected the success of implementation. Easily implemented recommendations dealt with personnel and job effectiveness issues, while the difficult to implement recommendations were those related to the standardization or centralization of communication functions. Study of the decisions surrounding the adoption of AACR2 revealed that clear management expectations provide a basis for communication between individual service units and establish a central responsibility for the communication of plans and decisions. Suggestions for improving organizational communications in academic libraries are appended. (JL)

Based on data from a 1979 survey of ARL member libraries, this study by the Office of Management Studies analyzes the responses of selected libraries which had provided internal studies or planning documents on the subject of internal communication and notes the extent of resulting changes in procedures. The studies yielded information on staff communication concerns, especially with respect to personnel development, job effectiveness, and the systematization of communication methods and procedures. Changes in organizational communication patterns resulting from recommendations implemented in the libraries which conducted internal studies centered on these same areas. Though most of the libraries took some action in each area, management and organizational factors affected the success of implementation. Easily implemented recommendations dealt with personnel and job effectiveness issues, while the difficult to implement recommendations were those related to the standardization or centralization of communication functions. Study of the decisions surrounding the adoption of AACR2 revealed that clear management expectations provide a basis for communication between individual service units and establish a central responsibility for the communication of plans and decisions. Suggestions for improving organizational communications in academic libraries are appended. (JL)

Based on data from a 1979 survey of ARL member libraries, this study by the Office of Management Studies analyzes the responses of selected libraries which had provided internal studies or planning documents on the subject of internal communication and notes the extent of resulting changes in procedures. The studies yielded information on staff communication concerns, especially with respect to personnel development, job effectiveness, and the systematization of communication methods and procedures. Changes in organizational communication patterns resulting from recommendations implemented in the libraries which conducted internal studies centered on these same areas. Though most of the libraries took some action in each area, management and organizational factors affected the success of implementation. Easily implemented recommendations dealt with personnel and job effectiveness issues, while the difficult to implement recommendations were those related to the standardization or centralization of communication functions. Study of the decisions surrounding the adoption of AACR2 revealed that clear management expectations provide a basis for communication between individual service units and establish a central responsibility for the communication of plans and decisions. Suggestions for improving organizational communications in academic libraries are appended. (JL)

Based on data from a 1979 survey of ARL member libraries, this study by the Office of Management Studies analyzes the responses of selected libraries which had provided internal studies or planning documents on the subject of internal communication and notes the extent of resulting changes in procedures. The studies yielded information on staff communication concerns, especially with respect to personnel development, job effectiveness, and the systematization of communication methods and procedures. Changes in organizational communication patterns resulting from recommendations implemented in the libraries which conducted internal studies centered on these same areas. Though most of the libraries took some action in each area, management and organizational factors affected the success of implementation. Easily implemented recommendations dealt with personnel and job effectiveness issues, while the difficult to implement recommendations were those related to the standardization or centralization of communication functions. Study of the decisions surrounding the adoption of AACR2 revealed that clear management expectations provide a basis for communication between individual service units and establish a central responsibility for the communication of plans and decisions. Suggestions for improving organizational communications in academic libraries are appended. (JL)

Based on data from a 1979 survey of ARL member libraries, this study by the Office of Management Studies analyzes the responses of selected libraries which had provided internal studies or planning documents on the subject of internal communication and notes the extent of resulting changes in procedures. The studies yielded information on staff communication concerns, especially with respect to personnel development, job effectiveness, and the systematization of communication methods and procedures. Changes in organizational communication patterns resulting from recommendations implemented in the libraries which conducted internal studies centered on these same areas. Though most of the libraries took some action in each area, management and organizational factors affected the success of implementation. Easily implemented recommendations dealt with personnel and job effectiveness issues, while the difficult to implement recommendations were those related to the standardization or centralization of communication functions. Study of the decisions surrounding the adoption of AACR2 revealed that clear management expectations provide a basis for communication between individual service units and establish a central responsibility for the communication of plans and decisions. Suggestions for improving organizational communications in academic libraries are appended. (JL)

Based on data from a 1979 survey of ARL member libraries, this study by the Office of Management Studies analyzes the responses of selected libraries which had provided internal studies or planning documents on the subject of internal communication and notes the extent of resulting changes in procedures. The studies yielded information on staff communication concerns, especially with respect to personnel development, job effectiveness, and the systematization of communication methods and procedures. Changes in organizational communication patterns resulting from recommendations implemented in the libraries which conducted internal studies centered on these same areas. Though most of the libraries took some action in each area, management and organizational factors affected the success of implementation. Easily implemented recommendations dealt with personnel and job effectiveness issues, while the difficult to implement recommendations were those related to the standardization or centralization of communication functions. Study of the decisions surrounding the adoption of AACR2 revealed that clear management expectations provide a basis for communication between individual service units and establish a central responsibility for the communication of plans and decisions. Suggestions for improving organizational communications in academic libraries are appended. (JL)

Based on data from a 1979 survey of ARL member libraries, this study by the Office of Management Studies analyzes the responses of selected libraries which had provided internal studies or planning documents on the subject of internal communication and notes the extent of resulting changes in procedures. The studies yielded information on staff communication concerns, especially with respect to personnel development, job effectiveness, and the systematization of communication methods and procedures. Changes in organizational communication patterns resulting from recommendations implemented in the libraries which conducted internal studies centered on these same areas. Though most of the libraries took some action in each area, management and organizational factors affected the success of implementation. Easily implemented recommendations dealt with personnel and job effectiveness issues, while the difficult to implement recommendations were those related to the standardization or centralization of communication functions. Study of the decisions surrounding the adoption of AACR2 revealed that clear management expectations provide a basis for communication between individual service units and establish a central responsibility for the communication of plans and decisions. Suggestions for improving organizational communications in academic libraries are appended. (JL)

Based on data from a 1979 survey of ARL member libraries, this study by the Office of Management Studies analyzes the responses of selected libraries which had provided internal studies or planning documents on the subject of internal communication and notes the extent of resulting changes in procedures. The studies yielded information on staff communication concerns, especially with respect to personnel development, job effectiveness, and the systematization of communication methods and procedures. Changes in organizational communication patterns resulting from recommendations implemented in the libraries which conducted internal studies centered on these same areas. Though most of the libraries took some action in each area, management and organizational factors affected the success of implementation. Easily implemented recommendations dealt with personnel and job effectiveness issues, while the difficult to implement recommendations were those related to the standardization or centralization of communication functions. Study of the decisions surrounding the adoption of AACR2 revealed that clear management expectations provide a basis for communication between individual service units and establish a central responsibility for the communication of plans and decisions. Suggestions for improving organizational communications in academic libraries are appended. (JL)

Changing Patterns Of Warfare Between India And Pakistan Navigating The Impact Of New And Disruptive Technologies ( Rizwana Abbasi, Muhammad Saeed Uzzaman) ( Dr Furqan Library)

Includes bibliographical references and index

There exists today a series of discrepant ideas about the problem of work and leisure. Society in general feels that the wrong people will have the new leisure, that the professional persons of the country are going to work hard while those on the technical level will be less and less committed to their jobs. The new leisure will go to the imperfectly educated, unmotivated part of the community which will "misuse" it. The idea that each individual buys his way to food, shelter, education, and safety by holding a job was characteristic of the industrial revolution. The idea is no longer appropriate. A future problem will be how to devise a system in which every individual has dignity and purpose in society, and the society has a rationale for distributing the results of its high productivity. A way must be devised to simultaneously talk about full employment for the present and plan for a different kind of society in the future. The dichotomy between work and leisure must be eliminated. There is needed a new concept of participation in society, participation meaning something like citizenship. A question-answer interchange between speaker and audience is included. (SL)

There exists today a series of discrepant ideas about the problem of work and leisure. Society in general feels that the wrong people will have the new leisure, that the professional persons of the country are going to work hard while those on the technical level will be less and less committed to their jobs. The new leisure will go to the imperfectly educated, unmotivated part of the community which will "misuse" it. The idea that each individual buys his way to food, shelter, education, and safety by holding a job was characteristic of the industrial revolution. The idea is no longer appropriate. A future problem will be how to devise a system in which every individual has dignity and purpose in society, and the society has a rationale for distributing the results of its high productivity. A way must be devised to simultaneously talk about full employment for the present and plan for a different kind of society in the future. The dichotomy between work and leisure must be eliminated. There is needed a new concept of participation in society, participation meaning something like citizenship. A question-answer interchange between speaker and audience is included. (SL)

xi, 202 p. ; 24 cm

xi, 202 p. ; 24 cm

xi, 202 p. ; 24 cm

xi, 202 p. ; 24 cm

xi, 202 p. ; 24 cm

xi, 202 p. ; 24 cm

xi, 202 p. ; 24 cm

The author explains behavior in terms of reinforcement and provides some suggestions and guidelines for teachers in setting goals for students and influencing student behavior. (IM)

Includes bibliographical references (pages 337-360) and index

First part duplicate of tobacco_nan02b00, second part is a silent footage for Project "Kilt" (cigarette smoking equipment).

This article is from Journal of Global Health , volume 4 . Abstract Background: In this study we analysed the spatial and temporal changes in patterns of mortality over a period when antiretroviral therapy (ART) was rolled out in a rural region of north–eastern South Africa. Previous studies have identified localised concentrated HIV related sub–epidemics and recommended that micro–level analyses be carried out in order to direct focused interventions. Methods: Data from an ongoing health and socio–demographic surveillance study was used in the analysis. The follow–up was divided into two periods, 2007–2008 and 2009–2010, representing the times immediately before and after the effects on mortality of the decentralised ART provision from a newly established local health centre would be expected to be evident. The study population at the start of the analysis was approximately 73 000 individuals. Data were aggregated by village and also using a 2 × 2 km grid. We identified villages, grid squares and regions in the site where mortality rates within each time period or rate ratios between the periods differed significantly from the overall trends. We used clustering techniques to identify cause–specific mortality hotspots. Findings: Comparing the two periods, there was a 30% decrease in age and gender standardised adult HIV–related and TB (HIV/TB) mortality with no change in mortality due to other causes. There was considerable spatial heterogeneity in the mortality patterns. Areas separated by 2 to 4 km with very different epidemic trajectories were identified. There was evidence that the impact of ART in reducing HIV/TB mortality was greatest in communities with higher mortality rates in the earlier period. Conclusions: This study shows the value of conducting high resolution spatial analyses in order to understand how local micro–epidemics contribute to changes seen over a wider area. Such analyses can support targeted interventions.

This article is from Journal of Global Health , volume 4 . Abstract Background: In this study we analysed the spatial and temporal changes in patterns of mortality over a period when antiretroviral therapy (ART) was rolled out in a rural region of north–eastern South Africa. Previous studies have identified localised concentrated HIV related sub–epidemics and recommended that micro–level analyses be carried out in order to direct focused interventions. Methods: Data from an ongoing health and socio–demographic surveillance study was used in the analysis. The follow–up was divided into two periods, 2007–2008 and 2009–2010, representing the times immediately before and after the effects on mortality of the decentralised ART provision from a newly established local health centre would be expected to be evident. The study population at the start of the analysis was approximately 73 000 individuals. Data were aggregated by village and also using a 2 × 2 km grid. We identified villages, grid squares and regions in the site where mortality rates within each time period or rate ratios between the periods differed significantly from the overall trends. We used clustering techniques to identify cause–specific mortality hotspots. Findings: Comparing the two periods, there was a 30% decrease in age and gender standardised adult HIV–related and TB (HIV/TB) mortality with no change in mortality due to other causes. There was considerable spatial heterogeneity in the mortality patterns. Areas separated by 2 to 4 km with very different epidemic trajectories were identified. There was evidence that the impact of ART in reducing HIV/TB mortality was greatest in communities with higher mortality rates in the earlier period. Conclusions: This study shows the value of conducting high resolution spatial analyses in order to understand how local micro–epidemics contribute to changes seen over a wider area. Such analyses can support targeted interventions.

Includes index

Includes index

Includes index

Includes index

Thesis (M.S. in Public Relations)--American University, 1974

This is a preview of Changing patterns of hormones with aging by Eugene Shippen, MD at the 2006 A4M Conference. Visit www.instatapes.com to purchase this lecture and many others on DiGiVision, video and slides synced. Also, visit www.worldhealth.net for the conference sponsor. Item #A4M-091W05(DES-062W)

Uses data on eleventh grade students from the 1983-84 National Assessment of Progress (NAEP) as a baseline for examining the effects of changing state policies on student course taking and on the relationship between course taking and student characteristics. [This document is a reissue of the September 1989 CPRE Research Report RR-013 under the same title (ED311568).]

Uses data on eleventh grade students from the 1983-84 National Assessment of Progress (NAEP) as a baseline for examining the effects of changing state policies on student course taking and on the relationship between course taking and student characteristics. [This document is a reissue of the September 1989 CPRE Research Report RR-013 under the same title (ED311568).]

Agricultural Geography is mainly concerned with the spatio temporal analysis of agricultural activities. The most striking characteristic feature of the present day agriculture is its great diversity of practice, products and organisation Grigg, D. 1969 . The bewildering diversity of agricultural practices and pattern of crop farming is due to diversity in topographical, agro climatic, cultural, socio economic and technological conditions Ramanaiah, Y.V., 1984 . A systematic study of crop land relationship not only helps agricultural regionalisation but also provides a scientific basis for land resource allocation to various agricultural crops and planning for maximum productivity Singh and Singh, 1970 . The spatial patterns and dynamics of cropland utilisation in agriculture have received due importance in the field of agricultural geography. The study of cropping pattern or crop land relationship helps to develop typology and taxonomy of agriculture. Hence in the present study an endeavour is made to study the changing spatial patterns of general crops in Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh for two trienniums i.e., 1987 90 and 2012 15 taking Mandal as unit. N. Bala Ankanna | A. Krishna Kumari "Changing Patterns of General Crops in Nellore District, Andhra Pradesh" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-3 | Issue-6 , October 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd28055.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/humanities-and-the-arts/geography/28055/changing-patterns-of-general-crops-in-nellore-district-andhra-pradesh/n-bala-ankanna

Skyrocketing college tuitions and trillion-dollar student loan debt have put college and university spending in the spotlight. Policymakers, parents, and students are asking why tuitions at public four-year colleges and universities have soared nearly 160 percent since 1990 and how this is affecting the higher education workforce. This report looks at long-term employment changes on college and university campuses during the past two decades and examines fluctuations in faculty staffing patterns, growth in administrative positions, and the effects of the recent recession on long-standing employment trends. It goes beyond other studies (Zaback, 2011; Bennett, 2009) to explore the effects of these staffing changes on total compensation, institutional spending patterns, and ultimately tuitions. An appendix contains four table: (1) Average headcount and full-time equivalent (FTE) employees per 1,000 FTE students, 1990-2012; (2) Number of employees by job classification, 1990-2012; (3) Average number of employees per 1,000 full-time equivalent (FTE) students, by job classification, 1990-2012; and (4) Change in wage and salary expenditures per total FTE staff, FY 2002-FY 2010.

Skyrocketing college tuitions and trillion-dollar student loan debt have put college and university spending in the spotlight. Policymakers, parents, and students are asking why tuitions at public four-year colleges and universities have soared nearly 160 percent since 1990 and how this is affecting the higher education workforce. This report looks at long-term employment changes on college and university campuses during the past two decades and examines fluctuations in faculty staffing patterns, growth in administrative positions, and the effects of the recent recession on long-standing employment trends. It goes beyond other studies (Zaback, 2011; Bennett, 2009) to explore the effects of these staffing changes on total compensation, institutional spending patterns, and ultimately tuitions. An appendix contains four table: (1) Average headcount and full-time equivalent (FTE) employees per 1,000 FTE students, 1990-2012; (2) Number of employees by job classification, 1990-2012; (3) Average number of employees per 1,000 full-time equivalent (FTE) students, by job classification, 1990-2012; and (4) Change in wage and salary expenditures per total FTE staff, FY 2002-FY 2010.