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Tumor progression and metastasis is mediated not only by tumor cells but by the surrounding stroma as well, including the vascular endothelium. Knowledge of the molecular and cellular interactions that promote metastasis is required to determine prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for metastatic breast cancer. A clinically relevant syngeneic model of breast cancer metastasis has been used to determine gene expression alterations that occur in both tumor epithelial cells and the associated vascular endothelium throughout metastatic progression. A number of candidates have been identified as over-expressed or suppressed in tumor endothelium and in the tumor cells themselves during metastatic progression. Some of these have been verified and are being analysed further for their functional role in metastasis, and for their role in human breast cancer. Of particular interest are 3 groups of genes- the increased expression and activity of cathepsin proteases and their inhibitor Stefin A, suppression of interleukin receptors IL13r 1 and IL4r and the interferon regulatory factor IRF7 (genes involved in immune defence) and also suppression of a novel gene that may have promise as a metastasis suppressor, Lrch2. In the human disease, our studies have shown that a lack of Stefin A primary tumor expression decreased risk of recurrence and improved patient outcome in a small cohort study.

In this study, we have utilized glioma patients along with two unique murine glioma models: RCAS glioma model and Gl261 model to study various lineages of BMDCs during different stages of glial tumors. Importantly, we identified the unique the population VEGFR2+MDSCs in both patients and mice, which might be used as a surrogate marker for glioma diagnosis and prognosis in future. We have validated the changes of myeloid lineage and endothelial lineages during the progression of gliomas, and We observed the increased population of myeloid derived suppressor cells and endothelial progenitor cells in murine glioma models. We have created inducible VEGFR2 knockout system in glioma bearing mice. Taking advantage of this transgenetic model, we demonstrated that bone marrow derived VEGFR2 signaling plays an important role in myeloid differentiation, and infiltration into tumor tissues. Deficiency of VEGFR2 in BMDCs led to impairment of tumor associated myeloid cells and delayed progression of low-grade glioma. All of these findings may have implications to suppress the switch of low-grade to high-grade transformation, and predict the long-term survival.

In this study, we have utilized glioma patients along with two unique murine glioma models: RCAS glioma model and Gl261 model to study various lineages of BMDCs during different stages of glial tumors. Importantly, we identified the unique the population VEGFR2+MDSCs in both patients and mice, which might be used as a surrogate marker for glioma diagnosis and prognosis in future. We have validated the changes of myeloid lineage and endothelial lineages during the progression of gliomas, and We observed the increased population of myeloid derived suppressor cells and endothelial progenitor cells in murine glioma models. We have created inducible VEGFR2 knockout system in glioma bearing mice. Taking advantage of this transgenetic model, we demonstrated that bone marrow derived VEGFR2 signaling plays an important role in myeloid differentiation, and infiltration into tumor tissues. Deficiency of VEGFR2 in BMDCs led to impairment of tumor associated myeloid cells and delayed progression of low-grade glioma. All of these findings may have implications to suppress the switch of low-grade to high-grade transformation, and predict the long-term survival.

This article is from Cancer Research and Treatment : Official Journal of Korean Cancer Association , volume 43 . Abstract Purpose: Response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is an important prognostic factor for osteosarcoma (OS) and the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT). [F-18]-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive imaging modality that predicts histologic response to chemotherapy of various malignancies; however, limited data exist about the usefulness of FDG-PET in predicting the histologic response of pediatric bone tumors to chemotherapy. We analyzed the FDG-PET imaging characteristics of pediatric bone tumors and determined the association with response to chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: Pediatric patients with OS (n=19) or ESFT (n=17) were evaluated for FDG-PET standard uptake values before (SUV1) and after (SUV2) chemotherapy. The relationship to the chemotherapy response was assessed by histopathology in surgically-excised tumors. A complete data set (SUV1, SUV2, and histologic response) was available in 23 patients. Results: While the mean SUV1s were not different between patients with OSs and ESFTs (9.44 vs. 6.07, p=0.24), the SUV2s were greater in the patients with OSs than ESFTs (4.55 vs. 1.66, p=0.01). The ratios of SUV2-to-SUV1 (SUV2 : SUV1) were 0.65 and 0.35 for OS and ESFT, respectively (p=0.08). All of the patients with ESFTs and 47% of the patients with OS had a favorable histologic response to chemotherapy. The SUV2 : 1 [(SUV1-SUV2)/SUV1]≥0.5 and SUV2≤2.5 were related to favorable histologic responses to chemotherapy; the sensitivity and specificity of SUV2 : 1 at 0.5 and SUV2 at 2.5 were 93% and 88%, and 88% and 78%, respectively. Conclusion: FDG-PET can be used as a non-invasive surrogate to predict response to chemotherapy in children with bone tumors.

This article is from Cancer Research and Treatment : Official Journal of Korean Cancer Association , volume 43 . Abstract Purpose: Response to neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is an important prognostic factor for osteosarcoma (OS) and the Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT). [F-18]-fluorodeoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) is a non-invasive imaging modality that predicts histologic response to chemotherapy of various malignancies; however, limited data exist about the usefulness of FDG-PET in predicting the histologic response of pediatric bone tumors to chemotherapy. We analyzed the FDG-PET imaging characteristics of pediatric bone tumors and determined the association with response to chemotherapy. Materials and Methods: Pediatric patients with OS (n=19) or ESFT (n=17) were evaluated for FDG-PET standard uptake values before (SUV1) and after (SUV2) chemotherapy. The relationship to the chemotherapy response was assessed by histopathology in surgically-excised tumors. A complete data set (SUV1, SUV2, and histologic response) was available in 23 patients. Results: While the mean SUV1s were not different between patients with OSs and ESFTs (9.44 vs. 6.07, p=0.24), the SUV2s were greater in the patients with OSs than ESFTs (4.55 vs. 1.66, p=0.01). The ratios of SUV2-to-SUV1 (SUV2 : SUV1) were 0.65 and 0.35 for OS and ESFT, respectively (p=0.08). All of the patients with ESFTs and 47% of the patients with OS had a favorable histologic response to chemotherapy. The SUV2 : 1 [(SUV1-SUV2)/SUV1]≥0.5 and SUV2≤2.5 were related to favorable histologic responses to chemotherapy; the sensitivity and specificity of SUV2 : 1 at 0.5 and SUV2 at 2.5 were 93% and 88%, and 88% and 78%, respectively. Conclusion: FDG-PET can be used as a non-invasive surrogate to predict response to chemotherapy in children with bone tumors.

This article is from BMC Cancer , volume 13 . Abstract Background: Neural-cadherin (N-cadherin) is one of the most important molecules involved in tissue morphogenesis, wound healing, and the maintenance of tissue integrity. Recently, the cleavage of N-cadherin has become a focus of attention in the field of cancer biology. Cadherin and their ectodomain proteolytic shedding play important roles during cancer progression. The aims of this study are to investigate the serum soluble N-cadherin (sN-CAD) levels in patients with malignant bone and soft tissue tumors, and to evaluate the prognostic significance of the sN-CAD levels. Methods: We examined the level of serum sN-CAD using an ELISA in 80 malignant bone and soft tissue tumors (bone sarcoma, n = 23; soft tissue sarcoma, n = 50; metastatic cancer, n = 7) and 87 normal controls. The mean age of the patients was 51 years (range, 10–85 years) and the mean follow-up period was 43 months (range, 1–115 months). Results: The median serum sN-CAD level was 1,267 ng/ml (range, 135–2,860 ng/ml) in all patients. The mean serum sN-CAD level was 1,269 ng/ml (range, 360–2,860 ng/ml) in sarcoma patients, otherwise 1,246 ng/ml (range, 135–2,140 ng/ml) in cancer patients. The sN-CAD levels in patient were higher than those found in the controls, who had a median serum level of 108 ng/ml (range, 0–540 ng/ml). The patients with tumors larger than 5 cm had higher serum sN-CAD levels than the patients with tumors smaller than 5 cm. The histological grade in the patients with higher serum sN-CAD levels was higher than that in the patients with lower serum sN-CAD levels. A univariate analysis demonstrated that the patients with higher serum sN-CAD levels showed a worse disease-free survival rate, local recurrence-free survival rate, metastasis-free survival rate, and overall survival rate compared to those with lower serum sN-CAD levels. In the multivariate analysis, sN-CAD was an independent factor predicting disease-free survival. Conclusions: sN-CAD is a biomarker for malignant bone and soft tissue tumors, and a potentially valuable pre-therapeutic prognostic factor in patients with bone and soft tissue sarcoma.

Tumor progression and metastasis is mediated not only by tumor cells but by the surrounding stroma as well, including the vascular endothelium. Knowledge of the molecular and cellular interactions that promote metastasis is required to determine prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for metastatic breast cancer. A clinically relevant syngeneic model of breast cancer metastasis has been used to determine gene expression alterations that occur in both tumor epithelial cells and the associated vascular endothelium throughout metastatic progression. Expression profiles of immunopurified cell populations derived from primary tumors of varying metastatic potential have identified aberrant gene expression in endothelial (Cathepsin D, SNAIL and FoxPI) and tumor/epithelial (Stefin A1 and Breast Cancer Metastasis Suppressor gene 1, BRMS1) cells. Analysis of matched primary tumors and spine metastases revealed the additional up-regulation of the cathepsin inhibitor Stefin Al at sites of distant metastasis, including lung and bone. Further, we have preliminary evidence of prognostic significance of Stefin A expression in primary human breast tumors, with a significant increase in Stefin A positivity in tumors derived from patients that developed soft tissue and bone metastases (N=24). In a small study, human breast cancer bone metastases were positive for Stefin A, indicating the clinical validity of the murine model and the potential significance of Stefin A in bone metastasis. In co-cultures, Stefin Al expression is induced in vitro in highly metastatic cells when co-cultured with stroma. The role of cathepsins and the inhibitor Stefin A1 in breast cancer metastasis are under investigation by examining the effect of stefin A over-expression on metastasis and the associated role of the cathepsins.

This article is from Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine , volume 5 . Abstract The first objective of the present study was to investigate fatigue severity in patients diagnosed with bone and soft tissue tumors prior to the surgical treatment of the tumor and 6 months post-operatively. The second objective was to determine which variables are associated with severe fatigue. Patients diagnosed with benign or low-grade malignant bone and soft tissue tumors, undergoing surgical therapy for the tumor only, were included in this study. The control group contained patients scheduled for knee arthroscopy for suspected meniscus tears. Fatigue, pain, anxiety and self-efficacy were measured pre-operatively and after 6 months and each patient wore an actometer to quantify physical activity. In the tumor group of 43 patients, 35% were severely fatigued pre-operatively and 33% post-operatively. The tumor group reported a significantly higher level of anxiety. No differences were observed in pain, physical limitations, self-efficacy or actometer scores. Multiple regression analysis of the tumor group revealed that higher pain scores, higher state anxiety and lower self-efficacy were asssociated with fatigue severity. In the control group of 24 knee arthroscopy patients, the percentage of severely fatigued patients decreased from 38% (n=9) prior to treatment to 29% (n=7) 6 months later. A substantial number of patients were severely fatigued in both the tumor group and the knee arthroscopy group. Self-efficacy, pain and anxiety appear to be the most important variables associated with fatigue severity in tumor patients prior to surgery.

This article is from Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine , volume 5 . Abstract The first objective of the present study was to investigate fatigue severity in patients diagnosed with bone and soft tissue tumors prior to the surgical treatment of the tumor and 6 months post-operatively. The second objective was to determine which variables are associated with severe fatigue. Patients diagnosed with benign or low-grade malignant bone and soft tissue tumors, undergoing surgical therapy for the tumor only, were included in this study. The control group contained patients scheduled for knee arthroscopy for suspected meniscus tears. Fatigue, pain, anxiety and self-efficacy were measured pre-operatively and after 6 months and each patient wore an actometer to quantify physical activity. In the tumor group of 43 patients, 35% were severely fatigued pre-operatively and 33% post-operatively. The tumor group reported a significantly higher level of anxiety. No differences were observed in pain, physical limitations, self-efficacy or actometer scores. Multiple regression analysis of the tumor group revealed that higher pain scores, higher state anxiety and lower self-efficacy were asssociated with fatigue severity. In the control group of 24 knee arthroscopy patients, the percentage of severely fatigued patients decreased from 38% (n=9) prior to treatment to 29% (n=7) 6 months later. A substantial number of patients were severely fatigued in both the tumor group and the knee arthroscopy group. Self-efficacy, pain and anxiety appear to be the most important variables associated with fatigue severity in tumor patients prior to surgery.

This article is from Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine , volume 5 . Abstract The first objective of the present study was to investigate fatigue severity in patients diagnosed with bone and soft tissue tumors prior to the surgical treatment of the tumor and 6 months post-operatively. The second objective was to determine which variables are associated with severe fatigue. Patients diagnosed with benign or low-grade malignant bone and soft tissue tumors, undergoing surgical therapy for the tumor only, were included in this study. The control group contained patients scheduled for knee arthroscopy for suspected meniscus tears. Fatigue, pain, anxiety and self-efficacy were measured pre-operatively and after 6 months and each patient wore an actometer to quantify physical activity. In the tumor group of 43 patients, 35% were severely fatigued pre-operatively and 33% post-operatively. The tumor group reported a significantly higher level of anxiety. No differences were observed in pain, physical limitations, self-efficacy or actometer scores. Multiple regression analysis of the tumor group revealed that higher pain scores, higher state anxiety and lower self-efficacy were asssociated with fatigue severity. In the control group of 24 knee arthroscopy patients, the percentage of severely fatigued patients decreased from 38% (n=9) prior to treatment to 29% (n=7) 6 months later. A substantial number of patients were severely fatigued in both the tumor group and the knee arthroscopy group. Self-efficacy, pain and anxiety appear to be the most important variables associated with fatigue severity in tumor patients prior to surgery.

This article is from Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine , volume 5 . Abstract The first objective of the present study was to investigate fatigue severity in patients diagnosed with bone and soft tissue tumors prior to the surgical treatment of the tumor and 6 months post-operatively. The second objective was to determine which variables are associated with severe fatigue. Patients diagnosed with benign or low-grade malignant bone and soft tissue tumors, undergoing surgical therapy for the tumor only, were included in this study. The control group contained patients scheduled for knee arthroscopy for suspected meniscus tears. Fatigue, pain, anxiety and self-efficacy were measured pre-operatively and after 6 months and each patient wore an actometer to quantify physical activity. In the tumor group of 43 patients, 35% were severely fatigued pre-operatively and 33% post-operatively. The tumor group reported a significantly higher level of anxiety. No differences were observed in pain, physical limitations, self-efficacy or actometer scores. Multiple regression analysis of the tumor group revealed that higher pain scores, higher state anxiety and lower self-efficacy were asssociated with fatigue severity. In the control group of 24 knee arthroscopy patients, the percentage of severely fatigued patients decreased from 38% (n=9) prior to treatment to 29% (n=7) 6 months later. A substantial number of patients were severely fatigued in both the tumor group and the knee arthroscopy group. Self-efficacy, pain and anxiety appear to be the most important variables associated with fatigue severity in tumor patients prior to surgery.

The Royal College of Surgeons of England

The Royal College of Surgeons of England

The Royal College of Surgeons of England

The Royal College of Surgeons of England

The Royal College of Surgeons of England

In this study, we have utilized glioma patients along with two unique murine glioma models: RCAS glioma model and Gl261 model to study various lineages of BMDCs during different stages of glial tumors. Importantly, we identified the unique the population VEGFR2+MDSCs in both patients and mice, which might be used as a surrogate marker for glioma diagnosis and prognosis in future. We have validated the changes of myeloid lineage and endothelial lineages during the progression of gliomas, and We observed bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells have only minimal effort on tumor progression. We have created inducible VEGFR2 knockout system in RCAS-tva model. We demonstrated that bone marrow derived VEGFR2 signaling plays an important role in myeloid differentiation, and infiltration into tumor tissues. Deficiency of VEGFR2 in BMDCs led to impairment of tumor associated myeloid cells and delayed progression of low-grade glioma. Primary tumor up-regulates VEGFR2 in BMDCs through ID2/E2A pathway. All of these findings may have implications to suppress the switch of low-grade to high-grade transformation, and predict the long-term survival.

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.552884 dc.contributor.author: Dahlin, David C. dc.date.accessioned: 2015-10-14T22:24:24Z dc.date.available: 2015-10-14T22:24:24Z dc.date.copyright: 1957 dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2011/03 dc.date.citation: 1957 dc.identifier.barcode: 99999990042015 dc.identifier.origpath: /data8/upload/0239/298 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/552884 dc.description.scannerno: Banasthali University dc.description.scanningcentre: Banasthali University dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 218 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: Sanskrit dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Digital Library of India dc.publisher: U. S. A., Charles C Thomas dc.rights: Copyright permitted dc.source.library: Dr. Robert Heiling Library, S.m.s.medical College, Jaipur dc.subject.classification: Medical dc.title: Bone Tumors dc.type: Print - Paper dc.type: Book

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.552884 dc.contributor.author: Dahlin, David C. dc.date.accessioned: 2015-10-14T22:24:24Z dc.date.available: 2015-10-14T22:24:24Z dc.date.copyright: 1957 dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2011/03 dc.date.citation: 1957 dc.identifier.barcode: 99999990042015 dc.identifier.origpath: /data8/upload/0239/298 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/552884 dc.description.scannerno: Banasthali University dc.description.scanningcentre: Banasthali University dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 218 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: Sanskrit dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Digital Library of India dc.publisher: U. S. A., Charles C Thomas dc.rights: Copyright permitted dc.source.library: Dr. Robert Heiling Library, S.m.s.medical College, Jaipur dc.subject.classification: Medical dc.title: Bone Tumors dc.type: Print - Paper dc.type: Book

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.552884 dc.contributor.author: Dahlin, David C. dc.date.accessioned: 2015-10-14T22:24:24Z dc.date.available: 2015-10-14T22:24:24Z dc.date.copyright: 1957 dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2011/03 dc.date.citation: 1957 dc.identifier.barcode: 99999990042015 dc.identifier.origpath: /data8/upload/0239/298 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/552884 dc.description.scannerno: Banasthali University dc.description.scanningcentre: Banasthali University dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 218 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: Sanskrit dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Digital Library of India dc.publisher: U. S. A., Charles C Thomas dc.rights: Copyright permitted dc.source.library: Dr. Robert Heiling Library, S.m.s.medical College, Jaipur dc.subject.classification: Medical dc.title: Bone Tumors dc.type: Print - Paper dc.type: Book

This article is from World Journal of Nuclear Medicine , volume 13 . Abstract Study on 95 patients to compare radionuclide uptake levels in patients undergoing bone scintigraphy at a Nuclear Medicine Unit has been performed quantitatively using Image J software. Patients were administered with activity ranging from 0.555 to 1.110 MBq depending on their body weight, and their whole-body bone scans obtained with an installed e.cam single-photon emission computed tomography system. Matrix size of 256 × 1024 was used in acquiring the scintigrams. Quantitative analyses performed with installed Image J software revealed higher radionuclide uptake levels in metastatic tumors compared with primary tumors for all selected skeletal parts. Average normalized count of activity in metastatic tumors was 37.117 ± 27.740 cts/mm2/MBq and its corresponding uptake in primary tumors was 23.035 ± 19.542 cts/mm2/MBq. The relative higher uptake in metastatic tumors over primary tumors could be attributed to higher osteoblastic activity and blood flow in metastatic tumors.

This article is from World Journal of Nuclear Medicine , volume 13 . Abstract Study on 95 patients to compare radionuclide uptake levels in patients undergoing bone scintigraphy at a Nuclear Medicine Unit has been performed quantitatively using Image J software. Patients were administered with activity ranging from 0.555 to 1.110 MBq depending on their body weight, and their whole-body bone scans obtained with an installed e.cam single-photon emission computed tomography system. Matrix size of 256 × 1024 was used in acquiring the scintigrams. Quantitative analyses performed with installed Image J software revealed higher radionuclide uptake levels in metastatic tumors compared with primary tumors for all selected skeletal parts. Average normalized count of activity in metastatic tumors was 37.117 ± 27.740 cts/mm2/MBq and its corresponding uptake in primary tumors was 23.035 ± 19.542 cts/mm2/MBq. The relative higher uptake in metastatic tumors over primary tumors could be attributed to higher osteoblastic activity and blood flow in metastatic tumors.

This article is from World Journal of Nuclear Medicine , volume 13 . Abstract Study on 95 patients to compare radionuclide uptake levels in patients undergoing bone scintigraphy at a Nuclear Medicine Unit has been performed quantitatively using Image J software. Patients were administered with activity ranging from 0.555 to 1.110 MBq depending on their body weight, and their whole-body bone scans obtained with an installed e.cam single-photon emission computed tomography system. Matrix size of 256 × 1024 was used in acquiring the scintigrams. Quantitative analyses performed with installed Image J software revealed higher radionuclide uptake levels in metastatic tumors compared with primary tumors for all selected skeletal parts. Average normalized count of activity in metastatic tumors was 37.117 ± 27.740 cts/mm2/MBq and its corresponding uptake in primary tumors was 23.035 ± 19.542 cts/mm2/MBq. The relative higher uptake in metastatic tumors over primary tumors could be attributed to higher osteoblastic activity and blood flow in metastatic tumors.

This article is from World Journal of Nuclear Medicine , volume 13 . Abstract Study on 95 patients to compare radionuclide uptake levels in patients undergoing bone scintigraphy at a Nuclear Medicine Unit has been performed quantitatively using Image J software. Patients were administered with activity ranging from 0.555 to 1.110 MBq depending on their body weight, and their whole-body bone scans obtained with an installed e.cam single-photon emission computed tomography system. Matrix size of 256 × 1024 was used in acquiring the scintigrams. Quantitative analyses performed with installed Image J software revealed higher radionuclide uptake levels in metastatic tumors compared with primary tumors for all selected skeletal parts. Average normalized count of activity in metastatic tumors was 37.117 ± 27.740 cts/mm2/MBq and its corresponding uptake in primary tumors was 23.035 ± 19.542 cts/mm2/MBq. The relative higher uptake in metastatic tumors over primary tumors could be attributed to higher osteoblastic activity and blood flow in metastatic tumors.

This article is from World Journal of Nuclear Medicine , volume 13 . Abstract Study on 95 patients to compare radionuclide uptake levels in patients undergoing bone scintigraphy at a Nuclear Medicine Unit has been performed quantitatively using Image J software. Patients were administered with activity ranging from 0.555 to 1.110 MBq depending on their body weight, and their whole-body bone scans obtained with an installed e.cam single-photon emission computed tomography system. Matrix size of 256 × 1024 was used in acquiring the scintigrams. Quantitative analyses performed with installed Image J software revealed higher radionuclide uptake levels in metastatic tumors compared with primary tumors for all selected skeletal parts. Average normalized count of activity in metastatic tumors was 37.117 ± 27.740 cts/mm2/MBq and its corresponding uptake in primary tumors was 23.035 ± 19.542 cts/mm2/MBq. The relative higher uptake in metastatic tumors over primary tumors could be attributed to higher osteoblastic activity and blood flow in metastatic tumors.

This article is from World Journal of Nuclear Medicine , volume 13 . Abstract Study on 95 patients to compare radionuclide uptake levels in patients undergoing bone scintigraphy at a Nuclear Medicine Unit has been performed quantitatively using Image J software. Patients were administered with activity ranging from 0.555 to 1.110 MBq depending on their body weight, and their whole-body bone scans obtained with an installed e.cam single-photon emission computed tomography system. Matrix size of 256 × 1024 was used in acquiring the scintigrams. Quantitative analyses performed with installed Image J software revealed higher radionuclide uptake levels in metastatic tumors compared with primary tumors for all selected skeletal parts. Average normalized count of activity in metastatic tumors was 37.117 ± 27.740 cts/mm2/MBq and its corresponding uptake in primary tumors was 23.035 ± 19.542 cts/mm2/MBq. The relative higher uptake in metastatic tumors over primary tumors could be attributed to higher osteoblastic activity and blood flow in metastatic tumors.

Aim: Although bone tumors are rare they are complex in terms of diagnosis, patient monitoring, and treatment plans. We aimed to determine the properties, frequency, and distribution of bone tumors in a group of adults. Material and Method: The histopathology reports of all bone samples of the adults that were recorded in a private pathology laboratory in Istanbul between 2009 and 2015 were reviewed. Results: There was a total of 78 patients, 44 male (56%) and 34 (44%) female. The average age was 42.46 years. 47 lesions (60.25%) were benign, 31 (39.75%) malignant. The lesions were most common in the lower extremities (44 cases, 56.4%) and secondly in the upper extremities (17 cases, 22%). Osteochondroma (16 cases, 34%), simple bone cysts (7 cases, 16%), and enchondroma (6 cases, 13%) were the most frequent benign lesions. 20 of 31 malignant lesions were metastasis, followed by chondrosarcoma (5 cases, 6.25%) and chondroblastic osteosarcoma (2 cases, 2.5%). 35% of the metastases were from lung cancer and 19% were from renal cell cancer. 67% of the metastatic lesions were in males. Discussion: Knowledge of the properties and diseases related to adult bone tumors is extremely important. Because they are so rare, the diagnosis may be delayed, causing significant morbidity and mortality.

Aim: Although bone tumors are rare they are complex in terms of diagnosis, patient monitoring, and treatment plans. We aimed to determine the properties, frequency, and distribution of bone tumors in a group of adults. Material and Method: The histopathology reports of all bone samples of the adults that were recorded in a private pathology laboratory in Istanbul between 2009 and 2015 were reviewed. Results: There was a total of 78 patients, 44 male (56%) and 34 (44%) female. The average age was 42.46 years. 47 lesions (60.25%) were benign, 31 (39.75%) malignant. The lesions were most common in the lower extremities (44 cases, 56.4%) and secondly in the upper extremities (17 cases, 22%). Osteochondroma (16 cases, 34%), simple bone cysts (7 cases, 16%), and enchondroma (6 cases, 13%) were the most frequent benign lesions. 20 of 31 malignant lesions were metastasis, followed by chondrosarcoma (5 cases, 6.25%) and chondroblastic osteosarcoma (2 cases, 2.5%). 35% of the metastases were from lung cancer and 19% were from renal cell cancer. 67% of the metastatic lesions were in males. Discussion: Knowledge of the properties and diseases related to adult bone tumors is extremely important. Because they are so rare, the diagnosis may be delayed, causing significant morbidity and mortality.

Aim: Although bone tumors are rare they are complex in terms of diagnosis, patient monitoring, and treatment plans. We aimed to determine the properties, frequency, and distribution of bone tumors in a group of adults. Material and Method: The histopathology reports of all bone samples of the adults that were recorded in a private pathology laboratory in Istanbul between 2009 and 2015 were reviewed. Results: There was a total of 78 patients, 44 male (56%) and 34 (44%) female. The average age was 42.46 years. 47 lesions (60.25%) were benign, 31 (39.75%) malignant. The lesions were most common in the lower extremities (44 cases, 56.4%) and secondly in the upper extremities (17 cases, 22%). Osteochondroma (16 cases, 34%), simple bone cysts (7 cases, 16%), and enchondroma (6 cases, 13%) were the most frequent benign lesions. 20 of 31 malignant lesions were metastasis, followed by chondrosarcoma (5 cases, 6.25%) and chondroblastic osteosarcoma (2 cases, 2.5%). 35% of the metastases were from lung cancer and 19% were from renal cell cancer. 67% of the metastatic lesions were in males. Discussion: Knowledge of the properties and diseases related to adult bone tumors is extremely important. Because they are so rare, the diagnosis may be delayed, causing significant morbidity and mortality.

The absorption of RNase by ascites tumor cells and bone marrow cells was followed by measuring enzymic activity and the radioactivity of cell suspensions incubated in the presence of enzyme labeled with 1311. Experiments indicated that the enzyme penetrated into the interior of the cells and that the rate of penetration depended on the concentration of RNase in the medium. The penetration of the enzyme into ascites tumor cells was not affected by temperature as long as the concentration of RNase in the external medium did not exceed a certain threshold value. These facts suggested that several mechanisms- diffusion, membrane activity, pinocytosis-all differentially influenced by temperature, facilitate the penetration of RNase into the cell. In the light of these new results, the effects of RNase on the metabolism of normal cancerous cells are discussed.

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By BobRobster Krump Up the Jam by MyLoveForCanada Ha ha ha ha ha ho ho ho ho ho by HOGTV Youre George Mcfly! by Content Aware Scaler Retail  eric gets shot  i'm here to see MF DOOM by vaporstrike Sakura-Con 2009 Commercial  Loituma Astronaut by Oasty I GOT THE JUICE, N*GGA  muzzy commercial  skin tone chicken bone  Mouse Fan Club by Unklejoe  Mark Doesnt Get The Zucc  the taste of yogurt by TheAngryBlueSock Seels by MarioInATopHat Bearer of Bad News  YATTA!  Lightning Bolt!  Bop it Ad by Wabie Max Falling Out of a Kayak by SarOff 1234 Mom's Spaghetti by Jay Green's stuff My longest yeah boy by llMegaxlxll videos Dat Boi!!! By ZimoNitrome Gamecube Crossover by 4096 Lemme Smash by Incept YTP The Decayer App by Jimmy Davis Congratulations by idempotency trust. inclusive. Compassion. By @el_anmax_ Jimmy Neutron Happy Family Happy Hour by seinfeldspitstain Hi, I’m Paul!  Nobody here  just gonna say it by kmlkmljkl Jeffpardy! By gr18vidz Cornbread Vine  Wise Words From The Saad by buttcheekwarrior Consume Your Calcium by Whalobster Train Simulator by Barny64 Kid Dancing in the Club  shark attack 3: megalodon  Untitled by E a r l y G r a y  Morshu (original)  worst line reading ever  Tuxedo Grips by Durbikins Pee Wee Herman talks about crack stepping on the m83 by notsandvichhobo take the kebab by Lietuvos Marazmai Inside Out by milk juice oprah sweet potato this is america by Surreal Entertainment  Been Far? By Chip Madeen What Its Like In Countryside by Wiktor Jurek Magic Ball by Vroisen I Have No Soul by Andy Milonakis  Yeah John by leif Propane Genesis Evangelion by Gamblor Batteries  David After Dentist by booba1234 Rockin Speakers  Look at this graph  I'm not at the beach. This is a bathub  I'm Outta Here  Shooby Taylor  saint pepsi - enjoy yourself by matttintosh plus these biscuits will bless your soul… by @diinodiin T O Y O T A C A R O L L A  The Rap Battle by MrDESHAWN RAW [SFM] We like to party by an0nymooose  Hey Baby (Original Upload) by komikero Oh Long Johnson  Dunkaccino but it's dubbed by Duke Nukem by Gianni Matragrano I Love Refrigerators  EA Sports meme by WikiPHOTOS DOOR STUCK by KinetiK001 Omlett.wmv by Fhilip Pörnelius The Box  cha cha real smooth by Pukekura 8005882300 empire (today)  Tunak tunak by Daler Mehndi The End of the World With USSR Theme by Poiz Curb Your Enthusiasm Credits  Dic Logo by 6581R4

Credits: Brokeback to the Future by Chocolate Cake City and Worse Lip Reading All Studios Everything by Moises Sanabria MGM by Yuunohu I Need To Tell You by SkyCorp Home Video ITS ALL RIGHT HERE AT YOUR FINGER TITS by cs188 I CANT WAIT ANYMORE ;_; by Yung Fuccboi Football is For Eggheads The Remake by Deepercutt Rat Movie by Jeremy Elbertson late for meeting by David Lewandowski  Kick the Burger!  Spare Me My Life   Funny Surfer Dude  The Smartest Rick Roll by SpaceBerries PPAP by Pikotaro I Cant Believe Youve Done This  Benny Lava by Buffalax boom goes the dynamite Captain Jean Picard by ShittyMcShit Just Tossin Bikes in the River Bro  Shithead by Thanks Computer GI Joe Computer by Fensler Film Aicha by Gelliman Colins bear animation by Colin Sanders Powerthirst by picnicface You on Kazoo!  Kid Dancing in Elevator  HEEYAYYAYYAYAYY by SLACKCiRCUS Shoe Thrown At Pres Bush  Pigmi Dance  He Kept On Yo-ing  Tim Allen Grunt Every day 3/17/17 by Maximum Malcolm Why Are You Running  Have You Ever Had A Dream Like This?  Bustin by Neil Cicierega GI Joe Porkchop Sandwiches by Fensler Film Serious Man. Garfield Phone.  Mr Trololo Dog of Wisdom by Unklejoe  This Bitch Empty Yeet  Why The Fuck You Lying by Nicholas Fraser Dank Ass Sandboarding Son  GI JOE Reggae by Fensler Film Flea Market Montgomery  Eccentric Severe Tumors by DaThings CBS/FOX Video (April 4, 1984 at 4:44 PM)  Hammie Boye V2  Hi Okay  Skeleton Time by Ellis Green Try Some Corn  Lil Globgogabgalab by Strawinsky and Grandayy Rubber Johnny by Chris Cunningham Im Still A Piece of Garbage by Bill Wurtz  I Feel Fantastic by Mr. Bergeron You're Not Perfect  Pumpkin Dance  80s video dating montage by Jameson Murphy I Love You Bitch Big Smoke Raps His Order by Plextro Garbage Day  Gimme Pizza Slow by explodingcollab Dancing Old People Vine  Kid Saying Labron James  Dragon Dream Feet by LENNOZ Freestyle Dance Teacher  Yee  Sittin on the Toilet by eedabc123 Guacamole  she wanna meet carti by nitetive We All Die You Either Kill Yourself or Get Killed Ghetto Arthur ep 3  WOOF by Epicleptic and Mat Zo What What In The Butt by Samwell SOMEBODY TOUCHA MY SPAGHETT  Hedgehog  It's My Life What Ever I Wanna Do by Vennu Mallesh Tongue Clicks by kmlkmljkl Merry Chrysler  Shreks Dank Kush by Udge You Could Stop At Five or Six Stores  Gurl, Thats A Bootyhole! By Sharolaid Tornado Selfie by Haroon Says Who is she?  Orson Welles Drunk The Origin of Big Chungus by Guyman16 Miracles by Insane Clown Posse We Just Got A Letter John Cena by Steven Caraher Lawnmower Vine  Rainbow Road by RhymesWithStomach Stupid Dog I'm Fuckin Ballin!! By Happy Boi Taranza Don’t Copy That Floppy Rebirth by seinfeldspitstain Animal Calling  Pillowy Mounds of Mashed Potatoes  I Wanna Be a Cowboy Baby  I Just Found 12 Bricks by @youfunnyb Kimchi Slap  Gold Bond LiquiShaq by Davyforce Fucked Up In the Crib  Marijuana Kills  Drinking Out of Cups by Liam Lynch  Watch Your Profanity  Swangin by Ruben Commodore 64  Chacarron by El Chombo I’m Very Hungry  Spooky Car Commercial  Do I Look Like I Know What A JPEG Is? By BobRobster Krump Up the Jam by MyLoveForCanada Ha ha ha ha ha ho ho ho ho ho by HOGTV Youre George Mcfly! by Content Aware Scaler Retail  eric gets shot  i'm here to see MF DOOM by vaporstrike Sakura-Con 2009 Commercial  Loituma Astronaut by Oasty I GOT THE JUICE, N*GGA  muzzy commercial  skin tone chicken bone  Mouse Fan Club by Unklejoe  Mark Doesnt Get The Zucc  the taste of yogurt by TheAngryBlueSock Seels by MarioInATopHat Bearer of Bad News  YATTA!  Lightning Bolt!  Bop it Ad by Wabie Max Falling Out of a Kayak by SarOff 1234 Mom's Spaghetti by Jay Green's stuff My longest yeah boy by llMegaxlxll videos Dat Boi!!! By ZimoNitrome Gamecube Crossover by 4096 Lemme Smash by Incept YTP The Decayer App by Jimmy Davis Congratulations by idempotency trust. inclusive. Compassion. By @el_anmax_ Jimmy Neutron Happy Family Happy Hour by seinfeldspitstain Hi, I’m Paul!  Nobody here  just gonna say it by kmlkmljkl Jeffpardy! By gr18vidz Cornbread Vine  Wise Words From The Saad by buttcheekwarrior Consume Your Calcium by Whalobster Train Simulator by Barny64 Kid Dancing in the Club  shark attack 3: megalodon  Untitled by E a r l y G r a y  Morshu (original)  worst line reading ever  Tuxedo Grips by Durbikins Pee Wee Herman talks about crack stepping on the m83 by notsandvichhobo take the kebab by Lietuvos Marazmai Inside Out by milk juice oprah sweet potato this is america by Surreal Entertainment  Been Far? By Chip Madeen What Its Like In Countryside by Wiktor Jurek Magic Ball by Vroisen I Have No Soul by Andy Milonakis  Yeah John by leif Propane Genesis Evangelion by Gamblor Batteries  David After Dentist by booba1234 Rockin Speakers  Look at this graph  I'm not at the beach. This is a bathub  I'm Outta Here  Shooby Taylor  saint pepsi - enjoy yourself by matttintosh plus these biscuits will bless your soul… by @diinodiin T O Y O T A C A R O L L A  The Rap Battle by MrDESHAWN RAW [SFM] We like to party by an0nymooose  Hey Baby (Original Upload) by komikero Oh Long Johnson  Dunkaccino but it's dubbed by Duke Nukem by Gianni Matragrano I Love Refrigerators  EA Sports meme by WikiPHOTOS DOOR STUCK by KinetiK001 Omlett.wmv by Fhilip Pörnelius The Box  cha cha real smooth by Pukekura 8005882300 empire (today)  Tunak tunak by Daler Mehndi The End of the World With USSR Theme by Poiz Curb Your Enthusiasm Credits  Dic Logo by 6581R4

Credits: Brokeback to the Future by Chocolate Cake City and Worse Lip Reading All Studios Everything by Moises Sanabria MGM by Yuunohu I Need To Tell You by SkyCorp Home Video ITS ALL RIGHT HERE AT YOUR FINGER TITS by cs188 I CANT WAIT ANYMORE ;_; by Yung Fuccboi Football is For Eggheads The Remake by Deepercutt Rat Movie by Jeremy Elbertson late for meeting by David Lewandowski  Kick the Burger!  Spare Me My Life   Funny Surfer Dude  The Smartest Rick Roll by SpaceBerries PPAP by Pikotaro I Cant Believe Youve Done This  Benny Lava by Buffalax boom goes the dynamite Captain Jean Picard by ShittyMcShit Just Tossin Bikes in the River Bro  Shithead by Thanks Computer GI Joe Computer by Fensler Film Aicha by Gelliman Colins bear animation by Colin Sanders Powerthirst by picnicface You on Kazoo!  Kid Dancing in Elevator  HEEYAYYAYYAYAYY by SLACKCiRCUS Shoe Thrown At Pres Bush  Pigmi Dance  He Kept On Yo-ing  Tim Allen Grunt Every day 3/17/17 by Maximum Malcolm Why Are You Running  Have You Ever Had A Dream Like This?  Bustin by Neil Cicierega GI Joe Porkchop Sandwiches by Fensler Film Serious Man. Garfield Phone.  Mr Trololo Dog of Wisdom by Unklejoe  This Bitch Empty Yeet  Why The Fuck You Lying by Nicholas Fraser Dank Ass Sandboarding Son  GI JOE Reggae by Fensler Film Flea Market Montgomery  Eccentric Severe Tumors by DaThings CBS/FOX Video (April 4, 1984 at 4:44 PM)  Hammie Boye V2  Hi Okay  Skeleton Time by Ellis Green Try Some Corn  Lil Globgogabgalab by Strawinsky and Grandayy Rubber Johnny by Chris Cunningham Im Still A Piece of Garbage by Bill Wurtz  I Feel Fantastic by Mr. Bergeron You're Not Perfect  Pumpkin Dance  80s video dating montage by Jameson Murphy I Love You Bitch Big Smoke Raps His Order by Plextro Garbage Day  Gimme Pizza Slow by explodingcollab Dancing Old People Vine  Kid Saying Labron James  Dragon Dream Feet by LENNOZ Freestyle Dance Teacher  Yee  Sittin on the Toilet by eedabc123 Guacamole  she wanna meet carti by nitetive We All Die You Either Kill Yourself or Get Killed Ghetto Arthur ep 3  WOOF by Epicleptic and Mat Zo What What In The Butt by Samwell SOMEBODY TOUCHA MY SPAGHETT  Hedgehog  It's My Life What Ever I Wanna Do by Vennu Mallesh Tongue Clicks by kmlkmljkl Merry Chrysler  Shreks Dank Kush by Udge You Could Stop At Five or Six Stores  Gurl, Thats A Bootyhole! By Sharolaid Tornado Selfie by Haroon Says Who is she?  Orson Welles Drunk The Origin of Big Chungus by Guyman16 Miracles by Insane Clown Posse We Just Got A Letter John Cena by Steven Caraher Lawnmower Vine  Rainbow Road by RhymesWithStomach Stupid Dog I'm Fuckin Ballin!! By Happy Boi Taranza Don’t Copy That Floppy Rebirth by seinfeldspitstain Animal Calling  Pillowy Mounds of Mashed Potatoes  I Wanna Be a Cowboy Baby  I Just Found 12 Bricks by @youfunnyb Kimchi Slap  Gold Bond LiquiShaq by Davyforce Fucked Up In the Crib  Marijuana Kills  Drinking Out of Cups by Liam Lynch  Watch Your Profanity  Swangin by Ruben Commodore 64  Chacarron by El Chombo I’m Very Hungry  Spooky Car Commercial  Do I Look Like I Know What A JPEG Is? By BobRobster Krump Up the Jam by MyLoveForCanada Ha ha ha ha ha ho ho ho ho ho by HOGTV Youre George Mcfly! by Content Aware Scaler Retail  eric gets shot  i'm here to see MF DOOM by vaporstrike Sakura-Con 2009 Commercial  Loituma Astronaut by Oasty I GOT THE JUICE, N*GGA  muzzy commercial  skin tone chicken bone  Mouse Fan Club by Unklejoe  Mark Doesnt Get The Zucc  the taste of yogurt by TheAngryBlueSock Seels by MarioInATopHat Bearer of Bad News  YATTA!  Lightning Bolt!  Bop it Ad by Wabie Max Falling Out of a Kayak by SarOff 1234 Mom's Spaghetti by Jay Green's stuff My longest yeah boy by llMegaxlxll videos Dat Boi!!! By ZimoNitrome Gamecube Crossover by 4096 Lemme Smash by Incept YTP The Decayer App by Jimmy Davis Congratulations by idempotency trust. inclusive. Compassion. By @el_anmax_ Jimmy Neutron Happy Family Happy Hour by seinfeldspitstain Hi, I’m Paul!  Nobody here  just gonna say it by kmlkmljkl Jeffpardy! By gr18vidz Cornbread Vine  Wise Words From The Saad by buttcheekwarrior Consume Your Calcium by Whalobster Train Simulator by Barny64 Kid Dancing in the Club  shark attack 3: megalodon  Untitled by E a r l y G r a y  Morshu (original)  worst line reading ever  Tuxedo Grips by Durbikins Pee Wee Herman talks about crack stepping on the m83 by notsandvichhobo take the kebab by Lietuvos Marazmai Inside Out by milk juice oprah sweet potato this is america by Surreal Entertainment  Been Far? By Chip Madeen What Its Like In Countryside by Wiktor Jurek Magic Ball by Vroisen I Have No Soul by Andy Milonakis  Yeah John by leif Propane Genesis Evangelion by Gamblor Batteries  David After Dentist by booba1234 Rockin Speakers  Look at this graph  I'm not at the beach. This is a bathub  I'm Outta Here  Shooby Taylor  saint pepsi - enjoy yourself by matttintosh plus these biscuits will bless your soul… by @diinodiin T O Y O T A C A R O L L A  The Rap Battle by MrDESHAWN RAW [SFM] We like to party by an0nymooose  Hey Baby (Original Upload) by komikero Oh Long Johnson  Dunkaccino but it's dubbed by Duke Nukem by Gianni Matragrano I Love Refrigerators  EA Sports meme by WikiPHOTOS DOOR STUCK by KinetiK001 Omlett.wmv by Fhilip Pörnelius The Box  cha cha real smooth by Pukekura 8005882300 empire (today)  Tunak tunak by Daler Mehndi The End of the World With USSR Theme by Poiz Curb Your Enthusiasm Credits  Dic Logo by 6581R4

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze the results of surgical treatment of patients with giant cell tumor in the distal radius according to the Campanacci grade. Material and Method: The data of 20 patients with giant cell tumor localized in the distal radius were analyzed retrospectively. 5 patients were Campanacci grade I, 13 patients were grade II and 2 patients were grade III. Patients with Grade I and II lesions underwent intralesional curettage + adjuvant treatments. Patients with Grade III underwent en bloc resection + reconstruction. Results: The mean age of 6 male and 14 female patients was 28.6 years. Recurrence developed in a total of 7 (35%) patients after the surgery in approximately 9 months. Post-operative complications developed in 2 patients (10%). There was no significant difference between the surgical approaches performed according to the tumor grade. Discussion: Intralesional curettage treatment is recommended for Campanacci grade I tumors and en bloc resection is recommended for grade II and III tumors.

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze the results of surgical treatment of patients with giant cell tumor in the distal radius according to the Campanacci grade. Material and Method: The data of 20 patients with giant cell tumor localized in the distal radius were analyzed retrospectively. 5 patients were Campanacci grade I, 13 patients were grade II and 2 patients were grade III. Patients with Grade I and II lesions underwent intralesional curettage + adjuvant treatments. Patients with Grade III underwent en bloc resection + reconstruction. Results: The mean age of 6 male and 14 female patients was 28.6 years. Recurrence developed in a total of 7 (35%) patients after the surgery in approximately 9 months. Post-operative complications developed in 2 patients (10%). There was no significant difference between the surgical approaches performed according to the tumor grade. Discussion: Intralesional curettage treatment is recommended for Campanacci grade I tumors and en bloc resection is recommended for grade II and III tumors.

Aim: The aim of this study is to analyze the results of surgical treatment of patients with giant cell tumor in the distal radius according to the Campanacci grade. Material and Method: The data of 20 patients with giant cell tumor localized in the distal radius were analyzed retrospectively. 5 patients were Campanacci grade I, 13 patients were grade II and 2 patients were grade III. Patients with Grade I and II lesions underwent intralesional curettage + adjuvant treatments. Patients with Grade III underwent en bloc resection + reconstruction. Results: The mean age of 6 male and 14 female patients was 28.6 years. Recurrence developed in a total of 7 (35%) patients after the surgery in approximately 9 months. Post-operative complications developed in 2 patients (10%). There was no significant difference between the surgical approaches performed according to the tumor grade. Discussion: Intralesional curettage treatment is recommended for Campanacci grade I tumors and en bloc resection is recommended for grade II and III tumors.

This article is from Indian Journal of Medical and Paediatric Oncology : Official Journal of Indian Society of Medical & Paediatric Oncology , volume 32 . Abstract Background:: Bone tumors remain a daunting challenge to orthopedic surgeons. The challenge is heightened in developing countries due to limited diagnostic and therapeutic facilities as well as due to ignorance. The published literature on this subject is sparse in our environment. Objective:: To determine the pattern of bone tumors including their relative frequencies, age and sex distributions, anatomical sites of occurrence and clinico-pathological characteristics as seen in a tertiary care hospital of south India. Materials and Methods:: This is a retrospective review of all the histologically confirmed bone tumors seen at JSS Medical College and Hospital, Mysore over an 8 year period: 2002 to 2009. Results:: A total of 117 patients (aged 5 to 82 years) with a mean of age of 26.87 years were studied. Seventy-six patients (64.96%) were males and 41 (35.04%) were females. The peak age incidence for primary bone tumors was in the age group of 11-20 years and that for metastatic bone tumors was more than 60 years. Sixty-seven (57.26%) of the tumors were benign. Among these, osteochondroma was the most common, accounting for 26 cases (22.22%) followed by Giant cell tumor (24 cases, 20.51%). Osteosarcoma accounted for 35.14% (13 cases) of all the primary malignant tumors in the study. Lower end of femur was the most common site for primary bone tumors and accounted for 30 cases (25.64%) followed by upper end of tibia and fibula (24 cases, 20.51%). The most common site for metastatic bone tumors was upper end of femur including hip joint followed by spine. Conclusion:: This study showed that primary bone tumors are mainly benign, occurred predominantly in the second decade of life with a male preponderance. Osteochondroma and osteosarcoma are the most common benign and primary malignant bone tumors, respectively. The most common primary foci for metastatic bone tumor are from the respiratory tract.

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This article is from Indian Journal of Orthopaedics , volume 46 . Abstract Background:: The extent of tumor may necessitate resection of the complete femur rarely to achieve adequate oncologic clearance in bone sarcomas. We present our experience with reconstruction in such cases using an indigenously manufactured, low-cost, total femoral prosthesis (TFP). We assessed the complications of the procedure, the oncologic and functional outcomes, and implant survival. Materials and Methods:: Eight patients (four males and four females) with a mean age of 32 years, operated between December 2003 and June 2009, had a TFP implanted. The diagnosis included osteogenic sarcoma (5), Ewing's sarcoma (1), and chondrosarcoma (2). Mean followup was 33 months (9–72 months) for all and 40 months (24–72 months) in survivors. They were evaluated by Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score, implant survival as well as patient survival. Results:: There was one local recurrence and five of seven patients are currently alive at the time of last followup. The Musculoskeletal Tumor Society score for patients ranged from 21 to 25 with a mean of 24 (80%). The implant survival was 88% at 5 years with only one TFP needing removal because of infection. Conclusions:: A TFP in appropriately indicated patients with malignant bone tumors is oncologically safe. A locally manufactured, cost-effective implant provided consistent and predictable results after excision of the total femur with good functional outcomes.

This article is from World Journal of Surgical Oncology , volume 11 . Abstract Background: The clinical symptoms and radiographic appearance of osteomyelitis can mimic those of bone tumors. Methods: We reviewed 10 patients with osteomyelitis of the femur who were initially diagnosed as having bone tumors and were subsequently transferred to our institution. Results: Nocturnal pain of moderate intensity occurred in seven patients, and all 10 patients had elevated C-reactive protein levels. The radiographic findings included the following: a permeative, moth-eaten osteolytic lesion in six patients, an osteolytic lesion with sclerotic borders in three patients, and cortical destruction with pathological fracture in one patient. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed for eight patients, and only one had a positive penumbra sign. All patients underwent a surgical biopsy to confirm the final diagnosis for histological analysis and cultures. Klebsiella pneumoniae was detected in six patients and Staphylococcus aureus, the most common organism in osteomyelitis, was detected in three. Recurrence of infection occurred in five patients following debridement surgery; of these three had a Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. All patients received antibiotic treatment for an average of 20.4 weeks (range, 4 to 44) and surgical treatment an average of 1.8 times (range, 1 to 4). At the final follow-up, all patients were fully recovered with no signs of infection. Conclusions: When used in combination, clinical examinations, laboratory data, and radiographic findings can reliably distinguishing osteomyelitis from bone tumors.

This article is from World Journal of Surgical Oncology , volume 11 . Abstract Background: The clinical symptoms and radiographic appearance of osteomyelitis can mimic those of bone tumors. Methods: We reviewed 10 patients with osteomyelitis of the femur who were initially diagnosed as having bone tumors and were subsequently transferred to our institution. Results: Nocturnal pain of moderate intensity occurred in seven patients, and all 10 patients had elevated C-reactive protein levels. The radiographic findings included the following: a permeative, moth-eaten osteolytic lesion in six patients, an osteolytic lesion with sclerotic borders in three patients, and cortical destruction with pathological fracture in one patient. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed for eight patients, and only one had a positive penumbra sign. All patients underwent a surgical biopsy to confirm the final diagnosis for histological analysis and cultures. Klebsiella pneumoniae was detected in six patients and Staphylococcus aureus, the most common organism in osteomyelitis, was detected in three. Recurrence of infection occurred in five patients following debridement surgery; of these three had a Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. All patients received antibiotic treatment for an average of 20.4 weeks (range, 4 to 44) and surgical treatment an average of 1.8 times (range, 1 to 4). At the final follow-up, all patients were fully recovered with no signs of infection. Conclusions: When used in combination, clinical examinations, laboratory data, and radiographic findings can reliably distinguishing osteomyelitis from bone tumors.

This article is from World Journal of Surgical Oncology , volume 11 . Abstract Background: The clinical symptoms and radiographic appearance of osteomyelitis can mimic those of bone tumors. Methods: We reviewed 10 patients with osteomyelitis of the femur who were initially diagnosed as having bone tumors and were subsequently transferred to our institution. Results: Nocturnal pain of moderate intensity occurred in seven patients, and all 10 patients had elevated C-reactive protein levels. The radiographic findings included the following: a permeative, moth-eaten osteolytic lesion in six patients, an osteolytic lesion with sclerotic borders in three patients, and cortical destruction with pathological fracture in one patient. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed for eight patients, and only one had a positive penumbra sign. All patients underwent a surgical biopsy to confirm the final diagnosis for histological analysis and cultures. Klebsiella pneumoniae was detected in six patients and Staphylococcus aureus, the most common organism in osteomyelitis, was detected in three. Recurrence of infection occurred in five patients following debridement surgery; of these three had a Klebsiella pneumoniae infection. All patients received antibiotic treatment for an average of 20.4 weeks (range, 4 to 44) and surgical treatment an average of 1.8 times (range, 1 to 4). At the final follow-up, all patients were fully recovered with no signs of infection. Conclusions: When used in combination, clinical examinations, laboratory data, and radiographic findings can reliably distinguishing osteomyelitis from bone tumors.

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.550284 dc.contributor.author: Coley, Bradley L. dc.date.accessioned: 2015-10-14T21:38:56Z dc.date.available: 2015-10-14T21:38:56Z dc.date.copyright: 1953 dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2011/03 dc.date.citation: 1953 dc.identifier.barcode: 04990010031105 dc.identifier.origpath: /data8/upload/0228/387 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/550284 dc.description.scannerno: Banasthali University dc.description.scanningcentre: C-DAK, Kolkata dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 230 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: Sanskrit dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Digital Library of India dc.publisher: New York, Paul B. Hoeber dc.rights: Copyright permitted dc.source.library: Dr. Robert Heiling Library, S.m.s.medical College, Jaipur dc.subject.classification: Medical dc.title: Tumors Of Bone A Roentgenographic Atlas Vol. Xxi dc.type: Print - Paper dc.type: Book

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.552950 dc.contributor.author: Lichtenstein, Louis dc.date.accessioned: 2015-10-14T22:26:15Z dc.date.available: 2015-10-14T22:26:15Z dc.date.copyright: 1959 dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2011/03 dc.date.citation: 1959 dc.identifier.barcode: 99999990042076 dc.identifier.origpath: /data8/upload/0239/359 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/552950 dc.description.scannerno: Banasthali University dc.description.scanningcentre: Banasthali University dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 432 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: Sanskrit dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Digital Library of India dc.publisher: St. Louis, The C. V. Mosby Company dc.rights: Copyright permitted dc.source.library: Dr. Robert Heiling Library, S.m.s.medical College, Jaipur dc.subject.classification: Medical dc.title: Bone Tumors(second Edition) dc.type: Print - Paper dc.type: Book

Book Source: Digital Library of India Item 2015.552887 dc.contributor.author: Coley, Bradley L. dc.date.accessioned: 2015-10-14T22:24:28Z dc.date.available: 2015-10-14T22:24:28Z dc.date.copyright: 1953 dc.date.digitalpublicationdate: 2011/03 dc.date.citation: 1953 dc.identifier.barcode: 99999990042017 dc.identifier.origpath: /data8/upload/0239/300 dc.identifier.copyno: 1 dc.identifier.uri: http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/552887 dc.description.scannerno: Banasthali University dc.description.scanningcentre: Banasthali University dc.description.main: 1 dc.description.tagged: 0 dc.description.totalpages: 230 dc.format.mimetype: application/pdf dc.language.iso: Sanskrit dc.publisher.digitalrepublisher: Digital Library of India dc.publisher: New York, Paul B. Hoeber dc.rights: Copyright permitted dc.source.library: Dr. Robert Heiling Library, S.m.s.medical College, Jaipur dc.subject.classification: Medical dc.title: Tumors Of Bone A Roentgenographic Atlas Vol. Xxi dc.type: Print - Paper dc.type: Book

This article is from Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine : IJNM : The Official Journal of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, India , volume 29 . Abstract Aim:: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of 68Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan for the detection of bone metastases in pediatric neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and to compare it with CT scan. Materials and Methods:: A total of 30 patients (18 were males and 12 were females; age range: 1-18 years; mean age 7.6 years) with histologically confirmed NETs referred to our department were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan at the time of diagnosis for primary staging. Contrast enhanced CT (CECT) performed at the time of PET scan acquisition was used for comparison with PET data. Imaging results were analyzed on a per-patient and on a per-lesion basis. Clinical follow-up of all patients and repeat PET/CT imaging (n = 10) was taken as the reference standard. Results:: Out of the 30 patients, 17 had no evidence of bone metastases on any imaging modality or on clinical follow-up while the rest of 13 patients showed evidence of bone metastases (nine showing positivity both on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET and CT scan while four showing positivity only on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET). Compared with CT scan, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET detected bone metastases at a significantly higher rate (P = 0.0039). On a per lesion analysis, out of a total of 225 lesions detected by 68Ga-DOTATATE PET, only 84 lesions could be detected by CT scan. Conclusion:: 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan is more useful than CECT scan for the early detection of bone metastases in pediatric NETs.

This article is from Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine : IJNM : The Official Journal of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, India , volume 29 . Abstract Aim:: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of 68Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan for the detection of bone metastases in pediatric neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and to compare it with CT scan. Materials and Methods:: A total of 30 patients (18 were males and 12 were females; age range: 1-18 years; mean age 7.6 years) with histologically confirmed NETs referred to our department were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan at the time of diagnosis for primary staging. Contrast enhanced CT (CECT) performed at the time of PET scan acquisition was used for comparison with PET data. Imaging results were analyzed on a per-patient and on a per-lesion basis. Clinical follow-up of all patients and repeat PET/CT imaging (n = 10) was taken as the reference standard. Results:: Out of the 30 patients, 17 had no evidence of bone metastases on any imaging modality or on clinical follow-up while the rest of 13 patients showed evidence of bone metastases (nine showing positivity both on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET and CT scan while four showing positivity only on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET). Compared with CT scan, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET detected bone metastases at a significantly higher rate (P = 0.0039). On a per lesion analysis, out of a total of 225 lesions detected by 68Ga-DOTATATE PET, only 84 lesions could be detected by CT scan. Conclusion:: 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan is more useful than CECT scan for the early detection of bone metastases in pediatric NETs.

This article is from Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine : IJNM : The Official Journal of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, India , volume 29 . Abstract Aim:: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of 68Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan for the detection of bone metastases in pediatric neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and to compare it with CT scan. Materials and Methods:: A total of 30 patients (18 were males and 12 were females; age range: 1-18 years; mean age 7.6 years) with histologically confirmed NETs referred to our department were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan at the time of diagnosis for primary staging. Contrast enhanced CT (CECT) performed at the time of PET scan acquisition was used for comparison with PET data. Imaging results were analyzed on a per-patient and on a per-lesion basis. Clinical follow-up of all patients and repeat PET/CT imaging (n = 10) was taken as the reference standard. Results:: Out of the 30 patients, 17 had no evidence of bone metastases on any imaging modality or on clinical follow-up while the rest of 13 patients showed evidence of bone metastases (nine showing positivity both on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET and CT scan while four showing positivity only on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET). Compared with CT scan, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET detected bone metastases at a significantly higher rate (P = 0.0039). On a per lesion analysis, out of a total of 225 lesions detected by 68Ga-DOTATATE PET, only 84 lesions could be detected by CT scan. Conclusion:: 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan is more useful than CECT scan for the early detection of bone metastases in pediatric NETs.

This article is from Indian Journal of Nuclear Medicine : IJNM : The Official Journal of the Society of Nuclear Medicine, India , volume 29 . Abstract Aim:: The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of 68Ga-DOTATATE positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scan for the detection of bone metastases in pediatric neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) and to compare it with CT scan. Materials and Methods:: A total of 30 patients (18 were males and 12 were females; age range: 1-18 years; mean age 7.6 years) with histologically confirmed NETs referred to our department were retrospectively analyzed. All patients underwent 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan at the time of diagnosis for primary staging. Contrast enhanced CT (CECT) performed at the time of PET scan acquisition was used for comparison with PET data. Imaging results were analyzed on a per-patient and on a per-lesion basis. Clinical follow-up of all patients and repeat PET/CT imaging (n = 10) was taken as the reference standard. Results:: Out of the 30 patients, 17 had no evidence of bone metastases on any imaging modality or on clinical follow-up while the rest of 13 patients showed evidence of bone metastases (nine showing positivity both on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET and CT scan while four showing positivity only on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET). Compared with CT scan, 68Ga-DOTATATE PET detected bone metastases at a significantly higher rate (P = 0.0039). On a per lesion analysis, out of a total of 225 lesions detected by 68Ga-DOTATATE PET, only 84 lesions could be detected by CT scan. Conclusion:: 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan is more useful than CECT scan for the early detection of bone metastases in pediatric NETs.