Challenges Of The Future: Public Attitudes Toward Space Exploration, Artificial Intelligence, And Ecological Awareness - Info and Reading Options

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Introduction: In the vision of the future, the ever-increasing role of technology in everyday life and the growing ecological challenges, the analysis of social attitudes towards space exploration, artificial intelligence (AI) and ecological awareness is crucial to understanding contemporary and future social dynamics. Space exploration has fascinated humanity for years, arousing both enthusiasm and skepticism. Artificial intelligence, as a technology with potential, generates ambivalent attitudes - on the one hand, it is seen as a possibility of progress, on the other it raises fears. According to the research of Schepman and Rodway (2020), attitudes towards AI vary depending on the level of education and previous experience with technology. Environmental awareness plays an important role in shaping attitudes towards new technologies, as people with high ecological awareness often show greater criticism of their potential environmental threats (Dunlapi et al., 1978). In Poland, research on ecological awareness – in the adaptation of the New Ecological Paradigm (NEP) Scale – has shown growing concern for the environment, which may influence attitudes towards technology (Czujkowski, 2003). Understanding these attitudes in a comprehensive manner requires taking into account their mutual interactions, which may contribute to better informing the public, reducing barriers to accepting technology, and more effective design of educational and political activities. Research Question: How do public attitudes toward space exploration, artificial intelligence, and ecological awareness interact, and what factors influence these perceptions? Aim: This study aims to explore the relationships between attitudes toward space exploration, artificial intelligence, and ecological awareness. By identifying key psychological and sociological determinants of these attitudes, the research seeks to contribute to the discourse on public acceptance of new technologies and environmental responsibility. Hypothesis: H1: A negative attitude toward AI will correlate positively with a negative attitude toward exploration. Justification:The theory of resistance to change (Oreg, 2003) suggests that people who are resistant to one change may also be negative toward other innovations. Negative attitudes toward AI may coexist with negative attitudes toward space exploration, reflecting general skepticism toward the technology. H2: Higher environmental awareness will correlate negatively with a positive attitude toward space exploration. Justification: The theory of cognitive dissonance suggests that people strive for consistency between their beliefs and actions. People with high environmental awareness may experience dissonance if they support actions that potentially harm the environment. As a result, they will seek to reduce it. H3: Higher education will correlate positively with greater environmental awareness. Justification: People with higher education are more likely to demonstrate pro-ecological attitudes and are more aware of issues related to environmental protection. A study by the Ministry of Climate and Environment (2022) shows that people with higher education are more likely to engage in environmental protection activities. H4: Higher education will positively correlate with a positive attitude towards space exploration. Justification: Both in the article by Pyrkosz-Pacyna et al. (2022) and Marušić et al. (2018), the respondents indicate that education increases general knowledge about technologies related to space exploration, which positively affects the perception of its importance and value.

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